Implement support for parsing/interacting with NCAs. (#942)

* fs: implement support for interacting with ncas.

* spl: extend to use virtual keyslots

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fs.hpp

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 #include <stratosphere/fs/fs_common.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_storage_type.hpp>
 #include <stratosphere/fs/fsa/fs_ifile.hpp>
 #include <stratosphere/fs/fsa/fs_idirectory.hpp>
 #include <stratosphere/fs/fsa/fs_ifilesystem.hpp>
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@
 #include <stratosphere/fs/fs_remote_storage.hpp>
 #include <stratosphere/fs/fs_file_storage.hpp>
 #include <stratosphere/fs/fs_query_range.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_speed_emulation.hpp>
 #include <stratosphere/fs/impl/fs_common_mount_name.hpp>
 #include <stratosphere/fs/fs_mount.hpp>
 #include <stratosphere/fs/fs_path_tool.hpp>

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fs/fs_file_storage.hpp

@@ -17,11 +17,14 @@
 #include <stratosphere/fs/fs_common.hpp>
 #include <stratosphere/fs/fs_istorage.hpp>
 #include <stratosphere/fs/fsa/fs_ifile.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fsa/fs_ifilesystem.hpp>
 #include <stratosphere/fs/impl/fs_newable.hpp>
 
 namespace ams::fs {
 
     class FileStorage : public IStorage, public impl::Newable {
+        NON_COPYABLE(FileStorage);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(FileStorage);
         private:
             static constexpr s64 InvalidSize = -1;
         private:
@@ -43,8 +46,25 @@ namespace ams::fs {
             }
 
             virtual ~FileStorage() { /* ... */ }
-        protected:
+        private:
             Result UpdateSize();
+        protected:
+            constexpr FileStorage() : unique_file(), shared_file(), base_file(nullptr), size(InvalidSize) { /* ... */ }
+
+            void SetFile(fs::fsa::IFile *file) {
+                AMS_ASSERT(file != nullptr);
+                AMS_ASSERT(this->base_file == nullptr);
+                this->base_file = file;
+            }
+
+            void SetFile(std::unique_ptr<fs::fsa::IFile> &&file) {
+                AMS_ASSERT(file != nullptr);
+                AMS_ASSERT(this->base_file == nullptr);
+                AMS_ASSERT(this->unique_file == nullptr);
+
+                this->unique_file = std::move(file);
+                this->base_file   = this->unique_file.get();
+            }
         public:
             virtual Result Read(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size) override;
             virtual Result Write(s64 offset, const void *buffer, size_t size) override;
@@ -54,6 +74,17 @@ namespace ams::fs {
             virtual Result OperateRange(void *dst, size_t dst_size, OperationId op_id, s64 offset, s64 size, const void *src, size_t src_size) override;
     };
 
+    class FileStorageBasedFileSystem : public FileStorage {
+        NON_COPYABLE(FileStorageBasedFileSystem);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(FileStorageBasedFileSystem);
+        private:
+            std::shared_ptr<fs::fsa::IFileSystem> base_file_system;
+        public:
+            constexpr FileStorageBasedFileSystem() : FileStorage(), base_file_system(nullptr) { /* ... */ }
+
+            Result Initialize(std::shared_ptr<fs::fsa::IFileSystem> base_file_system, const char *path, fs::OpenMode mode);
+    };
+
     class FileHandleStorage : public IStorage, public impl::Newable {
         private:
             static constexpr s64 InvalidSize = -1;

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fs/fs_memory_management.hpp

@@ -46,6 +46,17 @@ namespace ams::fs {
             return std::unique_ptr<T, Deleter>(static_cast<T *>(::ams::fs::impl::Allocate(sizeof(T))), Deleter(sizeof(T)));
         }
 
+        template<typename ArrayT>
+        std::unique_ptr<ArrayT, Deleter> MakeUnique(size_t size) {
+            using T = typename std::remove_extent<ArrayT>::type;
+
+            static_assert(std::is_pod<ArrayT>::value);
+            static_assert(std::is_array<ArrayT>::value);
+
+            const size_t alloc_size = sizeof(T) * size;
+            return std::unique_ptr<ArrayT, Deleter>(static_cast<T *>(::ams::fs::impl::Allocate(alloc_size)), Deleter(alloc_size));
+        }
+
     }
 
 }

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fs/fs_query_range.hpp

@@ -47,6 +47,8 @@ namespace ams::fs {
 
     enum class AesCtrKeyTypeFlag : s32 {
         InternalKeyForSoftwareAes = (1 << 0),
+        InternalKeyForHardwareAes = (1 << 1),
+        ExternalKeyForHardwareAes = (1 << 2),
     };
 
 }

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fs/fs_save_data_types.hpp

@@ -156,4 +156,14 @@ namespace ams::fs {
     static_assert(sizeof(SaveDataExtraData) == 0x200);
     static_assert(util::is_pod<SaveDataExtraData>::value);
 
+    struct HashSalt {
+        static constexpr size_t Size = 32;
+
+        u8 value[Size];
+    };
+    static_assert(std::is_pod<HashSalt>::value);
+    static_assert(sizeof(HashSalt) == HashSalt::Size);
+
+    using SaveDataHashSalt = std::optional<HashSalt>;
+
 }

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fs/fs_speed_emulation.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_common.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fs {
+
+    enum class SpeedEmulationMode {
+        None    = 0,
+        Faster  = 1,
+        Slower  = 2,
+        Random  = 3,
+    };
+
+    /* TODO */
+    /* Result SetSpeedEmulationMode(SpeedEmulationMode mode); */
+    /* Result GetSpeedEmulationMode(SpeedEmulationMode *out); */
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fs/fs_storage_type.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fs {
+
+    enum StorageType : s32 {
+        StorageType_SaveData  = 0,
+        StorageType_RomFs     = 1,
+        StorageType_Authoring = 2,
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssrv.hpp

@@ -15,5 +15,13 @@
  */
 
 #pragma once
-#include "fssrv/fssrv_sf_path.hpp"
-#include "fssrv/fssrv_path_normalizer.hpp"
+#include <stratosphere/fssrv/fssrv_sf_path.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssrv/fssrv_path_normalizer.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssrv/fssrv_nca_crypto_configuration.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssrv/fssrv_memory_resource_from_standard_allocator.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssrv/fssrv_memory_resource_from_exp_heap.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssrv/fssrv_i_file_system_creator.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssrv/fscreator/fssrv_partition_file_system_creator.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssrv/fscreator/fssrv_rom_file_system_creator.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssrv/fscreator/fssrv_storage_on_nca_creator.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssrv/fssrv_file_system_proxy_api.hpp>

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssrv/fscreator/fssrv_partition_file_system_creator.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssrv/fssrv_i_file_system_creator.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssrv::fscreator {
+
+    class PartitionFileSystemCreator : public IPartitionFileSystemCreator {
+        NON_COPYABLE(PartitionFileSystemCreator);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(PartitionFileSystemCreator);
+        public:
+            PartitionFileSystemCreator() { /* ... */ }
+
+            virtual Result Create(std::shared_ptr<fs::fsa::IFileSystem> *out, std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> storage) override;
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssrv/fscreator/fssrv_rom_file_system_creator.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssrv/fssrv_i_file_system_creator.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssrv::fscreator {
+
+    class RomFileSystemCreator : public IRomFileSystemCreator {
+        NON_COPYABLE(RomFileSystemCreator);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(RomFileSystemCreator);
+        private:
+            MemoryResource *allocator;
+        public:
+            explicit RomFileSystemCreator(MemoryResource *mr) : allocator(mr) { /* ... */ }
+
+            virtual Result Create(std::shared_ptr<fs::fsa::IFileSystem> *out, std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> storage) override;
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssrv/fscreator/fssrv_storage_on_nca_creator.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssrv/fssrv_i_file_system_creator.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/buffers/fssystem_i_buffer_manager.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    struct NcaCryptoConfiguration;
+
+}
+
+namespace ams::fssrv::fscreator {
+
+    class StorageOnNcaCreator : public IStorageOnNcaCreator {
+        NON_COPYABLE(StorageOnNcaCreator);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(StorageOnNcaCreator);
+        private:
+            MemoryResource *allocator;
+            fssystem::IBufferManager * const buffer_manager;
+            const fssystem::NcaCryptoConfiguration &nca_crypto_cfg;
+            bool is_prod;
+            bool is_enabled_program_verification;
+        private:
+            Result VerifyNcaHeaderSign2(fssystem::NcaReader *nca_reader, fs::IStorage *storage);
+        public:
+            explicit StorageOnNcaCreator(MemoryResource *mr, const fssystem::NcaCryptoConfiguration &cfg, bool prod, fssystem::IBufferManager *bm) : allocator(mr), buffer_manager(bm), nca_crypto_cfg(cfg), is_prod(prod), is_enabled_program_verification(true) {
+                /* ... */
+            }
+
+            virtual Result Create(std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> *out, fssystem::NcaFsHeaderReader *out_header_reader, std::shared_ptr<fssystem::NcaReader> nca_reader, s32 index, bool verify_header_sign_2) override;
+            virtual Result CreateWithPatch(std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> *out, fssystem::NcaFsHeaderReader *out_header_reader, std::shared_ptr<fssystem::NcaReader> original_nca_reader, std::shared_ptr<fssystem::NcaReader> current_nca_reader, s32 index, bool verify_header_sign_2) override;
+            virtual Result CreateNcaReader(std::shared_ptr<fssystem::NcaReader> *out, std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> storage) override;
+            virtual Result VerifyAcid(fs::fsa::IFileSystem *fs, fssystem::NcaReader *nca_reader) override;
+            virtual void   SetEnabledProgramVerification(bool en) override;
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssrv/fssrv_file_system_proxy_api.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssrv::fscreator {
+
+    struct FileSystemCreatorInterfaces;
+
+}
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    class IBufferManager;
+
+}
+
+namespace ams::fssrv {
+
+    void InitializeForFileSystemProxy(fscreator::FileSystemCreatorInterfaces *fs_creator_interfaces, fssystem::IBufferManager *buffer_manager, bool is_development_function_enabled);
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssrv/fssrv_i_file_system_creator.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/impl/fs_newable.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fs {
+
+    class IStorage;
+    enum class BisPartitionId;
+
+    namespace fsa {
+
+        class IFileSystem;
+
+    }
+
+}
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    class NcaReader;
+    class NcaFsHeaderReader;
+
+    namespace save {
+
+        /* TODO */
+
+    }
+
+}
+
+namespace ams::fssrv::fscreator {
+
+    class IRomFileSystemCreator {
+        public:
+            virtual ~IRomFileSystemCreator() { /* ... */ }
+            virtual Result Create(std::shared_ptr<fs::fsa::IFileSystem> *out, std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> storage) = 0;
+    };
+
+    class IPartitionFileSystemCreator {
+        public:
+            virtual ~IPartitionFileSystemCreator() { /* ... */ }
+            virtual Result Create(std::shared_ptr<fs::fsa::IFileSystem> *out, std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> storage) = 0;
+    };
+
+    class IStorageOnNcaCreator {
+        public:
+            virtual ~IStorageOnNcaCreator() { /* ... */ }
+            virtual Result Create(std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> *out, fssystem::NcaFsHeaderReader *out_header_reader, std::shared_ptr<fssystem::NcaReader> nca_reader, s32 index, bool verify_header_sign_2) = 0;
+            virtual Result CreateWithPatch(std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> *out, fssystem::NcaFsHeaderReader *out_header_reader, std::shared_ptr<fssystem::NcaReader> original_nca_reader, std::shared_ptr<fssystem::NcaReader> current_nca_reader, s32 index, bool verify_header_sign_2) = 0;
+            virtual Result CreateNcaReader(std::shared_ptr<fssystem::NcaReader> *out, std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> storage) = 0;
+            virtual Result VerifyAcid(fs::fsa::IFileSystem *fs, fssystem::NcaReader *nca_reader) = 0;
+            virtual void   SetEnabledProgramVerification(bool en) = 0;
+    };
+
+    struct FileSystemCreatorInterfaces {
+        IRomFileSystemCreator *rom_fs_creator;
+        IPartitionFileSystemCreator *partition_fs_creator;
+        IStorageOnNcaCreator *storage_on_nca_creator;
+        /* TODO: More creators. */
+    };
+    static_assert(std::is_pod<FileSystemCreatorInterfaces>::value);
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssrv/fssrv_memory_resource_from_exp_heap.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/os.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/lmem/lmem_exp_heap.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssrv {
+
+    class MemoryResourceFromExpHeap : public ams::MemoryResource {
+        private:
+            lmem::HeapHandle heap_handle;
+        public:
+            constexpr explicit MemoryResourceFromExpHeap(lmem::HeapHandle handle) : heap_handle(handle) { /* ... */ }
+        protected:
+            virtual void *AllocateImpl(size_t size, size_t align) override {
+                return lmem::AllocateFromExpHeap(this->heap_handle, size, static_cast<s32>(align));
+            }
+
+            virtual void DeallocateImpl(void *p, size_t size, size_t align) override {
+                return lmem::FreeToExpHeap(this->heap_handle, p);
+            }
+
+            virtual bool IsEqualImpl(const MemoryResource &rhs) const override {
+                return false;
+            }
+    };
+
+    class PeakCheckableMemoryResourceFromExpHeap : public ams::MemoryResource {
+        private:
+            lmem::HeapHandle heap_handle;
+            os::Mutex mutex;
+            size_t peak_free_size;
+            size_t current_free_size;
+        public:
+            constexpr explicit PeakCheckableMemoryResourceFromExpHeap(size_t heap_size) : heap_handle(nullptr), mutex(false), peak_free_size(heap_size), current_free_size(heap_size) { /* ... */ }
+
+            void SetHeapHandle(lmem::HeapHandle handle) {
+                this->heap_handle = handle;
+            }
+
+            size_t GetPeakFreeSize() const { return this->peak_free_size; }
+            size_t GetCurrentFreeSize() const { return this->current_free_size; }
+
+            void ClearPeak() { this->peak_free_size = this->current_free_size; }
+
+            std::scoped_lock<os::Mutex> GetScopedLock() {
+                return std::scoped_lock(this->mutex);
+            }
+
+            void OnAllocate(void *p, size_t size);
+            void OnDeallocate(void *p, size_t size);
+        protected:
+            virtual void *AllocateImpl(size_t size, size_t align) override;
+            virtual void DeallocateImpl(void *p, size_t size, size_t align) override;
+            virtual bool IsEqualImpl(const MemoryResource &rhs) const override {
+                return false;
+            }
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssrv/fssrv_memory_resource_from_standard_allocator.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/os.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::mem {
+
+    class StandardAllocator;
+
+}
+
+namespace ams::fssrv {
+
+    class MemoryResourceFromStandardAllocator : public ams::MemoryResource {
+        private:
+            mem::StandardAllocator *allocator;
+            os::SdkMutex mutex;
+            size_t peak_free_size;
+            size_t current_free_size;
+            size_t peak_allocated_size;
+        public:
+            explicit MemoryResourceFromStandardAllocator(mem::StandardAllocator *allocator);
+        public:
+            size_t GetPeakFreeSize() const { return this->peak_free_size; }
+            size_t GetCurrentFreeSize() const { return this->current_free_size; }
+            size_t GetPeakAllocatedSize() const { return this->peak_allocated_size; }
+
+            void ClearPeak();
+        protected:
+            virtual void *AllocateImpl(size_t size, size_t align) override;
+            virtual void DeallocateImpl(void *p, size_t size, size_t align) override;
+            virtual bool IsEqualImpl(const MemoryResource &rhs) const override {
+                return false;
+            }
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssrv/fssrv_nca_crypto_configuration.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_nca_file_system_driver.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssrv {
+
+    const ::ams::fssystem::NcaCryptoConfiguration *GetDefaultNcaCryptoConfiguration(bool prod);
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem.hpp

@@ -15,9 +15,10 @@
  */
 
 #pragma once
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_allocator_utility.hpp>
 #include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_utility.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_speed_emulation_configuration.hpp>
 #include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_external_code.hpp>
-#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_acid_sign_key.hpp>
 #include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_partition_file_system.hpp>
 #include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_partition_file_system_meta.hpp>
 #include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_path_tool.hpp>
@@ -28,6 +29,22 @@
 #include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_directory_redirection_filesystem.hpp>
 #include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_directory_savedata_filesystem.hpp>
 #include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_romfs_file_system.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree_template_impl.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_indirect_storage.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_indirect_storage_template_impl.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_sparse_storage.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_nca_header.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_nca_file_system_driver.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_nca_file_system_driver_impl.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_crypto_configuration.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_aes_ctr_counter_extended_storage.hpp>
 #include <stratosphere/fssystem/buffers/fssystem_buffer_manager_utils.hpp>
-#include <stratosphere/fssystem/buffers/fssystem_file_system_buddy_heap.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/buffers/fssystem_file_system_buffer_manager.hpp>
 #include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_pooled_buffer.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_alignment_matching_storage_impl.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_alignment_matching_storage.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/save/fssystem_buffered_storage.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/save/fssystem_hierarchical_integrity_verification_storage.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_integrity_romfs_storage.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_file_system_proxy_api.hpp>

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/buffers/fssystem_buffer_manager_utils.hpp

@@ -87,4 +87,40 @@ namespace ams::fssystem::buffers {
             }
     };
 
+    template<typename IsValidBufferFunction>
+    Result AllocateBufferUsingBufferManagerContext(std::pair<uintptr_t, size_t> *out, fssystem::IBufferManager *buffer_manager, size_t size, const IBufferManager::BufferAttribute attribute, IsValidBufferFunction is_valid_buffer, const char *func_name) {
+        AMS_ASSERT(out != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(buffer_manager != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(func_name != nullptr);
+
+        /* Clear the output. */
+        *out = std::pair<uintptr_t, size_t>(0, 0);
+
+        /* Get the context. */
+        auto context = GetBufferManagerContext();
+
+        auto AllocateBufferImpl = [=]() -> Result {
+            auto buffer = buffer_manager->AllocateBuffer(size, attribute);
+            if (!is_valid_buffer(buffer)) {
+                if (buffer.first != 0) {
+                    buffer_manager->DeallocateBuffer(buffer.first, buffer.second);
+                }
+                return fs::ResultBufferAllocationFailed();
+            }
+            *out = buffer;
+            return ResultSuccess();
+        };
+
+        if (context == nullptr || !context->IsNeedBlocking()) {
+            /* If there's no context (or we don't need to block), just allocate the buffer. */
+            R_TRY(AllocateBufferImpl());
+        } else {
+            /* Otherwise, try to allocate repeatedly. */
+            R_TRY(DoContinuouslyUntilBufferIsAllocated(AllocateBufferImpl, func_name));
+        }
+
+        AMS_ASSERT(out->first != 0);
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
 }

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/buffers/fssystem_file_system_buffer_manager.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/lmem.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_memory_management.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/buffers/fssystem_i_buffer_manager.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/buffers/fssystem_file_system_buddy_heap.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    class FileSystemBufferManager : public IBufferManager {
+        NON_COPYABLE(FileSystemBufferManager);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(FileSystemBufferManager);
+        public:
+            using BuddyHeap = FileSystemBuddyHeap;
+        private:
+            class CacheHandleTable {
+                NON_COPYABLE(CacheHandleTable);
+                NON_MOVEABLE(CacheHandleTable);
+                private:
+                    class Entry {
+                        private:
+                            CacheHandle handle;
+                            uintptr_t address;
+                            size_t size;
+                            BufferAttribute attr;
+                        public:
+                            constexpr void Initialize(CacheHandle h, uintptr_t a, size_t sz, BufferAttribute t) {
+                                this->handle  = h;
+                                this->address = a;
+                                this->size    = sz;
+                                this->attr    = t;
+                            }
+
+                            constexpr CacheHandle GetHandle() const {
+                                return this->handle;
+                            }
+
+                            constexpr uintptr_t GetAddress() const {
+                                return this->address;
+                            }
+
+                            constexpr size_t GetSize() const {
+                                return this->size;
+                            }
+
+                            constexpr BufferAttribute GetBufferAttribute() const {
+                                return this->attr;
+                            }
+                    };
+
+                    class AttrInfo : public util::IntrusiveListBaseNode<AttrInfo>, public ::ams::fs::impl::Newable {
+                        NON_COPYABLE(AttrInfo);
+                        NON_MOVEABLE(AttrInfo);
+                        private:
+                            s32 level;
+                            s32 cache_count;
+                            size_t cache_size;
+                        public:
+                            constexpr AttrInfo(s32 l, s32 cc, size_t cs) : level(l), cache_count(cc), cache_size(cs) {
+                                /* ... */
+                            }
+
+                            constexpr s32 GetLevel() const {
+                                return this->level;
+                            }
+
+                            constexpr s32 GetCacheCount() const {
+                                return this->cache_count;
+                            }
+
+                            constexpr void IncrementCacheCount() {
+                                ++this->cache_count;
+                            }
+
+                            constexpr void DecrementCacheCount() {
+                                --this->cache_count;
+                            }
+
+                            constexpr size_t GetCacheSize() const {
+                                return this->cache_size;
+                            }
+
+                            constexpr void AddCacheSize(size_t diff) {
+                                this->cache_size += diff;
+                            }
+
+                            constexpr void SubtractCacheSize(size_t diff) {
+                                AMS_ASSERT(this->cache_size >= diff);
+                                this->cache_size -= diff;
+                            }
+
+                            using Newable::operator new;
+                            using Newable::operator delete;
+                            static void *operator new(size_t, void *p) {
+                                return p;
+                            }
+
+                            static void operator delete(void *, size_t, void*) { /* ... */ }
+                    };
+
+                    using AttrListTraits = util::IntrusiveListBaseTraits<AttrInfo>;
+                    using AttrList       = typename AttrListTraits::ListType;
+                private:
+                    std::unique_ptr<char[], ::ams::fs::impl::Deleter> internal_entry_buffer;
+                    char *external_entry_buffer;
+                    size_t entry_buffer_size;
+                    Entry *entries;
+                    s32 entry_count;
+                    s32 entry_count_max;
+                    AttrList attr_list;
+                    char *external_attr_info_buffer;
+                    s32 external_attr_info_count;
+                    s32 cache_count_min;
+                    size_t cache_size_min;
+                    size_t total_cache_size;
+                    CacheHandle current_handle;
+                public:
+                    static constexpr size_t QueryWorkBufferSize(s32 max_cache_count) {
+                        AMS_ASSERT(max_cache_count > 0);
+                        const auto entry_size     = sizeof(Entry) * max_cache_count;
+                        const auto attr_list_size = sizeof(AttrInfo) * 0x100;
+                        return util::AlignUp(entry_size + attr_list_size + alignof(Entry) + alignof(AttrInfo), 8);
+                    }
+                public:
+                    CacheHandleTable() : internal_entry_buffer(), external_entry_buffer(), entry_buffer_size(), entries(), entry_count(), entry_count_max(), attr_list(), external_attr_info_buffer(), external_attr_info_count(), cache_count_min(), cache_size_min(), total_cache_size(), current_handle() {
+                        /* ... */
+                    }
+
+                    ~CacheHandleTable() {
+                        this->Finalize();
+                    }
+
+                    Result Initialize(s32 max_cache_count);
+                    Result Initialize(s32 max_cache_count, void *work, size_t work_size) {
+                        const auto aligned_entry_buf = util::AlignUp(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(work), alignof(Entry));
+                        this->external_entry_buffer  = reinterpret_cast<char *>(aligned_entry_buf);
+                        this->entry_buffer_size      = sizeof(Entry) * max_cache_count;
+
+                        const auto aligned_attr_info_buf = util::AlignUp(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(this->external_entry_buffer + this->entry_buffer_size), alignof(AttrInfo));
+                        const auto work_end              = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(work) + work_size;
+                        this->external_attr_info_buffer  = reinterpret_cast<char *>(aligned_attr_info_buf);
+                        this->external_attr_info_count   = static_cast<s32>((work_end - aligned_attr_info_buf) / sizeof(AttrInfo));
+
+                        return ResultSuccess();
+                    }
+
+                    void Finalize();
+
+                    bool Register(CacheHandle *out, uintptr_t address, size_t size, const BufferAttribute &attr);
+                    bool Unregister(uintptr_t *out_address, size_t *out_size, CacheHandle handle);
+
+
+                    bool UnregisterOldest(uintptr_t *out_address, size_t *out_size, const BufferAttribute &attr, size_t required_size = 0);
+
+                    CacheHandle PublishCacheHandle();
+
+                    size_t GetTotalCacheSize() const;
+                private:
+                    void UnregisterCore(uintptr_t *out_address, size_t *out_size, Entry *entry);
+
+                    Entry *AcquireEntry(uintptr_t address, size_t size, const BufferAttribute &attr);
+
+                    void ReleaseEntry(Entry *entry);
+
+                    AttrInfo *FindAttrInfo(const BufferAttribute &attr);
+
+                    s32 GetCacheCountMin(const BufferAttribute &attr) {
+                        return this->cache_count_min;
+                    }
+
+                    size_t GetCacheSizeMin(const BufferAttribute &attr) {
+                        return this->cache_size_min;
+                    }
+            };
+        private:
+            BuddyHeap buddy_heap;
+            CacheHandleTable cache_handle_table;
+            size_t total_size;
+            size_t peak_free_size;
+            size_t peak_total_allocatable_size;
+            size_t retried_count;
+            mutable os::Mutex mutex;
+        public:
+            static constexpr size_t QueryWorkBufferSize(s32 max_cache_count, s32 max_order) {
+                const auto buddy_size = FileSystemBuddyHeap::QueryWorkBufferSize(max_order);
+                const auto table_size = CacheHandleTable::QueryWorkBufferSize(max_cache_count);
+                return buddy_size + table_size;
+            }
+        public:
+            FileSystemBufferManager() : total_size(), peak_free_size(), peak_total_allocatable_size(), retried_count(), mutex(true) { /* ... */ }
+
+            virtual ~FileSystemBufferManager() { /* ... */ }
+
+            Result Initialize(s32 max_cache_count, uintptr_t address, size_t buffer_size, size_t block_size) {
+                AMS_ASSERT(buffer_size > 0);
+                R_TRY(this->cache_handle_table.Initialize(max_cache_count));
+                R_TRY(this->buddy_heap.Initialize(address, buffer_size, block_size));
+
+                this->total_size                  = this->buddy_heap.GetTotalFreeSize();
+                this->peak_free_size              = this->total_size;
+                this->peak_total_allocatable_size = this->total_size;
+
+                return ResultSuccess();
+            }
+
+            Result Initialize(s32 max_cache_count, uintptr_t address, size_t buffer_size, size_t block_size, s32 max_order) {
+                AMS_ASSERT(buffer_size > 0);
+                R_TRY(this->cache_handle_table.Initialize(max_cache_count));
+                R_TRY(this->buddy_heap.Initialize(address, buffer_size, block_size, max_order));
+
+                this->total_size                  = this->buddy_heap.GetTotalFreeSize();
+                this->peak_free_size              = this->total_size;
+                this->peak_total_allocatable_size = this->total_size;
+
+                return ResultSuccess();
+            }
+
+            Result Initialize(s32 max_cache_count, uintptr_t address, size_t buffer_size, size_t block_size, void *work, size_t work_size) {
+                const auto table_size = CacheHandleTable::QueryWorkBufferSize(max_cache_count);
+                const auto buddy_size = work_size - table_size;
+                AMS_ASSERT(work_size > table_size);
+                const auto table_buffer = static_cast<char *>(work);
+                const auto buddy_buffer = table_buffer + table_size;
+
+                R_TRY(this->cache_handle_table.Initialize(max_cache_count, table_buffer, table_size));
+                R_TRY(this->buddy_heap.Initialize(address, buffer_size, block_size, buddy_buffer, buddy_size));
+
+                this->total_size                  = this->buddy_heap.GetTotalFreeSize();
+                this->peak_free_size              = this->total_size;
+                this->peak_total_allocatable_size = this->total_size;
+
+                return ResultSuccess();
+            }
+
+            Result Initialize(s32 max_cache_count, uintptr_t address, size_t buffer_size, size_t block_size, s32 max_order, void *work, size_t work_size) {
+                const auto table_size = CacheHandleTable::QueryWorkBufferSize(max_cache_count);
+                const auto buddy_size = work_size - table_size;
+                AMS_ASSERT(work_size > table_size);
+                const auto table_buffer = static_cast<char *>(work);
+                const auto buddy_buffer = table_buffer + table_size;
+
+                R_TRY(this->cache_handle_table.Initialize(max_cache_count, table_buffer, table_size));
+                R_TRY(this->buddy_heap.Initialize(address, buffer_size, block_size, max_order, buddy_buffer, buddy_size));
+
+                this->total_size                  = this->buddy_heap.GetTotalFreeSize();
+                this->peak_free_size              = this->total_size;
+                this->peak_total_allocatable_size = this->total_size;
+
+                return ResultSuccess();
+            }
+
+            void Finalize() {
+                this->buddy_heap.Finalize();
+                this->cache_handle_table.Finalize();
+            }
+        private:
+            virtual const std::pair<uintptr_t, size_t> AllocateBufferImpl(size_t size, const BufferAttribute &attr) override;
+
+            virtual void DeallocateBufferImpl(uintptr_t address, size_t size) override;
+
+            virtual CacheHandle RegisterCacheImpl(uintptr_t address, size_t size, const BufferAttribute &attr) override;
+
+            virtual const std::pair<uintptr_t, size_t> AcquireCacheImpl(CacheHandle handle) override;
+
+            virtual size_t GetTotalSizeImpl() const override;
+
+            virtual size_t GetFreeSizeImpl() const override;
+
+            virtual size_t GetTotalAllocatableSizeImpl() const override;
+
+            virtual size_t GetPeakFreeSizeImpl() const override;
+
+            virtual size_t GetPeakTotalAllocatableSizeImpl() const override;
+
+            virtual size_t GetRetriedCountImpl() const override;
+
+            virtual void ClearPeakImpl() override;
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/buffers/fssystem_i_buffer_manager.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    class IBufferManager {
+        public:
+            class BufferAttribute {
+                private:
+                    s32 level;
+                public:
+                    constexpr BufferAttribute() : level(0) { /* ... */ }
+                    constexpr explicit BufferAttribute(s32 l) : level(l) { /* ... */ }
+
+                    constexpr s32 GetLevel() const { return this->level; }
+            };
+
+            using CacheHandle = s64;
+
+            static constexpr s32 BufferLevelMin = 0;
+        public:
+            virtual ~IBufferManager() { /* ... */ }
+
+            const std::pair<uintptr_t, size_t> AllocateBuffer(size_t size, const BufferAttribute &attr) {
+                return this->AllocateBufferImpl(size, attr);
+            }
+
+            const std::pair<uintptr_t, size_t> AllocateBuffer(size_t size) {
+                return this->AllocateBufferImpl(size, BufferAttribute());
+            }
+
+            void DeallocateBuffer(uintptr_t address, size_t size) {
+                return this->DeallocateBufferImpl(address, size);
+            }
+
+            CacheHandle RegisterCache(uintptr_t address, size_t size, const BufferAttribute &attr) {
+                return this->RegisterCacheImpl(address, size, attr);
+            }
+
+            const std::pair<uintptr_t, size_t> AcquireCache(CacheHandle handle) {
+                return this->AcquireCacheImpl(handle);
+            }
+
+            size_t GetTotalSize() const {
+                return this->GetTotalSizeImpl();
+            }
+
+            size_t GetFreeSize() const {
+                return this->GetFreeSizeImpl();
+            }
+
+            size_t GetTotalAllocatableSize() const {
+                return this->GetTotalAllocatableSizeImpl();
+            }
+
+            size_t GetPeakFreeSize() const {
+                return this->GetPeakFreeSizeImpl();
+            }
+
+            size_t GetPeakTotalAllocatableSize() const {
+                return this->GetPeakTotalAllocatableSizeImpl();
+            }
+
+            size_t GetRetriedCount() const {
+                return this->GetRetriedCountImpl();
+            }
+
+            void ClearPeak() const {
+                return this->ClearPeak();
+            }
+        protected:
+            virtual const std::pair<uintptr_t, size_t> AllocateBufferImpl(size_t size, const BufferAttribute &attr) = 0;
+
+            virtual void DeallocateBufferImpl(uintptr_t address, size_t size) = 0;
+
+            virtual CacheHandle RegisterCacheImpl(uintptr_t address, size_t size, const BufferAttribute &attr) = 0;
+
+            virtual const std::pair<uintptr_t, size_t> AcquireCacheImpl(CacheHandle handle) = 0;
+
+            virtual size_t GetTotalSizeImpl() const = 0;
+
+            virtual size_t GetFreeSizeImpl() const = 0;
+
+            virtual size_t GetTotalAllocatableSizeImpl() const = 0;
+
+            virtual size_t GetPeakFreeSizeImpl() const = 0;
+
+            virtual size_t GetPeakTotalAllocatableSizeImpl() const = 0;
+
+            virtual size_t GetRetriedCountImpl() const = 0;
+
+            virtual void ClearPeakImpl() = 0;
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/dbm/fssystem_dbm_utils.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem::dbm {
+
+    namespace {
+
+        constexpr inline s32 CountLeadingZeros(u32 val) {
+            return util::CountLeadingZeros(val);
+        }
+
+        constexpr inline s32 CountLeadingOnes(u32 val) {
+            return CountLeadingZeros(~val);
+        }
+
+        inline u32 ReadU32(const u8 *buf, size_t index) {
+            u32 val;
+            std::memcpy(std::addressof(val), buf + index, sizeof(u32));
+            return val;
+        }
+
+        inline void WriteU32(u8 *buf, size_t index, u32 val) {
+            std::memcpy(buf + index, std::addressof(val), sizeof(u32));
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_acid_sign_key.hpp

@@ -1,111 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
- * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
- * more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-#pragma once
-#include <vapours.hpp>
-
-namespace ams::fssystem {
-
-    constexpr inline size_t AcidSignatureKeyGenerationMax = 1;
-
-    constexpr inline size_t AcidSignatureKeyModulusSize = 0x100;
-
-    constexpr inline const u8 AcidSignatureKeyModulusDev[AcidSignatureKeyGenerationMax + 1][AcidSignatureKeyModulusSize] = {
-        {
-            0xD6, 0x34, 0xA5, 0x78, 0x6C, 0x68, 0xCE, 0x5A, 0xC2, 0x37, 0x17, 0xF3, 0x82, 0x45, 0xC6, 0x89,
-            0xE1, 0x2D, 0x06, 0x67, 0xBF, 0xB4, 0x06, 0x19, 0x55, 0x6B, 0x27, 0x66, 0x0C, 0xA4, 0xB5, 0x87,
-            0x81, 0x25, 0xF4, 0x30, 0xBC, 0x53, 0x08, 0x68, 0xA2, 0x48, 0x49, 0x8C, 0x3F, 0x38, 0x40, 0x9C,
-            0xC4, 0x26, 0xF4, 0x79, 0xE2, 0xA1, 0x85, 0xF5, 0x5C, 0x7F, 0x58, 0xBA, 0xA6, 0x1C, 0xA0, 0x8B,
-            0x84, 0x16, 0x14, 0x6F, 0x85, 0xD9, 0x7C, 0xE1, 0x3C, 0x67, 0x22, 0x1E, 0xFB, 0xD8, 0xA7, 0xA5,
-            0x9A, 0xBF, 0xEC, 0x0E, 0xCF, 0x96, 0x7E, 0x85, 0xC2, 0x1D, 0x49, 0x5D, 0x54, 0x26, 0xCB, 0x32,
-            0x7C, 0xF6, 0xBB, 0x58, 0x03, 0x80, 0x2B, 0x5D, 0xF7, 0xFB, 0xD1, 0x9D, 0xC7, 0xC6, 0x2E, 0x53,
-            0xC0, 0x6F, 0x39, 0x2C, 0x1F, 0xA9, 0x92, 0xF2, 0x4D, 0x7D, 0x4E, 0x74, 0xFF, 0xE4, 0xEF, 0xE4,
-            0x7C, 0x3D, 0x34, 0x2A, 0x71, 0xA4, 0x97, 0x59, 0xFF, 0x4F, 0xA2, 0xF4, 0x66, 0x78, 0xD8, 0xBA,
-            0x99, 0xE3, 0xE6, 0xDB, 0x54, 0xB9, 0xE9, 0x54, 0xA1, 0x70, 0xFC, 0x05, 0x1F, 0x11, 0x67, 0x4B,
-            0x26, 0x8C, 0x0C, 0x3E, 0x03, 0xD2, 0xA3, 0x55, 0x5C, 0x7D, 0xC0, 0x5D, 0x9D, 0xFF, 0x13, 0x2F,
-            0xFD, 0x19, 0xBF, 0xED, 0x44, 0xC3, 0x8C, 0xA7, 0x28, 0xCB, 0xE5, 0xE0, 0xB1, 0xA7, 0x9C, 0x33,
-            0x8D, 0xB8, 0x6E, 0xDE, 0x87, 0x18, 0x22, 0x60, 0xC4, 0xAE, 0xF2, 0x87, 0x9F, 0xCE, 0x09, 0x5C,
-            0xB5, 0x99, 0xA5, 0x9F, 0x49, 0xF2, 0xD7, 0x58, 0xFA, 0xF9, 0xC0, 0x25, 0x7D, 0xD6, 0xCB, 0xF3,
-            0xD8, 0x6C, 0xA2, 0x69, 0x91, 0x68, 0x73, 0xB1, 0x94, 0x6F, 0xA3, 0xF3, 0xB9, 0x7D, 0xF8, 0xE0,
-            0x72, 0x9E, 0x93, 0x7B, 0x7A, 0xA2, 0x57, 0x60, 0xB7, 0x5B, 0xA9, 0x84, 0xAE, 0x64, 0x88, 0x69
-        },
-        {
-            0xBC, 0xA5, 0x6A, 0x7E, 0xEA, 0x38, 0x34, 0x62, 0xA6, 0x10, 0x18, 0x3C, 0xE1, 0x63, 0x7B, 0xF0,
-            0xD3, 0x08, 0x8C, 0xF5, 0xC5, 0xC4, 0xC7, 0x93, 0xE9, 0xD9, 0xE6, 0x32, 0xF3, 0xA0, 0xF6, 0x6E,
-            0x8A, 0x98, 0x76, 0x47, 0x33, 0x47, 0x65, 0x02, 0x70, 0xDC, 0x86, 0x5F, 0x3D, 0x61, 0x5A, 0x70,
-            0xBC, 0x5A, 0xCA, 0xCA, 0x50, 0xAD, 0x61, 0x7E, 0xC9, 0xEC, 0x27, 0xFF, 0xE8, 0x64, 0x42, 0x9A,
-            0xEE, 0xBE, 0xC3, 0xD1, 0x0B, 0xC0, 0xE9, 0xBF, 0x83, 0x8D, 0xC0, 0x0C, 0xD8, 0x00, 0x5B, 0x76,
-            0x90, 0xD2, 0x4B, 0x30, 0x84, 0x35, 0x8B, 0x1E, 0x20, 0xB7, 0xE4, 0xDC, 0x63, 0xE5, 0xDF, 0xCD,
-            0x00, 0x5F, 0x81, 0x5F, 0x67, 0xC5, 0x8B, 0xDF, 0xFC, 0xE1, 0x37, 0x5F, 0x07, 0xD9, 0xDE, 0x4F,
-            0xE6, 0x7B, 0xF1, 0xFB, 0xA1, 0x5A, 0x71, 0x40, 0xFE, 0xBA, 0x1E, 0xAE, 0x13, 0x22, 0xD2, 0xFE,
-            0x37, 0xA2, 0xB6, 0x8B, 0xAB, 0xEB, 0x84, 0x81, 0x4E, 0x7C, 0x1E, 0x02, 0xD1, 0xFB, 0xD7, 0x5D,
-            0x11, 0x84, 0x64, 0xD2, 0x4D, 0xBB, 0x50, 0x00, 0x67, 0x54, 0xE2, 0x77, 0x89, 0xBA, 0x0B, 0xE7,
-            0x05, 0x57, 0x9A, 0x22, 0x5A, 0xEC, 0x76, 0x1C, 0xFD, 0xE8, 0xA8, 0x18, 0x16, 0x41, 0x65, 0x03,
-            0xFA, 0xC4, 0xA6, 0x31, 0x5C, 0x1A, 0x7F, 0xAB, 0x11, 0xC8, 0x4A, 0x99, 0xB9, 0xE6, 0xCF, 0x62,
-            0x21, 0xA6, 0x72, 0x47, 0xDB, 0xBA, 0x96, 0x26, 0x4E, 0x2E, 0xD4, 0x8C, 0x46, 0xD6, 0xA7, 0x1A,
-            0x6C, 0x32, 0xA7, 0xDF, 0x85, 0x1C, 0x03, 0xC3, 0x6D, 0xA9, 0xE9, 0x68, 0xF4, 0x17, 0x1E, 0xB2,
-            0x70, 0x2A, 0xA1, 0xE5, 0xE1, 0xF3, 0x8F, 0x6F, 0x63, 0xAC, 0xEB, 0x72, 0x0B, 0x4C, 0x4A, 0x36,
-            0x3C, 0x60, 0x91, 0x9F, 0x6E, 0x1C, 0x71, 0xEA, 0xD0, 0x78, 0x78, 0xA0, 0x2E, 0xC6, 0x32, 0x6B
-        }
-    };
-
-    constexpr inline const u8 AcidSignatureKeyModulusProd[AcidSignatureKeyGenerationMax + 1][AcidSignatureKeyModulusSize] = {
-        {
-            0xDD, 0xC8, 0xDD, 0xF2, 0x4E, 0x6D, 0xF0, 0xCA, 0x9E, 0xC7, 0x5D, 0xC7, 0x7B, 0xAD, 0xFE, 0x7D,
-            0x23, 0x89, 0x69, 0xB6, 0xF2, 0x06, 0xA2, 0x02, 0x88, 0xE1, 0x55, 0x91, 0xAB, 0xCB, 0x4D, 0x50,
-            0x2E, 0xFC, 0x9D, 0x94, 0x76, 0xD6, 0x4C, 0xD8, 0xFF, 0x10, 0xFA, 0x5E, 0x93, 0x0A, 0xB4, 0x57,
-            0xAC, 0x51, 0xC7, 0x16, 0x66, 0xF4, 0x1A, 0x54, 0xC2, 0xC5, 0x04, 0x3D, 0x1B, 0xFE, 0x30, 0x20,
-            0x8A, 0xAC, 0x6F, 0x6F, 0xF5, 0xC7, 0xB6, 0x68, 0xB8, 0xC9, 0x40, 0x6B, 0x42, 0xAD, 0x11, 0x21,
-            0xE7, 0x8B, 0xE9, 0x75, 0x01, 0x86, 0xE4, 0x48, 0x9B, 0x0A, 0x0A, 0xF8, 0x7F, 0xE8, 0x87, 0xF2,
-            0x82, 0x01, 0xE6, 0xA3, 0x0F, 0xE4, 0x66, 0xAE, 0x83, 0x3F, 0x4E, 0x9F, 0x5E, 0x01, 0x30, 0xA4,
-            0x00, 0xB9, 0x9A, 0xAE, 0x5F, 0x03, 0xCC, 0x18, 0x60, 0xE5, 0xEF, 0x3B, 0x5E, 0x15, 0x16, 0xFE,
-            0x1C, 0x82, 0x78, 0xB5, 0x2F, 0x47, 0x7C, 0x06, 0x66, 0x88, 0x5D, 0x35, 0xA2, 0x67, 0x20, 0x10,
-            0xE7, 0x6C, 0x43, 0x68, 0xD3, 0xE4, 0x5A, 0x68, 0x2A, 0x5A, 0xE2, 0x6D, 0x73, 0xB0, 0x31, 0x53,
-            0x1C, 0x20, 0x09, 0x44, 0xF5, 0x1A, 0x9D, 0x22, 0xBE, 0x12, 0xA1, 0x77, 0x11, 0xE2, 0xA1, 0xCD,
-            0x40, 0x9A, 0xA2, 0x8B, 0x60, 0x9B, 0xEF, 0xA0, 0xD3, 0x48, 0x63, 0xA2, 0xF8, 0xA3, 0x2C, 0x08,
-            0x56, 0x52, 0x2E, 0x60, 0x19, 0x67, 0x5A, 0xA7, 0x9F, 0xDC, 0x3F, 0x3F, 0x69, 0x2B, 0x31, 0x6A,
-            0xB7, 0x88, 0x4A, 0x14, 0x84, 0x80, 0x33, 0x3C, 0x9D, 0x44, 0xB7, 0x3F, 0x4C, 0xE1, 0x75, 0xEA,
-            0x37, 0xEA, 0xE8, 0x1E, 0x7C, 0x77, 0xB7, 0xC6, 0x1A, 0xA2, 0xF0, 0x9F, 0x10, 0x61, 0xCD, 0x7B,
-            0x5B, 0x32, 0x4C, 0x37, 0xEF, 0xB1, 0x71, 0x68, 0x53, 0x0A, 0xED, 0x51, 0x7D, 0x35, 0x22, 0xFD
-        },
-        {
-            0xE7, 0xAA, 0x25, 0xC8, 0x01, 0xA5, 0x14, 0x6B, 0x01, 0x60, 0x3E, 0xD9, 0x96, 0x5A, 0xBF, 0x90,
-            0xAC, 0xA7, 0xFD, 0x9B, 0x5B, 0xBD, 0x8A, 0x26, 0xB0, 0xCB, 0x20, 0x28, 0x9A, 0x72, 0x12, 0xF5,
-            0x20, 0x65, 0xB3, 0xB9, 0x84, 0x58, 0x1F, 0x27, 0xBC, 0x7C, 0xA2, 0xC9, 0x9E, 0x18, 0x95, 0xCF,
-            0xC2, 0x73, 0x2E, 0x74, 0x8C, 0x66, 0xE5, 0x9E, 0x79, 0x2B, 0xB8, 0x07, 0x0C, 0xB0, 0x4E, 0x8E,
-            0xAB, 0x85, 0x21, 0x42, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0x6D, 0x88, 0x9C, 0xDB, 0x15, 0x95, 0x3F, 0x80, 0xDB, 0x7A,
-            0x9A, 0x7D, 0x41, 0x56, 0x25, 0x17, 0x18, 0x42, 0x4D, 0x8C, 0xAC, 0xA5, 0x7B, 0xDB, 0x42, 0x5D,
-            0x59, 0x35, 0x45, 0x5D, 0x8A, 0x02, 0xB5, 0x70, 0xC0, 0x72, 0x35, 0x46, 0xD0, 0x1D, 0x60, 0x01,
-            0x4A, 0xCC, 0x1C, 0x46, 0xD3, 0xD6, 0x35, 0x52, 0xD6, 0xE1, 0xF8, 0x3B, 0x5D, 0xEA, 0xDD, 0xB8,
-            0xFE, 0x7D, 0x50, 0xCB, 0x35, 0x23, 0x67, 0x8B, 0xB6, 0xE4, 0x74, 0xD2, 0x60, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0x43,
-            0xBF, 0x91, 0x08, 0x81, 0xC5, 0x4F, 0x5D, 0x16, 0x9A, 0xC4, 0x9A, 0xC6, 0xF6, 0xF3, 0xE1, 0xF6,
-            0x5C, 0x07, 0xAA, 0x71, 0x6C, 0x13, 0xA4, 0xB1, 0xB3, 0x66, 0xBF, 0x90, 0x4C, 0x3D, 0xA2, 0xC4,
-            0x0B, 0xB8, 0x3D, 0x7A, 0x8C, 0x19, 0xFA, 0xFF, 0x6B, 0xB9, 0x1F, 0x02, 0xCC, 0xB6, 0xD3, 0x0C,
-            0x7D, 0x19, 0x1F, 0x47, 0xF9, 0xC7, 0x40, 0x01, 0xFA, 0x46, 0xEA, 0x0B, 0xD4, 0x02, 0xE0, 0x3D,
-            0x30, 0x9A, 0x1A, 0x0F, 0xEA, 0xA7, 0x66, 0x55, 0xF7, 0xCB, 0x28, 0xE2, 0xBB, 0x99, 0xE4, 0x83,
-            0xC3, 0x43, 0x03, 0xEE, 0xDC, 0x1F, 0x02, 0x23, 0xDD, 0xD1, 0x2D, 0x39, 0xA4, 0x65, 0x75, 0x03,
-            0xEF, 0x37, 0x9C, 0x06, 0xD6, 0xFA, 0xA1, 0x15, 0xF0, 0xDB, 0x17, 0x47, 0x26, 0x4F, 0x49, 0x03
-        }
-    };
-
-    static_assert(sizeof(AcidSignatureKeyModulusProd) == sizeof(AcidSignatureKeyModulusDev));
-
-    constexpr inline const u8 AcidSignatureKeyExponent[] = {
-        0x01, 0x00, 0x01
-    };
-
-    constexpr inline size_t AcidSignatureKeyExponentSize = util::size(AcidSignatureKeyExponent);
-
-}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_aes_ctr_counter_extended_storage.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_aes_ctr_storage.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    class AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage : public ::ams::fs::IStorage, public ::ams::fs::impl::Newable {
+        NON_COPYABLE(AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage);
+        public:
+            static constexpr size_t BlockSize = crypto::Aes128CtrEncryptor::BlockSize;
+            static constexpr size_t KeySize   = crypto::Aes128CtrEncryptor::KeySize;
+            static constexpr size_t IvSize    = crypto::Aes128CtrEncryptor::IvSize;
+            static constexpr size_t NodeSize  = 16_KB;
+
+            using IAllocator = BucketTree::IAllocator;
+
+            using DecryptFunction = void(*)(void *dst, size_t dst_size, s32 index, const void *enc_key, size_t enc_key_size, const void *iv, size_t iv_size, const void *src, size_t src_size);
+
+            class IDecryptor {
+                public:
+                    virtual ~IDecryptor() { /* ... */ }
+                    virtual void Decrypt(void *buf, size_t buf_size, const void *enc_key, size_t enc_key_size, void *iv, size_t iv_size) = 0;
+                    virtual bool HasExternalDecryptionKey() const = 0;
+            };
+
+            struct Entry {
+                u8 offset[sizeof(s64)];
+                s32 reserved;
+                s32 generation;
+
+                void SetOffset(s64 value) {
+                    std::memcpy(this->offset, std::addressof(value), sizeof(s64));
+                }
+
+                s64 GetOffset() const {
+                    s64 value;
+                    std::memcpy(std::addressof(value), this->offset, sizeof(s64));
+                    return value;
+                }
+            };
+            static_assert(sizeof(Entry)  == 0x10);
+            static_assert(alignof(Entry) == 4);
+            static_assert(std::is_pod<Entry>::value);
+        public:
+            static constexpr s64 QueryHeaderStorageSize() {
+                return BucketTree::QueryHeaderStorageSize();
+            }
+
+            static constexpr s64 QueryNodeStorageSize(s32 entry_count) {
+                return BucketTree::QueryNodeStorageSize(NodeSize, sizeof(Entry), entry_count);
+            }
+
+            static constexpr s64 QueryEntryStorageSize(s32 entry_count) {
+                return BucketTree::QueryEntryStorageSize(NodeSize, sizeof(Entry), entry_count);
+            }
+
+            static Result CreateExternalDecryptor(std::unique_ptr<IDecryptor> *out, DecryptFunction func, s32 key_index);
+            static Result CreateSoftwareDecryptor(std::unique_ptr<IDecryptor> *out);
+        private:
+            BucketTree table;
+            fs::SubStorage data_storage;
+            u8 key[KeySize];
+            u32 secure_value;
+            s64 counter_offset;
+            std::unique_ptr<IDecryptor> decryptor;
+        public:
+            AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage() : table(), data_storage(), secure_value(), counter_offset(), decryptor() { /* ... */ }
+            virtual ~AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage() { this->Finalize(); }
+
+            Result Initialize(IAllocator *allocator, const void *key, size_t key_size, u32 secure_value, s64 counter_offset, fs::SubStorage data_storage, fs::SubStorage node_storage, fs::SubStorage entry_storage, s32 entry_count, std::unique_ptr<IDecryptor> &&decryptor);
+            void Finalize();
+
+            bool IsInitialized() const { return this->table.IsInitialized(); }
+
+            virtual Result Read(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size) override;
+            virtual Result OperateRange(void *dst, size_t dst_size, fs::OperationId op_id, s64 offset, s64 size, const void *src, size_t src_size) override;
+
+            virtual Result GetSize(s64 *out) override {
+                AMS_ASSERT(out != nullptr);
+                *out = this->table.GetSize();
+                return ResultSuccess();
+            }
+
+            virtual Result Flush() override {
+                return ResultSuccess();
+            }
+
+            virtual Result Write(s64 offset, const void *buffer, size_t size) override {
+                return fs::ResultUnsupportedOperationInAesCtrCounterExtendedStorageA();
+            }
+
+            virtual Result SetSize(s64 size) override {
+                return fs::ResultUnsupportedOperationInAesCtrCounterExtendedStorageB();
+            }
+        private:
+            Result Initialize(IAllocator *allocator, const void *key, size_t key_size, u32 secure_value, fs::SubStorage data_storage, fs::SubStorage table_storage);
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_alignment_matching_storage.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_istorage.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/impl/fs_newable.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_alignment_matching_storage_impl.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_pooled_buffer.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    template<size_t _DataAlign, size_t _BufferAlign>
+    class AlignmentMatchingStorage : public ::ams::fs::IStorage, public ::ams::fs::impl::Newable {
+        NON_COPYABLE(AlignmentMatchingStorage);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(AlignmentMatchingStorage);
+        public:
+            static constexpr size_t DataAlign   = _DataAlign;
+            static constexpr size_t BufferAlign = _BufferAlign;
+
+            static constexpr size_t DataAlignMax = 0x200;
+            static_assert(DataAlign <= DataAlignMax);
+            static_assert(util::IsPowerOfTwo(DataAlign));
+            static_assert(util::IsPowerOfTwo(BufferAlign));
+        private:
+            std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> shared_base_storage;
+            fs::IStorage * const base_storage;
+            s64 base_storage_size;
+            bool is_base_storage_size_dirty;
+        public:
+            explicit AlignmentMatchingStorage(fs::IStorage *bs) : base_storage(bs), is_base_storage_size_dirty(true) {
+                /* ... */
+            }
+
+            explicit AlignmentMatchingStorage(std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> bs) : shared_base_storage(bs), base_storage(shared_base_storage.get()), is_base_storage_size_dirty(true) {
+                /* ... */
+            }
+
+            virtual Result Read(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size) override {
+                /* Allocate a work buffer on stack. */
+                __attribute__((aligned(DataAlignMax))) char work_buf[DataAlign];
+                static_assert(util::IsAligned(alignof(work_buf), BufferAlign));
+
+                /* Succeed if zero size. */
+                R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+                /* Validate arguments. */
+                R_UNLESS(buffer != nullptr, fs::ResultNullptrArgument());
+
+                s64 bs_size = 0;
+                R_TRY(this->GetSize(std::addressof(bs_size)));
+                R_UNLESS(fs::IStorage::IsRangeValid(offset, size, bs_size), fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+                return AlignmentMatchingStorageImpl::Read(this->base_storage, work_buf, sizeof(work_buf), DataAlign, BufferAlign, offset, static_cast<char *>(buffer), size);
+            }
+
+            virtual Result Write(s64 offset, const void *buffer, size_t size) override {
+                /* Allocate a work buffer on stack. */
+                __attribute__((aligned(DataAlignMax))) char work_buf[DataAlign];
+                static_assert(util::IsAligned(alignof(work_buf), BufferAlign));
+
+                /* Succeed if zero size. */
+                R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+                /* Validate arguments. */
+                R_UNLESS(buffer != nullptr, fs::ResultNullptrArgument());
+
+                s64 bs_size = 0;
+                R_TRY(this->GetSize(std::addressof(bs_size)));
+                R_UNLESS(fs::IStorage::IsRangeValid(offset, size, bs_size), fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+                return AlignmentMatchingStorageImpl::Write(this->base_storage, work_buf, sizeof(work_buf), DataAlign, BufferAlign, offset, static_cast<const char *>(buffer), size);
+            }
+
+            virtual Result Flush() override {
+                return this->base_storage->Flush();
+            }
+
+            virtual Result SetSize(s64 size) override {
+                ON_SCOPE_EXIT { this->is_base_storage_size_dirty = true; };
+                return this->base_storage->SetSize(util::AlignUp(size, DataAlign));
+            }
+
+            virtual Result GetSize(s64 *out) override {
+                AMS_ASSERT(out != nullptr);
+
+                if (this->is_base_storage_size_dirty) {
+                    s64 size;
+                    R_TRY(this->base_storage->GetSize(std::addressof(size)));
+
+                    this->base_storage_size = size;
+                    this->is_base_storage_size_dirty = false;
+                }
+
+                *out = this->base_storage_size;
+                return ResultSuccess();
+            }
+
+            virtual Result OperateRange(void *dst, size_t dst_size, fs::OperationId op_id, s64 offset, s64 size, const void *src, size_t src_size) override {
+                /* Succeed if zero size. */
+                R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+                /* Get the base storage size. */
+                s64 bs_size = 0;
+                R_TRY(this->GetSize(std::addressof(bs_size)));
+                R_UNLESS(fs::IStorage::IsOffsetAndSizeValid(offset, size), fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+                /* Operate on the base storage. */
+                const auto valid_size         = std::min(size, bs_size - offset);
+                const auto aligned_offset     = util::AlignDown(offset, DataAlign);
+                const auto aligned_offset_end = util::AlignUp(offset + valid_size, DataAlign);
+                const auto aligned_size       = aligned_offset_end - aligned_offset;
+
+                return this->base_storage->OperateRange(dst, dst_size, op_id, aligned_offset, aligned_size, src, src_size);
+            }
+    };
+
+    template<size_t _BufferAlign>
+    class AlignmentMatchingStoragePooledBuffer : public ::ams::fs::IStorage, public ::ams::fs::impl::Newable {
+        NON_COPYABLE(AlignmentMatchingStoragePooledBuffer);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(AlignmentMatchingStoragePooledBuffer);
+        public:
+            static constexpr size_t BufferAlign = _BufferAlign;
+
+            static_assert(util::IsPowerOfTwo(BufferAlign));
+        private:
+            fs::IStorage * const base_storage;
+            s64 base_storage_size;
+            size_t data_align;
+            bool is_base_storage_size_dirty;
+        public:
+            explicit AlignmentMatchingStoragePooledBuffer(fs::IStorage *bs, size_t da) : base_storage(bs), data_align(da), is_base_storage_size_dirty(true) {
+                AMS_ASSERT(util::IsPowerOfTwo(da));
+            }
+
+            virtual Result Read(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size) override {
+                /* Succeed if zero size. */
+                R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+                /* Validate arguments. */
+                R_UNLESS(buffer != nullptr, fs::ResultNullptrArgument());
+
+                s64 bs_size = 0;
+                R_TRY(this->GetSize(std::addressof(bs_size)));
+                R_UNLESS(fs::IStorage::IsRangeValid(offset, size, bs_size), fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+                /* Allocate a pooled buffer. */
+                PooledBuffer pooled_buffer;
+                pooled_buffer.AllocateParticularlyLarge(this->data_align, this->data_align);
+
+                return AlignmentMatchingStorageImpl::Read(this->base_storage, pooled_buffer.GetBuffer(), pooled_buffer.GetSize(), this->data_align, BufferAlign, offset, static_cast<char *>(buffer), size);
+            }
+
+            virtual Result Write(s64 offset, const void *buffer, size_t size) override {
+                /* Succeed if zero size. */
+                R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+                /* Validate arguments. */
+                R_UNLESS(buffer != nullptr, fs::ResultNullptrArgument());
+
+                s64 bs_size = 0;
+                R_TRY(this->GetSize(std::addressof(bs_size)));
+                R_UNLESS(fs::IStorage::IsRangeValid(offset, size, bs_size), fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+                /* Allocate a pooled buffer. */
+                PooledBuffer pooled_buffer;
+                pooled_buffer.AllocateParticularlyLarge(this->data_align, this->data_align);
+
+                return AlignmentMatchingStorageImpl::Write(this->base_storage, pooled_buffer.GetBuffer(), pooled_buffer.GetSize(), this->data_align, BufferAlign, offset, static_cast<const char *>(buffer), size);
+            }
+
+            virtual Result Flush() override {
+                return this->base_storage->Flush();
+            }
+
+            virtual Result SetSize(s64 size) override {
+                ON_SCOPE_EXIT { this->is_base_storage_size_dirty = true; };
+                return this->base_storage->SetSize(util::AlignUp(size, this->data_align));
+            }
+
+            virtual Result GetSize(s64 *out) override {
+                AMS_ASSERT(out != nullptr);
+
+                if (this->is_base_storage_size_dirty) {
+                    s64 size;
+                    R_TRY(this->base_storage->GetSize(std::addressof(size)));
+
+                    this->base_storage_size = size;
+                    this->is_base_storage_size_dirty = false;
+                }
+
+                *out = this->base_storage_size;
+                return ResultSuccess();
+            }
+
+            virtual Result OperateRange(void *dst, size_t dst_size, fs::OperationId op_id, s64 offset, s64 size, const void *src, size_t src_size) override {
+                /* Succeed if zero size. */
+                R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+                /* Get the base storage size. */
+                s64 bs_size = 0;
+                R_TRY(this->GetSize(std::addressof(bs_size)));
+                R_UNLESS(fs::IStorage::IsOffsetAndSizeValid(offset, size), fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+                /* Operate on the base storage. */
+                const auto valid_size         = std::min(size, bs_size - offset);
+                const auto aligned_offset     = util::AlignDown(offset, this->data_align);
+                const auto aligned_offset_end = util::AlignUp(offset + valid_size, this->data_align);
+                const auto aligned_size       = aligned_offset_end - aligned_offset;
+
+                return this->base_storage->OperateRange(dst, dst_size, op_id, aligned_offset, aligned_size, src, src_size);
+            }
+    };
+
+    template<size_t _BufferAlign>
+    class AlignmentMatchingStorageInBulkRead : public ::ams::fs::IStorage, public ::ams::fs::impl::Newable {
+        NON_COPYABLE(AlignmentMatchingStorageInBulkRead);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(AlignmentMatchingStorageInBulkRead);
+        public:
+            static constexpr size_t BufferAlign = _BufferAlign;
+
+            static_assert(util::IsPowerOfTwo(BufferAlign));
+        private:
+            std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> shared_base_storage;
+            fs::IStorage * const base_storage;
+            s64 base_storage_size;
+            size_t data_align;
+        public:
+            explicit AlignmentMatchingStorageInBulkRead(fs::IStorage *bs, size_t da) : shared_base_storage(), base_storage(bs), base_storage_size(-1), data_align(da) {
+                AMS_ASSERT(util::IsPowerOfTwo(this->data_align));
+            }
+
+            explicit AlignmentMatchingStorageInBulkRead(std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> bs, size_t da) : shared_base_storage(bs), base_storage(shared_base_storage.get()), base_storage_size(-1), data_align(da) {
+                AMS_ASSERT(util::IsPowerOfTwo(da));
+            }
+
+            virtual Result Read(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size) override;
+
+            virtual Result Write(s64 offset, const void *buffer, size_t size) override {
+                /* Succeed if zero size. */
+                R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+                /* Validate arguments. */
+                R_UNLESS(buffer != nullptr, fs::ResultNullptrArgument());
+
+                s64 bs_size = 0;
+                R_TRY(this->GetSize(std::addressof(bs_size)));
+                R_UNLESS(fs::IStorage::IsRangeValid(offset, size, bs_size), fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+                /* Allocate a pooled buffer. */
+                PooledBuffer pooled_buffer(this->data_align, this->data_align);
+                return AlignmentMatchingStorageImpl::Write(this->base_storage, pooled_buffer.GetBuffer(), pooled_buffer.GetSize(), this->data_align, BufferAlign, offset, static_cast<const char *>(buffer), size);
+            }
+
+            virtual Result Flush() override {
+                return this->base_storage->Flush();
+            }
+
+            virtual Result SetSize(s64 size) override {
+                ON_SCOPE_EXIT { this->base_storage_size = -1; };
+                return this->base_storage->SetSize(util::AlignUp(size, this->data_align));
+            }
+
+            virtual Result GetSize(s64 *out) override {
+                AMS_ASSERT(out != nullptr);
+
+                if (this->base_storage_size < 0) {
+                    s64 size;
+                    R_TRY(this->base_storage->GetSize(std::addressof(size)));
+
+                    this->base_storage_size = size;
+                }
+
+                *out = this->base_storage_size;
+                return ResultSuccess();
+            }
+
+            virtual Result OperateRange(void *dst, size_t dst_size, fs::OperationId op_id, s64 offset, s64 size, const void *src, size_t src_size) override {
+                /* Succeed if zero size. */
+                R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+                /* Get the base storage size. */
+                s64 bs_size = 0;
+                R_TRY(this->GetSize(std::addressof(bs_size)));
+                R_UNLESS(fs::IStorage::IsOffsetAndSizeValid(offset, size), fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+                /* Operate on the base storage. */
+                const auto valid_size         = std::min(size, bs_size - offset);
+                const auto aligned_offset     = util::AlignDown(offset, this->data_align);
+                const auto aligned_offset_end = util::AlignUp(offset + valid_size, this->data_align);
+                const auto aligned_size       = aligned_offset_end - aligned_offset;
+
+                return this->base_storage->OperateRange(dst, dst_size, op_id, aligned_offset, aligned_size, src, src_size);
+            }
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_alignment_matching_storage_impl.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_istorage.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    class AlignmentMatchingStorageImpl {
+        public:
+            static Result Read(fs::IStorage *base_storage, char *work_buf, size_t work_buf_size, size_t data_alignment, size_t buffer_alignment, s64 offset, char *buffer, size_t size);
+            static Result Write(fs::IStorage *base_storage, char *work_buf, size_t work_buf_size, size_t data_alignment, size_t buffer_alignment, s64 offset, const char *buffer, size_t size);
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_allocator_utility.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    using AllocateFunction   = void *(*)(size_t size);
+    using DeallocateFunction = void (*)(void *ptr, size_t size);
+
+    void InitializeAllocator(AllocateFunction allocate_func, DeallocateFunction deallocate_func);
+
+    void *Allocate(size_t size);
+    void Deallocate(void *ptr, size_t size);
+
+    template<typename T>
+    class StdAllocator : public std::allocator<T> {
+        public:
+            StdAllocator() { /* ... */ }
+            StdAllocator(const StdAllocator &) { /* ... */ }
+            template<class U>
+            StdAllocator(const StdAllocator<U> &) { /* ... */ }
+
+            template<typename U>
+            struct rebind {
+                using other = StdAllocator<U>;
+            };
+
+            T *Allocate(size_t size, const T *hint = nullptr) {
+                return static_cast<T *>(::ams::fssystem::Allocate(sizeof(T) * size));
+            }
+
+            void Deallocate(T *ptr, size_t size) {
+                return ::ams::fssystem::Deallocate(ptr, sizeof(T) * size);
+            }
+
+            ALWAYS_INLINE T *allocate(size_t size, const T *hint = nullptr) { return this->Allocate(size, hint); }
+            ALWAYS_INLINE void deallocate(T *ptr, size_t size) { return this->Deallocate(ptr, size); }
+    };
+
+    template<typename T>
+    std::shared_ptr<T> AllocateShared() {
+        return std::allocate_shared<T>(StdAllocator<T>{});
+    }
+
+    template<typename T, typename... Args>
+    std::shared_ptr<T> AllocateShared(Args &&... args) {
+        return std::allocate_shared<T>(StdAllocator<T>{}, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,330 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_substorage.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    class BucketTree {
+        NON_COPYABLE(BucketTree);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(BucketTree);
+        public:
+            static constexpr u32 Magic   = util::FourCC<'B','K','T','R'>::Code;
+            static constexpr u32 Version = 1;
+
+            static constexpr size_t NodeSizeMin = 1_KB;
+            static constexpr size_t NodeSizeMax = 512_KB;
+        public:
+            class Visitor;
+
+            struct Header {
+                u32 magic;
+                u32 version;
+                s32 entry_count;
+                s32 reserved;
+
+                void Format(s32 entry_count);
+                Result Verify() const;
+            };
+            static_assert(std::is_pod<Header>::value);
+            static_assert(sizeof(Header) == 0x10);
+
+            struct NodeHeader {
+                s32 index;
+                s32 count;
+                s64 offset;
+
+                Result Verify(s32 node_index, size_t node_size, size_t entry_size) const;
+            };
+            static_assert(std::is_pod<NodeHeader>::value);
+            static_assert(sizeof(NodeHeader) == 0x10);
+
+            class ContinuousReadingInfo {
+                private:
+                    size_t read_size;
+                    s32 skip_count;
+                    bool done;
+                public:
+                    constexpr ContinuousReadingInfo() : read_size(), skip_count(), done() { /* ... */ }
+
+                    constexpr void Reset() { this->read_size = 0; this->skip_count = 0; this->done = false; }
+
+                    constexpr void SetSkipCount(s32 count) { AMS_ASSERT(count >= 0); this->skip_count = count; }
+                    constexpr s32 GetSkipCount() const { return this->skip_count; }
+                    constexpr bool CheckNeedScan() { return (--this->skip_count) <= 0; }
+
+                    constexpr void Done() { this->read_size = 0; this->done = true; }
+                    constexpr bool IsDone() const { return this->done; }
+
+                    constexpr void SetReadSize(size_t size) { this->read_size = size; }
+                    constexpr size_t GetReadSize() const { return this->read_size; }
+                    constexpr bool CanDo() const { return this->read_size > 0; }
+            };
+
+            using IAllocator = MemoryResource;
+        private:
+            class NodeBuffer {
+                NON_COPYABLE(NodeBuffer);
+                private:
+                    IAllocator *allocator;
+                    void *header;
+                public:
+                    NodeBuffer() : allocator(), header() { /* ... */ }
+
+                    ~NodeBuffer() {
+                        AMS_ASSERT(this->header == nullptr);
+                    }
+
+                    NodeBuffer(NodeBuffer &&rhs) : allocator(rhs.allocator), header(rhs.allocator) {
+                        rhs.allocator = nullptr;
+                        rhs.header = nullptr;
+                    }
+
+                    NodeBuffer &operator=(NodeBuffer &&rhs) {
+                        if (this != std::addressof(rhs)) {
+                            AMS_ASSERT(this->header == nullptr);
+
+                            this->allocator = rhs.allocator;
+                            this->header    = rhs.header;
+
+                            rhs.allocator   = nullptr;
+                            rhs.header      = nullptr;
+                        }
+                        return *this;
+                    }
+
+                    bool Allocate(IAllocator *allocator, size_t node_size) {
+                        AMS_ASSERT(this->header == nullptr);
+
+                        this->allocator = allocator;
+                        this->header    = allocator->Allocate(node_size, sizeof(s64));
+
+                        AMS_ASSERT(util::IsAligned(this->header, sizeof(s64)));
+
+                        return this->header != nullptr;
+                    }
+
+                    void Free(size_t node_size) {
+                        if (this->header) {
+                            this->allocator->Deallocate(this->header, node_size);
+                            this->header = nullptr;
+                        }
+                        this->allocator = nullptr;
+                    }
+
+                    void FillSzero(size_t node_size) const {
+                        if (this->header) {
+                            std::memset(this->header, 0, node_size);
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    NodeHeader *Get() const {
+                        return reinterpret_cast<NodeHeader *>(this->header);
+                    }
+
+                    NodeHeader *operator->() const { return this->Get(); }
+
+                    template<typename T>
+                    T *Get() const {
+                        static_assert(std::is_pod<T>::value);
+                        static_assert(sizeof(T) == sizeof(NodeHeader));
+                        return reinterpret_cast<T *>(this->header);
+                    }
+
+                    IAllocator *GetAllocator() const {
+                        return this->allocator;
+                    }
+            };
+        private:
+            static constexpr s32 GetEntryCount(size_t node_size, size_t entry_size) {
+                return static_cast<s32>((node_size - sizeof(NodeHeader)) / entry_size);
+            }
+
+            static constexpr s32 GetOffsetCount(size_t node_size) {
+                return static_cast<s32>((node_size - sizeof(NodeHeader)) / sizeof(s64));
+            }
+
+            static constexpr s32 GetEntrySetCount(size_t node_size, size_t entry_size, s32 entry_count) {
+                const s32 entry_count_per_node = GetEntryCount(node_size, entry_size);
+                return util::DivideUp(entry_count, entry_count_per_node);
+            }
+
+            static constexpr s32 GetNodeL2Count(size_t node_size, size_t entry_size, s32 entry_count) {
+                const s32 offset_count_per_node = GetOffsetCount(node_size);
+                const s32 entry_set_count       = GetEntrySetCount(node_size, entry_size, entry_count);
+
+                if (entry_set_count <= offset_count_per_node) {
+                    return 0;
+                }
+
+                const s32 node_l2_count = util::DivideUp(entry_set_count, offset_count_per_node);
+                AMS_ABORT_UNLESS(node_l2_count <= offset_count_per_node);
+
+                return util::DivideUp(entry_set_count - (offset_count_per_node - (node_l2_count - 1)), offset_count_per_node);
+            }
+        public:
+            static constexpr s64 QueryHeaderStorageSize() { return sizeof(Header); }
+
+            static constexpr s64 QueryNodeStorageSize(size_t node_size, size_t entry_size, s32 entry_count) {
+                AMS_ASSERT(entry_size >= sizeof(s64));
+                AMS_ASSERT(node_size >= entry_size + sizeof(NodeHeader));
+                AMS_ASSERT(NodeSizeMin <= node_size && node_size <= NodeSizeMax);
+                AMS_ASSERT(util::IsPowerOfTwo(node_size));
+                AMS_ASSERT(entry_count >= 0);
+
+                if (entry_count <= 0) {
+                    return 0;
+                }
+                return (1 + GetNodeL2Count(node_size, entry_size, entry_count)) * static_cast<s64>(node_size);
+            }
+
+            static constexpr s64 QueryEntryStorageSize(size_t node_size, size_t entry_size, s32 entry_count) {
+                AMS_ASSERT(entry_size >= sizeof(s64));
+                AMS_ASSERT(node_size >= entry_size + sizeof(NodeHeader));
+                AMS_ASSERT(NodeSizeMin <= node_size && node_size <= NodeSizeMax);
+                AMS_ASSERT(util::IsPowerOfTwo(node_size));
+                AMS_ASSERT(entry_count >= 0);
+
+                if (entry_count <= 0) {
+                    return 0;
+                }
+                return GetEntrySetCount(node_size, entry_size, entry_count) * static_cast<s64>(node_size);
+            }
+        private:
+            mutable fs::SubStorage node_storage;
+            mutable fs::SubStorage entry_storage;
+            NodeBuffer node_l1;
+            size_t node_size;
+            size_t entry_size;
+            s32 entry_count;
+            s32 offset_count;
+            s32 entry_set_count;
+            s64 start_offset;
+            s64 end_offset;
+        public:
+            BucketTree() : node_storage(), entry_storage(), node_l1(), node_size(), entry_size(), entry_count(), offset_count(), entry_set_count(), start_offset(), end_offset() { /* ... */ }
+            ~BucketTree() { this->Finalize(); }
+
+            Result Initialize(IAllocator *allocator, fs::SubStorage node_storage, fs::SubStorage entry_storage, size_t node_size, size_t entry_size, s32 entry_count);
+            void Initialize(size_t node_size, s64 end_offset);
+            void Finalize();
+
+            bool IsInitialized() const { return this->node_size > 0; }
+            bool IsEmpty() const { return this->entry_size == 0; }
+
+            Result Find(Visitor *visitor, s64 virtual_address) const;
+            Result InvalidateCache();
+
+            s32 GetEntryCount() const { return this->entry_count; }
+            IAllocator *GetAllocator() const { return this->node_l1.GetAllocator(); }
+
+            s64 GetStart() const { return this->start_offset; }
+            s64 GetEnd() const { return this->end_offset; }
+            s64 GetSize() const { return this->end_offset - this->start_offset; }
+
+            bool Includes(s64 offset) const {
+                return this->start_offset <= offset && offset < this->end_offset;
+            }
+
+            bool Includes(s64 offset, s64 size) const {
+                return size > 0 && this->start_offset <= offset && size <= this->end_offset - offset;
+            }
+        private:
+            template<typename EntryType>
+            struct ContinuousReadingParam {
+                s64 offset;
+                size_t size;
+                NodeHeader entry_set;
+                s32 entry_index;
+                EntryType entry;
+            };
+        private:
+            template<typename EntryType>
+            Result ScanContinuousReading(ContinuousReadingInfo *out_info, const ContinuousReadingParam<EntryType> &param) const;
+
+            bool IsExistL2() const { return this->offset_count < this->entry_set_count; }
+            bool IsExistOffsetL2OnL1() const { return this->IsExistL2() && this->node_l1->count < this->offset_count; }
+
+            s64 GetEntrySetIndex(s32 node_index, s32 offset_index) const {
+                return (this->offset_count - this->node_l1->count) + (this->offset_count * node_index) + offset_index;
+            }
+    };
+
+    class BucketTree::Visitor {
+        NON_COPYABLE(Visitor);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(Visitor);
+        private:
+            friend class BucketTree;
+
+            union EntrySetHeader {
+                NodeHeader header;
+                struct Info {
+                    s32 index;
+                    s32 count;
+                    s64 end;
+                    s64 start;
+                } info;
+                static_assert(std::is_pod<Info>::value);
+            };
+            static_assert(std::is_pod<EntrySetHeader>::value);
+        private:
+            const BucketTree *tree;
+            void *entry;
+            s32 entry_index;
+            s32 entry_set_count;
+            EntrySetHeader entry_set;
+        public:
+            constexpr Visitor() : tree(), entry(), entry_index(-1), entry_set_count(), entry_set{} { /* ... */ }
+            ~Visitor() {
+                if (this->entry != nullptr) {
+                    this->tree->GetAllocator()->Deallocate(this->entry, this->tree->entry_size);
+                    this->tree  = nullptr;
+                    this->entry = nullptr;
+                }
+            }
+
+            bool IsValid() const { return this->entry_index >= 0; }
+            bool CanMoveNext() const { return this->IsValid() && (this->entry_index + 1 < this->entry_set.info.count || this->entry_set.info.index + 1 < this->entry_set.info.count); }
+            bool CanMovePrevious() const { return this->IsValid() && (this->entry_index > 0 || this->entry_set.info.index > 0); }
+
+            Result MoveNext();
+            Result MovePrevious();
+
+            template<typename EntryType>
+            Result ScanContinuousReading(ContinuousReadingInfo *out_info, s64 offset, size_t size) const;
+
+            const void *Get() const { AMS_ASSERT(this->IsValid()); return this->entry; }
+
+            template<typename T>
+            const T *Get() const { AMS_ASSERT(this->IsValid()); return reinterpret_cast<const T *>(this->entry); }
+
+            const BucketTree *GetTree() const { return this->tree; }
+        private:
+            Result Initialize(const BucketTree *tree);
+
+            Result Find(s64 virtual_address);
+
+            Result FindEntrySet(s32 *out_index, s64 virtual_address, s32 node_index);
+            Result FindEntrySetWithBuffer(s32 *out_index, s64 virtual_address, s32 node_index, char *buffer);
+            Result FindEntrySetWithoutBuffer(s32 *out_index, s64 virtual_address, s32 node_index);
+
+            Result FindEntry(s64 virtual_address, s32 entry_set_index);
+            Result FindEntryWithBuffer(s64 virtual_address, s32 entry_set_index, char *buffer);
+            Result FindEntryWithoutBuffer(s64 virtual_address, s32 entry_set_index);
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree_template_impl.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_pooled_buffer.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree_utils.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    template<typename EntryType>
+    Result BucketTree::ScanContinuousReading(ContinuousReadingInfo *out_info, const ContinuousReadingParam<EntryType> &param) const {
+        static_assert(std::is_pod<ContinuousReadingParam<EntryType>>::value);
+
+        /* Validate our preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+        AMS_ASSERT(out_info != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->entry_size == sizeof(EntryType));
+
+        /* Reset the output. */
+        out_info->Reset();
+
+        /* If there's nothing to read, we're done. */
+        R_SUCCEED_IF(param.size == 0);
+
+        /* If we're reading a fragment, we're done. */
+        R_SUCCEED_IF(param.entry.IsFragment());
+
+        /* Validate the first entry. */
+        auto entry = param.entry;
+        auto cur_offset  = param.offset;
+        R_UNLESS(entry.GetVirtualOffset() <= cur_offset, fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+        /* Create a pooled buffer for our scan. */
+        PooledBuffer pool(this->node_size, 1);
+        char *buffer = nullptr;
+
+        /* Read the node. */
+        if (this->node_size <= pool.GetSize()) {
+            buffer = pool.GetBuffer();
+            const auto ofs = param.entry_set.index * static_cast<s64>(this->node_size);
+            R_TRY(this->entry_storage.Read(ofs, buffer, this->node_size));
+        }
+
+        /* Calculate extents. */
+        const auto end_offset = cur_offset + static_cast<s64>(param.size);
+        s64 phys_offset       = entry.GetPhysicalOffset();
+
+        /* Start merge tracking. */
+        s64 merge_size = 0;
+        s64 readable_size = 0;
+        bool merged = false;
+
+        /* Iterate. */
+        auto entry_index = param.entry_index;
+        for (const auto entry_count = param.entry_set.count; entry_index < entry_count; ++entry_index) {
+            /* If we're past the end, we're done. */
+            if (end_offset <= cur_offset) {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            /* Validate the entry offset. */
+            const auto entry_offset = entry.GetVirtualOffset();
+            R_UNLESS(entry_offset <= cur_offset, fs::ResultInvalidIndirectEntryOffset());
+
+            /* Get the next entry. */
+            EntryType next_entry = {};
+            s64 next_entry_offset;
+
+            if (entry_index + 1 < entry_count) {
+                if (buffer != nullptr) {
+                    const auto ofs = impl::GetBucketTreeEntryOffset(0, this->entry_size, entry_index + 1);
+                    std::memcpy(std::addressof(next_entry), buffer + ofs, this->entry_size);
+                } else {
+                    const auto ofs = impl::GetBucketTreeEntryOffset(param.entry_set.index, this->node_size, this->entry_size, entry_index + 1);
+                    R_TRY(this->entry_storage.Read(ofs, std::addressof(next_entry), this->entry_size));
+                }
+
+                next_entry_offset = next_entry.GetVirtualOffset();
+                R_UNLESS(this->Includes(next_entry_offset), fs::ResultInvalidIndirectEntryOffset());
+            } else {
+                next_entry_offset = param.entry_set.offset;
+            }
+
+            /* Validate the next entry offset. */
+            R_UNLESS(cur_offset < next_entry_offset, fs::ResultInvalidIndirectEntryOffset());
+
+            /* Determine the much data there is. */
+            const auto data_size = next_entry_offset - cur_offset;
+            AMS_ASSERT(data_size > 0);
+
+            /* Determine how much data we should read. */
+            const auto remaining_size = end_offset - cur_offset;
+            const size_t read_size = static_cast<size_t>(std::min(data_size, remaining_size));
+            AMS_ASSERT(read_size <= param.size);
+
+            /* Update our merge tracking. */
+            if (entry.IsFragment()) {
+                /* If we can't merge, stop looping. */
+                if (EntryType::FragmentSizeMax <= read_size || remaining_size <= data_size) {
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                /* Otherwise, add the current size to the merge size. */
+                merge_size += read_size;
+            } else {
+                /*  If we can't merge, stop looping. */
+                if (phys_offset != entry.GetPhysicalOffset()) {
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                /* Add the size to the readable amount. */
+                readable_size += merge_size + read_size;
+                AMS_ASSERT(readable_size <= static_cast<s64>(param.size));
+
+                /* Update whether we've merged. */
+                merged |= merge_size > 0;
+                merge_size = 0;
+            }
+
+            /* Advance. */
+            cur_offset += read_size;
+            AMS_ASSERT(cur_offset <= end_offset);
+
+            phys_offset += next_entry_offset - entry_offset;
+            entry = next_entry;
+        }
+
+        /* If we merged, set our readable size. */
+        if (merged) {
+            out_info->SetReadSize(static_cast<size_t>(readable_size));
+        }
+        out_info->SetSkipCount(entry_index - param.entry_index);
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    template<typename EntryType>
+    Result BucketTree::Visitor::ScanContinuousReading(ContinuousReadingInfo *out_info, s64 offset, size_t size) const {
+        static_assert(std::is_pod<EntryType>::value);
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->IsValid());
+
+        /* Create our parameters. */
+        ContinuousReadingParam<EntryType> param = {
+            offset, size, this->entry_set.header, this->entry_index
+        };
+        std::memcpy(std::addressof(param.entry), this->entry, sizeof(EntryType));
+
+        /* Scan. */
+        return this->tree->ScanContinuousReading<EntryType>(out_info, param);
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree_utils.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem::impl {
+
+    class SafeValue {
+        public:
+            static ALWAYS_INLINE s64 GetInt64(const void *ptr) {
+                s64 value;
+                std::memcpy(std::addressof(value), ptr, sizeof(s64));
+                return value;
+            }
+
+            static ALWAYS_INLINE s64 GetInt64(const s64 *ptr) {
+                return GetInt64(static_cast<const void *>(ptr));
+            }
+
+            static ALWAYS_INLINE s64 GetInt64(const s64 &v) {
+                return GetInt64(std::addressof(v));
+            }
+
+            static ALWAYS_INLINE void SetInt64(void *dst, const void *src) {
+                std::memcpy(dst, src, sizeof(s64));
+            }
+
+            static ALWAYS_INLINE void SetInt64(void *dst, const s64 *src) {
+                return SetInt64(dst, static_cast<const void *>(src));
+            }
+
+            static ALWAYS_INLINE void SetInt64(void *dst, const s64 &v) {
+                return SetInt64(dst, std::addressof(v));
+            }
+    };
+
+    template<typename IteratorType>
+    struct BucketTreeNode {
+        using Header = BucketTree::NodeHeader;
+
+        Header header;
+
+        s32 GetCount() const { return this->header.count; }
+
+        void *GetArray() { return std::addressof(this->header) + 1; }
+        template<typename T> T *GetArray() { return reinterpret_cast<T *>(this->GetArray()); }
+        const void *GetArray() const { return std::addressof(this->header) + 1; }
+        template<typename T> const T *GetArray() const { return reinterpret_cast<const T *>(this->GetArray()); }
+
+        s64 GetBeginOffset() const { return *this->GetArray<s64>(); }
+        s64 GetEndOffset() const { return this->header.offset; }
+
+        IteratorType GetBegin() { return IteratorType(this->GetArray<s64>()); }
+        IteratorType GetEnd() { return IteratorType(this->GetArray<s64>()) + this->header.count; }
+        IteratorType GetBegin() const { return IteratorType(this->GetArray<s64>()); }
+        IteratorType GetEnd() const { return IteratorType(this->GetArray<s64>()) + this->header.count; }
+
+        IteratorType GetBegin(size_t entry_size) { return IteratorType(this->GetArray(), entry_size); }
+        IteratorType GetEnd(size_t entry_size) { return IteratorType(this->GetArray(), entry_size) + this->header.count; }
+        IteratorType GetBegin(size_t entry_size) const { return IteratorType(this->GetArray(), entry_size); }
+        IteratorType GetEnd(size_t entry_size) const { return IteratorType(this->GetArray(), entry_size) + this->header.count; }
+    };
+
+    constexpr inline s64 GetBucketTreeEntryOffset(s64 entry_set_offset, size_t entry_size, s32 entry_index) {
+        return entry_set_offset + sizeof(BucketTree::NodeHeader) + entry_index * static_cast<s64>(entry_size);
+    }
+
+    constexpr inline s64 GetBucketTreeEntryOffset(s32 entry_set_index, size_t node_size, size_t entry_size, s32 entry_index) {
+        return GetBucketTreeEntryOffset(entry_set_index * static_cast<s64>(node_size), entry_size, entry_index);
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_crypto_configuration.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_nca_file_system_driver.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    const ::ams::fssystem::NcaCryptoConfiguration *GetNcaCryptoConfiguration(bool prod);
+
+    void SetUpKekAccessKeys(bool prod);
+
+    void InvalidateHardwareAesKey();
+
+    const u8 *GetAcidSignatureKeyModulus(bool prod, size_t key_generation);
+    const u8 *GetAcidSignatureKeyPublicExponent();
+
+    constexpr inline size_t AcidSignatureKeyModulusSize        = NcaCryptoConfiguration::Rsa2048KeyModulusSize;
+    constexpr inline size_t AcidSignatureKeyPublicExponentSize = NcaCryptoConfiguration::Rsa2048KeyPublicExponentSize;
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_file_system_proxy_api.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssrv::fscreator {
+
+    struct FileSystemCreatorInterfaces;
+
+}
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    /* TODO: This is kind of really a fs process function/tied into fs main. */
+    /* This should be re-examined when FS is reimplemented. */
+    void InitializeForFileSystemProxy();
+
+    const ::ams::fssrv::fscreator::FileSystemCreatorInterfaces *GetFileSystemCreatorInterfaces();
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_indirect_storage.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    class IndirectStorage : public ::ams::fs::IStorage, public ::ams::fs::impl::Newable {
+        NON_COPYABLE(IndirectStorage);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(IndirectStorage);
+        public:
+            static constexpr s32 StorageCount = 2;
+            static constexpr size_t NodeSize = 16_KB;
+
+            using IAllocator = MemoryResource;
+
+            struct Entry {
+                u8 virt_offset[sizeof(s64)];
+                u8 phys_offset[sizeof(s64)];
+                s32 storage_index;
+
+                void SetVirtualOffset(const s64 &ofs) {
+                    std::memcpy(this->virt_offset, std::addressof(ofs), sizeof(s64));
+                }
+
+                s64 GetVirtualOffset() const {
+                    s64 offset;
+                    std::memcpy(std::addressof(offset), this->virt_offset, sizeof(s64));
+                    return offset;
+                }
+
+                void SetPhysicalOffset(const s64 &ofs) {
+                    std::memcpy(this->phys_offset, std::addressof(ofs), sizeof(s64));
+                }
+
+                s64 GetPhysicalOffset() const {
+                    s64 offset;
+                    std::memcpy(std::addressof(offset), this->phys_offset, sizeof(s64));
+                    return offset;
+                }
+            };
+            static_assert(std::is_pod<Entry>::value);
+            static_assert(sizeof(Entry) == 0x14);
+
+            struct EntryData {
+                s64 virt_offset;
+                s64 phys_offset;
+                s32 storage_index;
+
+                void Set(const Entry &entry) {
+                    this->virt_offset   = entry.GetVirtualOffset();
+                    this->phys_offset   = entry.GetPhysicalOffset();
+                    this->storage_index = entry.storage_index;
+                }
+            };
+            static_assert(std::is_pod<EntryData>::value);
+        private:
+            struct ContinuousReadingEntry {
+                static constexpr size_t FragmentSizeMax = 4_KB;
+
+                IndirectStorage::Entry entry;
+
+                s64 GetVirtualOffset() const {
+                    return this->entry.GetVirtualOffset();
+                }
+
+                s64 GetPhysicalOffset() const {
+                    return this->entry.GetPhysicalOffset();
+                }
+
+                bool IsFragment() const {
+                    return this->entry.storage_index != 0;
+                }
+            };
+            static_assert(std::is_pod<ContinuousReadingEntry>::value);
+        public:
+            static constexpr s64 QueryHeaderStorageSize() {
+                return BucketTree::QueryHeaderStorageSize();
+            }
+
+            static constexpr s64 QueryNodeStorageSize(s32 entry_count) {
+                return BucketTree::QueryNodeStorageSize(NodeSize, sizeof(Entry), entry_count);
+            }
+
+            static constexpr s64 QueryEntryStorageSize(s32 entry_count) {
+                return BucketTree::QueryEntryStorageSize(NodeSize, sizeof(Entry), entry_count);
+            }
+        private:
+            BucketTree table;
+            fs::SubStorage data_storage[StorageCount];
+        public:
+            IndirectStorage() : table(), data_storage() { /* ... */ }
+            virtual ~IndirectStorage() { this->Finalize(); }
+
+            Result Initialize(IAllocator *allocator, fs::SubStorage table_storage);
+            void Finalize();
+
+            bool IsInitialized() const { return this->table.IsInitialized(); }
+
+            Result Initialize(IAllocator *allocator, fs::SubStorage node_storage, fs::SubStorage entry_storage, s32 entry_count) {
+                return this->table.Initialize(allocator, node_storage, entry_storage, NodeSize, sizeof(Entry), entry_count);
+            }
+
+            void SetStorage(s32 idx, fs::SubStorage storage) {
+                AMS_ASSERT(0 <= idx && idx < StorageCount);
+                this->data_storage[idx] = storage;
+            }
+
+            template<typename T>
+            void SetStorage(s32 idx, T storage, s64 offset, s64 size) {
+                AMS_ASSERT(0 <= idx && idx < StorageCount);
+                this->data_storage[idx] = fs::SubStorage(storage, offset, size);
+            }
+
+            Result GetEntryList(Entry *out_entries, s32 *out_entry_count, s32 entry_count, s64 offset, s64 size);
+
+            virtual Result Read(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size) override;
+            virtual Result OperateRange(void *dst, size_t dst_size, fs::OperationId op_id, s64 offset, s64 size, const void *src, size_t src_size) override;
+
+            virtual Result GetSize(s64 *out) override {
+                AMS_ASSERT(out != nullptr);
+                *out = this->table.GetSize();
+                return ResultSuccess();
+            }
+
+            virtual Result Flush() override {
+                return ResultSuccess();
+            }
+
+            virtual Result Write(s64 offset, const void *buffer, size_t size) override {
+                return fs::ResultUnsupportedOperationInIndirectStorageA();
+            }
+
+            virtual Result SetSize(s64 size) override {
+                return fs::ResultUnsupportedOperationInIndirectStorageB();
+            }
+        protected:
+            BucketTree &GetEntryTable() { return this->table; }
+
+            fs::SubStorage &GetDataStorage(s32 index) {
+                AMS_ASSERT(0 <= index && index < StorageCount);
+                return this->data_storage[index];
+            }
+
+            template<bool ContinuousCheck, typename F>
+            Result OperatePerEntry(s64 offset, s64 size, F func);
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_indirect_storage_template_impl.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_indirect_storage.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    template<bool ContinuousCheck, typename F>
+    Result IndirectStorage::OperatePerEntry(s64 offset, s64 size, F func) {
+        /* Validate preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(offset >= 0);
+        AMS_ASSERT(size >= 0);
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+
+        /* Succeed if there's nothing to operate on. */
+        R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+        /* Validate arguments. */
+        R_UNLESS(this->table.Includes(offset, size), fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+        /* Find the offset in our tree. */
+        BucketTree::Visitor visitor;
+        R_TRY(this->table.Find(std::addressof(visitor), offset));
+        {
+            const auto entry_offset = visitor.Get<Entry>()->GetVirtualOffset();
+            R_UNLESS(0 <= entry_offset && this->table.Includes(entry_offset), fs::ResultInvalidIndirectEntryOffset());
+        }
+
+        /* Prepare to operate in chunks. */
+        auto cur_offset = offset;
+        const auto end_offset = offset + static_cast<s64>(size);
+        BucketTree::ContinuousReadingInfo cr_info;
+
+        while (cur_offset < end_offset) {
+            /* Get the current entry. */
+            const auto cur_entry = *visitor.Get<Entry>();
+
+            /* Get and validate the entry's offset. */
+            const auto cur_entry_offset = cur_entry.GetVirtualOffset();
+            R_UNLESS(cur_entry_offset <= cur_offset, fs::ResultInvalidIndirectEntryOffset());
+
+            /* Validate the storage index. */
+            R_UNLESS(0 <= cur_entry.storage_index && cur_entry.storage_index < StorageCount, fs::ResultInvalidIndirectEntryStorageIndex());
+
+            /* If we need to check the continuous info, do so. */
+            if constexpr (ContinuousCheck) {
+                /* Scan, if we need to. */
+                if (cr_info.CheckNeedScan()) {
+                    R_TRY(visitor.ScanContinuousReading<ContinuousReadingEntry>(std::addressof(cr_info), cur_offset, static_cast<size_t>(end_offset - cur_offset)));
+                }
+
+                /* Process a base storage entry. */
+                if (cr_info.CanDo()) {
+                    R_UNLESS(cur_entry.storage_index == 0, fs::ResultInvalidIndirectEntryStorageIndex());
+
+                    const auto data_offset = cur_offset - cur_entry_offset;
+                    R_TRY(func(std::addressof(this->data_storage[0]), cur_entry.GetPhysicalOffset() + data_offset, cur_offset, static_cast<s64>(cr_info.GetReadSize())));
+                }
+            }
+
+            /* Get and validate the next entry offset. */
+            s64 next_entry_offset;
+            if (visitor.CanMoveNext()) {
+                R_TRY(visitor.MoveNext());
+                next_entry_offset = visitor.Get<Entry>()->GetVirtualOffset();
+                R_UNLESS(this->table.Includes(next_entry_offset), fs::ResultInvalidIndirectEntryOffset());
+            } else {
+                next_entry_offset = this->table.GetEnd();
+            }
+            R_UNLESS(cur_offset < next_entry_offset, fs::ResultInvalidIndirectEntryOffset());
+
+            /* Get the offset of the entry in the data we read. */
+            const auto data_offset = cur_offset - cur_entry_offset;
+            const auto data_size   = (next_entry_offset - cur_entry_offset) - data_offset;
+            AMS_ASSERT(data_size > 0);
+
+            /* Determine how much is left. */
+            const auto remaining_size = end_offset - cur_offset;
+            const auto cur_size       = std::min(remaining_size, data_size);
+            AMS_ASSERT(cur_size <= size);
+
+            /* Operate, if we need to. */
+            bool needs_operate;
+            if constexpr (!ContinuousCheck) {
+                needs_operate = true;
+            } else {
+                needs_operate = !cr_info.IsDone() || cur_entry.storage_index != 0;
+            }
+
+            if (needs_operate) {
+                R_TRY(func(std::addressof(this->data_storage[cur_entry.storage_index]), cur_entry.GetPhysicalOffset() + data_offset, cur_offset, cur_size));
+            }
+
+            cur_offset += cur_size;
+        }
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_integrity_romfs_storage.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_istorage.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_memory_storage.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/impl/fs_newable.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_nca_header.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/save/fssystem_hierarchical_integrity_verification_storage.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    constexpr inline size_t IntegrityLayerCountRomFs    = 7;
+    constexpr inline size_t IntegrityHashLayerBlockSize = 16_KB;
+
+    class IntegrityRomFsStorage : public ::ams::fs::IStorage, public ::ams::fs::impl::Newable {
+        private:
+            save::HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage integrity_storage;
+            save::FileSystemBufferManagerSet buffers;
+            os::Mutex mutex;
+            Hash master_hash;
+            std::unique_ptr<fs::MemoryStorage> master_hash_storage;
+        public:
+            IntegrityRomFsStorage() : mutex(true) { /* ... */ }
+            virtual ~IntegrityRomFsStorage() override { this->Finalize(); }
+
+            Result Initialize(save::HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationInformation level_hash_info, Hash master_hash, save::HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage::HierarchicalStorageInformation storage_info, IBufferManager *bm);
+            void Finalize();
+
+            virtual Result Read(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size) override {
+                return this->integrity_storage.Read(offset, buffer, size);
+            }
+
+            virtual Result Write(s64 offset, const void *buffer, size_t size) override {
+                return this->integrity_storage.Write(offset, buffer, size);
+            }
+
+            virtual Result SetSize(s64 size) override { return fs::ResultUnsupportedOperationInIntegrityRomFsStorageA(); }
+
+            virtual Result GetSize(s64 *out) override {
+                return this->integrity_storage.GetSize(out);
+            }
+
+            virtual Result Flush() override {
+                return this->integrity_storage.Flush();
+            }
+
+            virtual Result OperateRange(void *dst, size_t dst_size, fs::OperationId op_id, s64 offset, s64 size, const void *src, size_t src_size) override {
+                return this->integrity_storage.OperateRange(dst, dst_size, op_id, offset, size, src, src_size);
+            }
+
+            Result Commit() {
+                return this->integrity_storage.Commit();
+            }
+
+            save::FileSystemBufferManagerSet *GetBuffers() {
+                return this->integrity_storage.GetBuffers();
+            }
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_nca_file_system_driver.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/impl/fs_newable.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_istorage.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_nca_header.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/buffers/fssystem_i_buffer_manager.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    class AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage;
+    class IndirectStorage;
+    class SparseStorage;
+
+    struct NcaCryptoConfiguration;
+
+    using KeyGenerationFunction = void (*)(void *dst_key, size_t dst_key_size, const void *src_key, size_t src_key_size, s32 key_type, const NcaCryptoConfiguration &cfg);
+    using DecryptAesCtrFunction = void (*)(void *dst, size_t dst_size, s32 key_type, const void *src_key, size_t src_key_size, const void *iv, size_t iv_size, const void *src, size_t src_size);
+
+    struct NcaCryptoConfiguration {
+        static constexpr size_t Rsa2048KeyModulusSize         = crypto::Rsa2048PssSha256Verifier::ModulusSize;
+        static constexpr size_t Rsa2048KeyPublicExponentSize  = crypto::Rsa2048PssSha256Verifier::MaximumExponentSize;
+        static constexpr size_t Rsa2048KeyPrivateExponentSize = Rsa2048KeyModulusSize;
+
+        static constexpr size_t Aes128KeySize = crypto::AesEncryptor128::KeySize;
+
+        static constexpr size_t Header1SignatureKeyGenerationMax = 1;
+
+        static constexpr s32 KeyAreaEncryptionKeyIndexCount = 3;
+        static constexpr s32 HeaderEncryptionKeyCount       = 2;
+
+        static constexpr size_t KeyGenerationMax = 32;
+
+        const u8 *header_1_sign_key_moduli[Header1SignatureKeyGenerationMax + 1];
+        u8 header_1_sign_key_public_exponent[Rsa2048KeyPublicExponentSize];
+        u8 key_area_encryption_key_source[KeyAreaEncryptionKeyIndexCount][Aes128KeySize];
+        u8 header_encryption_key_source[Aes128KeySize];
+        u8 header_encrypted_encryption_keys[HeaderEncryptionKeyCount][Aes128KeySize];
+        KeyGenerationFunction generate_key;
+        DecryptAesCtrFunction decrypt_aes_ctr;
+        DecryptAesCtrFunction decrypt_aes_ctr_external;
+        bool is_plaintext_header_available;
+    };
+    static_assert(std::is_pod<NcaCryptoConfiguration>::value);
+
+    constexpr inline bool IsInvalidKeyTypeValue(s32 key_type) {
+        return key_type < 0;
+    }
+
+    constexpr inline s32 GetKeyTypeValue(u8 key_index, u8 key_generation) {
+        constexpr s32 InvalidKeyTypeValue = -1;
+        static_assert(IsInvalidKeyTypeValue(InvalidKeyTypeValue));
+
+        if (key_index >= NcaCryptoConfiguration::KeyAreaEncryptionKeyIndexCount) {
+            return InvalidKeyTypeValue;
+        }
+
+        return NcaCryptoConfiguration::KeyAreaEncryptionKeyIndexCount * key_generation + key_index;
+    }
+
+    constexpr inline s32 KeyAreaEncryptionKeyCount = NcaCryptoConfiguration::KeyAreaEncryptionKeyIndexCount * NcaCryptoConfiguration::KeyGenerationMax;
+
+    enum class KeyType : s32 {
+        NcaHeaderKey            = KeyAreaEncryptionKeyCount + 0,
+        NcaExternalKey          = KeyAreaEncryptionKeyCount + 1,
+        SaveDataDeviceUniqueMac = KeyAreaEncryptionKeyCount + 2,
+        SaveDataSeedUniqueMac   = KeyAreaEncryptionKeyCount + 3,
+    };
+
+    class NcaReader : public ::ams::fs::impl::Newable {
+        NON_COPYABLE(NcaReader);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(NcaReader);
+        private:
+            NcaHeader header;
+            u8 decryption_keys[NcaHeader::DecryptionKey_Count][NcaCryptoConfiguration::Aes128KeySize];
+            std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> shared_base_storage;
+            std::unique_ptr<fs::IStorage> header_storage;
+            fs::IStorage *body_storage;
+            u8 external_decryption_key[NcaCryptoConfiguration::Aes128KeySize];
+            DecryptAesCtrFunction decrypt_aes_ctr;
+            DecryptAesCtrFunction decrypt_aes_ctr_external;
+            bool is_software_aes_prioritized;
+            NcaHeader::EncryptionType header_encryption_type;
+        public:
+            NcaReader();
+            ~NcaReader();
+
+            Result Initialize(fs::IStorage *base_storage, const NcaCryptoConfiguration &crypto_cfg);
+            Result Initialize(std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> base_storage, const NcaCryptoConfiguration &crypto_cfg);
+
+            fs::IStorage *GetBodyStorage();
+            u32 GetMagic() const;
+            NcaHeader::DistributionType GetDistributionType() const;
+            NcaHeader::ContentType GetContentType() const;
+            u8  GetKeyGeneration() const;
+            u8  GetKeyIndex() const;
+            u64 GetContentSize() const;
+            u64 GetProgramId() const;
+            u32 GetContentIndex() const;
+            u32 GetSdkAddonVersion() const;
+            void GetRightsId(u8 *dst, size_t dst_size) const;
+            bool HasFsInfo(s32 index) const;
+            s32 GetFsCount() const;
+            const Hash &GetFsHeaderHash(s32 index) const;
+            void GetFsHeaderHash(Hash *dst, s32 index) const;
+            void GetFsInfo(NcaHeader::FsInfo *dst, s32 index) const;
+            u64 GetFsOffset(s32 index) const;
+            u64 GetFsEndOffset(s32 index) const;
+            u64 GetFsSize(s32 index) const;
+            void GetEncryptedKey(void *dst, size_t size) const;
+            const void *GetDecryptionKey(s32 index) const;
+            bool HasValidInternalKey() const;
+            bool HasInternalDecryptionKeyForAesHardwareSpeedEmulation() const;
+            bool IsSoftwareAesPrioritized() const;
+            void PrioritizeSoftwareAes();
+            bool HasExternalDecryptionKey() const;
+            const void *GetExternalDecryptionKey() const;
+            void SetExternalDecryptionKey(const void *src, size_t size);
+            void GetRawData(void *dst, size_t dst_size) const;
+            DecryptAesCtrFunction GetExternalDecryptAesCtrFunction() const;
+            DecryptAesCtrFunction GetExternalDecryptAesCtrFunctionForExternalKey() const;
+            NcaHeader::EncryptionType GetEncryptionType() const;
+            Result ReadHeader(NcaFsHeader *dst, s32 index) const;
+
+            Result VerifyHeaderSign2(const void *key, size_t key_size);
+    };
+
+    class NcaFsHeaderReader : public ::ams::fs::impl::Newable {
+        NON_COPYABLE(NcaFsHeaderReader);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(NcaFsHeaderReader);
+        private:
+            NcaFsHeader data;
+            s32 fs_index;
+        public:
+            NcaFsHeaderReader() : fs_index(-1) {
+                std::memset(std::addressof(this->data), 0, sizeof(this->data));
+            }
+
+            Result Initialize(const NcaReader &reader, s32 index);
+            bool IsInitialized() const { return this->fs_index >= 0; }
+
+            NcaFsHeader &GetData() { return this->data; }
+            const NcaFsHeader &GetData() const { return this->data; }
+            void GetRawData(void *dst, size_t dst_size) const;
+
+            NcaFsHeader::HashData &GetHashData();
+            const NcaFsHeader::HashData &GetHashData() const;
+            u16 GetVersion() const;
+            s32 GetFsIndex() const;
+            NcaFsHeader::FsType GetFsType() const;
+            NcaFsHeader::HashType GetHashType() const;
+            NcaFsHeader::EncryptionType GetEncryptionType() const;
+            NcaPatchInfo &GetPatchInfo();
+            const NcaPatchInfo &GetPatchInfo() const;
+            const NcaAesCtrUpperIv GetAesCtrUpperIv() const;
+            bool ExistsSparseLayer() const;
+            NcaSparseInfo &GetSparseInfo();
+            const NcaSparseInfo &GetSparseInfo() const;
+    };
+
+    class NcaFileSystemDriver : public ::ams::fs::impl::Newable {
+        NON_COPYABLE(NcaFileSystemDriver);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(NcaFileSystemDriver);
+        public:
+            class StorageOption;
+            class StorageOptionWithHeaderReader;
+        private:
+            std::shared_ptr<NcaReader> original_reader;
+            std::shared_ptr<NcaReader> reader;
+            MemoryResource * const allocator;
+            fssystem::IBufferManager * const buffer_manager;
+        public:
+            static Result SetupFsHeaderReader(NcaFsHeaderReader *out, const NcaReader &reader, s32 fs_index);
+        public:
+            NcaFileSystemDriver(std::shared_ptr<NcaReader> reader, MemoryResource *allocator, IBufferManager *buffer_manager) : original_reader(), reader(reader), allocator(allocator), buffer_manager(buffer_manager) {
+                AMS_ASSERT(this->reader != nullptr);
+            }
+
+            NcaFileSystemDriver(std::shared_ptr<NcaReader> original_reader, std::shared_ptr<NcaReader> reader, MemoryResource *allocator, IBufferManager *buffer_manager) : original_reader(original_reader), reader(reader), allocator(allocator), buffer_manager(buffer_manager) {
+                AMS_ASSERT(this->reader != nullptr);
+            }
+
+            Result OpenRawStorage(std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> *out, s32 fs_index);
+
+            Result OpenStorage(std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> *out, NcaFsHeaderReader *out_header_reader, s32 fs_index);
+            Result OpenStorage(std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> *out, StorageOption *option);
+
+            Result OpenStorage(std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> *out, s32 fs_index) {
+                NcaFsHeaderReader dummy;
+                return this->OpenStorage(out, std::addressof(dummy), fs_index);
+            }
+
+            Result OpenDecryptableStorage(std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> *out, StorageOption *option, bool indirect_needed);
+
+        private:
+            class BaseStorage;
+
+            Result CreateBaseStorage(BaseStorage *out, StorageOption *option);
+
+            Result CreateDecryptableStorage(std::unique_ptr<fs::IStorage> *out, StorageOption *option, BaseStorage *base_storage);
+            Result CreateAesXtsStorage(std::unique_ptr<fs::IStorage> *out, BaseStorage *base_storage);
+            Result CreateAesCtrStorage(std::unique_ptr<fs::IStorage> *out, BaseStorage *base_storage);
+            Result CreateAesCtrExStorage(std::unique_ptr<fs::IStorage> *out, StorageOption *option, BaseStorage *base_storage);
+
+            Result CreateIndirectStorage(std::unique_ptr<fs::IStorage> *out, StorageOption *option, std::unique_ptr<fs::IStorage> base_storage);
+
+            Result CreateVerificationStorage(std::unique_ptr<fs::IStorage> *out, std::unique_ptr<fs::IStorage> base_storage, NcaFsHeaderReader *header_reader);
+            Result CreateSha256Storage(std::unique_ptr<fs::IStorage> *out, std::unique_ptr<fs::IStorage> base_storage, NcaFsHeaderReader *header_reader);
+            Result CreateIntegrityVerificationStorage(std::unique_ptr<fs::IStorage> *out, std::unique_ptr<fs::IStorage> base_storage, NcaFsHeaderReader *header_reader);
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_nca_file_system_driver_impl.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_substorage.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_nca_file_system_driver.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    class NcaFileSystemDriver::StorageOption {
+        private:
+            friend class NcaFileSystemDriver;
+        private:
+            const s32 fs_index;
+            NcaFsHeaderReader * const header_reader;
+            fs::IStorage *data_storage;
+            s64 data_storage_size;
+            fs::IStorage *aes_ctr_ex_table_storage;
+            AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage *aes_ctr_ex_storage_raw;
+            fs::IStorage *aes_ctr_ex_storage;
+            IndirectStorage *indirect_storage;
+            SparseStorage *sparse_storage;
+        public:
+            explicit StorageOption(NcaFsHeaderReader *reader) : fs_index(reader->GetFsIndex()), header_reader(reader), data_storage(), data_storage_size(), aes_ctr_ex_table_storage(), aes_ctr_ex_storage_raw(), aes_ctr_ex_storage(), indirect_storage(), sparse_storage() {
+                AMS_ASSERT(this->header_reader != nullptr);
+            }
+
+            StorageOption(NcaFsHeaderReader *reader, s32 index) : fs_index(index), header_reader(reader), data_storage(), data_storage_size(), aes_ctr_ex_table_storage(), aes_ctr_ex_storage_raw(), aes_ctr_ex_storage(), indirect_storage(), sparse_storage() {
+                AMS_ASSERT(this->header_reader != nullptr);
+                AMS_ASSERT(0 <= index && index < NcaHeader::FsCountMax);
+            }
+
+            s32 GetFsIndex() const { return this->fs_index; }
+            NcaFsHeaderReader &GetHeaderReader() { return *this->header_reader; }
+            const NcaFsHeaderReader &GetHeaderReader() const { return *this->header_reader; }
+            fs::SubStorage GetDataStorage() const { return fs::SubStorage(this->data_storage, 0, this->data_storage_size); }
+            fs::IStorage *GetAesCtrExTableStorage() const { return this->aes_ctr_ex_table_storage; }
+            fs::IStorage *GetAesCtrExStorage() const { return this->aes_ctr_ex_storage; }
+            AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage *GetAesCtrExStorageRaw() const { return this->aes_ctr_ex_storage_raw; }
+            IndirectStorage *GetIndirectStorage() const { return this->indirect_storage; }
+            SparseStorage *GetSparseStorage() const { return this->sparse_storage; }
+        private:
+            void SetDataStorage(fs::IStorage *storage, s64 size) {
+                AMS_ASSERT(storage != nullptr);
+                AMS_ASSERT(size >= 0);
+                this->data_storage = storage;
+                this->data_storage_size = size;
+            }
+
+            void SetAesCtrExTableStorage(fs::IStorage *storage) { AMS_ASSERT(storage != nullptr); this->aes_ctr_ex_table_storage = storage; }
+            void SetAesCtrExStorage(fs::IStorage *storage) { AMS_ASSERT(storage != nullptr); this->aes_ctr_ex_storage = storage; }
+            void SetAesCtrExStorageRaw(AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage *storage) { AMS_ASSERT(storage != nullptr); this->aes_ctr_ex_storage_raw = storage; }
+            void SetIndirectStorage(IndirectStorage *storage) { AMS_ASSERT(storage != nullptr); this->indirect_storage = storage; }
+            void SetSparseStorage(SparseStorage *storage) { AMS_ASSERT(storage != nullptr); this->sparse_storage = storage; }
+    };
+
+    class NcaFileSystemDriver::StorageOptionWithHeaderReader : public NcaFileSystemDriver::StorageOption {
+        private:
+            NcaFsHeaderReader header_reader_data;
+        public:
+            explicit StorageOptionWithHeaderReader(s32 index) : StorageOption(std::addressof(header_reader_data), index) { /* ... */ }
+    };
+
+    class NcaFileSystemDriver::BaseStorage {
+        private:
+            std::unique_ptr<fs::IStorage> storage;
+            fs::SubStorage sub_storage;
+            s64 storage_offset;
+            NcaAesCtrUpperIv aes_ctr_upper_iv;
+        public:
+            BaseStorage() : storage(), sub_storage(), storage_offset(0) {
+                this->aes_ctr_upper_iv.value = 0;
+            }
+
+            explicit BaseStorage(const fs::SubStorage &ss) : storage(), sub_storage(ss), storage_offset(0) {
+                this->aes_ctr_upper_iv.value = 0;
+            }
+
+            template<typename T>
+            BaseStorage(T s, s64 offset, s64 size) : storage(), sub_storage(s, offset, size), storage_offset(0) {
+                this->aes_ctr_upper_iv.value = 0;
+            }
+
+            void SetStorage(std::unique_ptr<fs::IStorage> &&storage) {
+                this->storage = std::move(storage);
+            }
+
+            template<typename T>
+            void SetStorage(T storage, s64 offset, s64 size) {
+                this->sub_storage = fs::SubStorage(storage, offset, size);
+            }
+
+            std::unique_ptr<fs::IStorage> MakeStorage() {
+                if (this->storage != nullptr) {
+                    return std::move(this->storage);
+                }
+                return std::make_unique<fs::SubStorage>(this->sub_storage);
+            }
+
+            std::unique_ptr<fs::IStorage> GetStorage() {
+                return std::move(this->storage);
+            }
+
+            Result GetSubStorage(fs::SubStorage *out, s64 offset, s64 size) {
+                s64 storage_size = 0;
+
+                if (this->storage != nullptr) {
+                    R_TRY(this->storage->GetSize(std::addressof(storage_size)));
+                    R_UNLESS(offset + size <= storage_size, fs::ResultNcaBaseStorageOutOfRangeA());
+                    *out = fs::SubStorage(this->storage.get(), offset, size);
+                } else {
+                    R_TRY(this->sub_storage.GetSize(std::addressof(storage_size)));
+                    R_UNLESS(offset + size <= storage_size, fs::ResultNcaBaseStorageOutOfRangeA());
+                    *out = fs::SubStorage(std::addressof(this->sub_storage), offset, size);
+                }
+
+                return ResultSuccess();
+            }
+
+            void SetStorageOffset(s64 offset) {
+                this->storage_offset = offset;
+            }
+
+            s64 GetStorageOffset() const {
+                return this->storage_offset;
+            }
+
+            void SetAesCtrUpperIv(NcaAesCtrUpperIv v) {
+                this->aes_ctr_upper_iv = v;
+            }
+
+            const NcaAesCtrUpperIv GetAesCtrUpperIv() const {
+                return this->aes_ctr_upper_iv;
+            }
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_nca_header.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    struct Hash {
+        static constexpr size_t Size = crypto::Sha256Generator::HashSize;
+        u8 value[Size];
+    };
+    static_assert(sizeof(Hash) == Hash::Size);
+    static_assert(std::is_pod<Hash>::value);
+
+    using NcaDigest = Hash;
+
+    struct NcaHeader {
+        enum class ContentType : u8 {
+            Program    = 0,
+            Meta       = 1,
+            Control    = 2,
+            Manual     = 3,
+            Data       = 4,
+            PublicData = 5,
+
+            Start = Program,
+            End   = PublicData,
+        };
+
+        enum class DistributionType : u8 {
+            Download = 0,
+            GameCard = 1,
+
+            Start = Download,
+            End   = GameCard,
+        };
+
+        enum class EncryptionType : u8 {
+            Auto = 0,
+            None = 1,
+        };
+
+        enum DecryptionKey {
+            DecryptionKey_AesXts   = 0,
+            DecryptionKey_AesXts1  = DecryptionKey_AesXts,
+            DecryptionKey_AesXts2  = 1,
+            DecryptionKey_AesCtr   = 2,
+            DecryptionKey_AesCtrEx = 3,
+            DecryptionKey_AesCtrHw = 4,
+            DecryptionKey_Count,
+        };
+
+        struct FsInfo {
+            u32 start_sector;
+            u32 end_sector;
+            u32 hash_sectors;
+            u32 reserved;
+        };
+        static_assert(sizeof(FsInfo) == 0x10);
+        static_assert(std::is_pod<FsInfo>::value);
+
+        static constexpr u32 Magic0 = util::FourCC<'N','C','A','0'>::Code;
+        static constexpr u32 Magic1 = util::FourCC<'N','C','A','1'>::Code;
+        static constexpr u32 Magic2 = util::FourCC<'N','C','A','2'>::Code;
+        static constexpr u32 Magic3 = util::FourCC<'N','C','A','3'>::Code;
+
+        static constexpr u32 Magic              = Magic3;
+
+        static constexpr size_t Size                             = 1_KB;
+        static constexpr s32    FsCountMax                       = 4;
+        static constexpr size_t HeaderSignCount                  = 2;
+        static constexpr size_t HeaderSignSize                   = 0x100;
+        static constexpr size_t EncryptedKeyAreaSize             = 0x100;
+        static constexpr size_t SectorSize                       = 0x200;
+        static constexpr size_t SectorShift                      = 9;
+        static constexpr size_t RightsIdSize                     = 0x10;
+        static constexpr size_t XtsBlockSize                     = 0x200;
+        static constexpr size_t CtrBlockSize                     = 0x10;
+
+        static_assert(SectorSize == (1 << SectorShift));
+
+        /* Data members. */
+        u8 header_sign_1[HeaderSignSize];
+        u8 header_sign_2[HeaderSignSize];
+        u32 magic;
+        DistributionType distribution_type;
+        ContentType content_type;
+        u8 key_generation;
+        u8 key_index;
+        u64 content_size;
+        u64 program_id;
+        u32 content_index;
+        u32 sdk_addon_version;
+        u8 key_generation_2;
+        u8 header1_signature_key_generation;
+        u8 reserved_222[2];
+        u32 reserved_224[3];
+        u8 rights_id[RightsIdSize];
+        FsInfo fs_info[FsCountMax];
+        Hash fs_header_hash[FsCountMax];
+        u8 encrypted_key_area[EncryptedKeyAreaSize];
+
+        static constexpr u64 SectorToByte(u32 sector) {
+            return static_cast<u64>(sector) << SectorShift;
+        }
+
+        static constexpr u32 ByteToSector(u64 byte) {
+            return static_cast<u32>(byte >> SectorShift);
+        }
+
+        u8 GetProperKeyGeneration() const;
+    };
+    static_assert(sizeof(NcaHeader) == NcaHeader::Size);
+    static_assert(std::is_pod<NcaHeader>::value);
+
+    struct NcaBucketInfo {
+        static constexpr size_t HeaderSize = 0x10;
+        s64 offset;
+        s64 size;
+        u8 header[HeaderSize];
+    };
+    static_assert(std::is_pod<NcaBucketInfo>::value);
+
+    struct NcaPatchInfo {
+        static constexpr size_t Size   = 0x40;
+        static constexpr size_t Offset = 0x100;
+
+        s64 indirect_offset;
+        s64 indirect_size;
+        u8  indirect_header[NcaBucketInfo::HeaderSize];
+        s64 aes_ctr_ex_offset;
+        s64 aes_ctr_ex_size;
+        u8  aes_ctr_ex_header[NcaBucketInfo::HeaderSize];
+
+        bool HasIndirectTable() const;
+        bool HasAesCtrExTable() const;
+    };
+    static_assert(std::is_pod<NcaPatchInfo>::value);
+
+    union NcaAesCtrUpperIv {
+        u64 value;
+        struct {
+            u32 generation;
+            u32 secure_value;
+        } part;
+    };
+    static_assert(std::is_pod<NcaAesCtrUpperIv>::value);
+
+    struct NcaSparseInfo {
+        NcaBucketInfo bucket;
+        s64 physical_offset;
+        u16 generation;
+        u8  reserved[6];
+
+        s64 GetPhysicalSize() const {
+            return this->bucket.offset + this->bucket.size;
+        }
+
+        u32 GetGeneration() const {
+            return static_cast<u32>(this->generation) << 16;
+        }
+
+        const NcaAesCtrUpperIv MakeAesCtrUpperIv(NcaAesCtrUpperIv upper_iv) const {
+            NcaAesCtrUpperIv sparse_upper_iv = upper_iv;
+            sparse_upper_iv.part.generation = this->GetGeneration();
+            return sparse_upper_iv;
+        }
+    };
+    static_assert(std::is_pod<NcaSparseInfo>::value);
+
+    struct NcaFsHeader {
+        static constexpr size_t Size           = 0x200;
+        static constexpr size_t HashDataOffset = 0x8;
+
+        struct Region {
+            s64 offset;
+            s64 size;
+        };
+        static_assert(std::is_pod<Region>::value);
+
+        enum class FsType : u8 {
+            RomFs       = 0,
+            PartitionFs = 1,
+        };
+
+        enum class EncryptionType : u8 {
+            Auto     = 0,
+            None     = 1,
+            AesXts   = 2,
+            AesCtr   = 3,
+            AesCtrEx = 4,
+        };
+
+        enum class HashType : u8 {
+            Auto                      = 0,
+            None                      = 1,
+            HierarchicalSha256Hash    = 2,
+            HierarchicalIntegrityHash = 3,
+        };
+
+        union HashData {
+            struct HierarchicalSha256Data {
+                static constexpr size_t HashLayerCountMax = 5;
+                static const size_t MasterHashOffset;
+
+                Hash fs_data_master_hash;
+                s32 hash_block_size;
+                s32 hash_layer_count;
+                Region hash_layer_region[HashLayerCountMax];
+            } hierarchical_sha256_data;
+            static_assert(std::is_pod<HierarchicalSha256Data>::value);
+
+            struct IntegrityMetaInfo {
+                static const size_t MasterHashOffset;
+
+                u32 magic;
+                u32 version;
+                u32 master_hash_size;
+
+                struct LevelHashInfo {
+                    u32 max_layers;
+
+                    struct HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationLevelInformation {
+                        static constexpr size_t IntegrityMaxLayerCount = 7;
+                        s64 offset;
+                        s64 size;
+                        s32 block_order;
+                        u8  reserved[4];
+                    } info[HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationLevelInformation::IntegrityMaxLayerCount - 1];
+
+                    struct SignatureSalt {
+                        static constexpr size_t Size = 0x20;
+                        u8 value[Size];
+                    } seed;
+                } level_hash_info;
+
+                Hash master_hash;
+            } integrity_meta_info;
+            static_assert(std::is_pod<IntegrityMetaInfo>::value);
+
+            u8 padding[NcaPatchInfo::Offset - HashDataOffset];
+        };
+
+        u16 version;
+        FsType fs_type;
+        HashType hash_type;
+        EncryptionType encryption_type;
+        u8 reserved[3];
+        HashData hash_data;
+        NcaPatchInfo patch_info;
+        NcaAesCtrUpperIv aes_ctr_upper_iv;
+        NcaSparseInfo sparse_info;
+        u8 pad[0x88];
+    };
+    static_assert(sizeof(NcaFsHeader) == NcaFsHeader::Size);
+    static_assert(std::is_pod<NcaFsHeader>::value);
+    static_assert(offsetof(NcaFsHeader, patch_info) == NcaPatchInfo::Offset);
+
+    inline constexpr const size_t NcaFsHeader::HashData::HierarchicalSha256Data::MasterHashOffset = offsetof(NcaFsHeader, hash_data.hierarchical_sha256_data.fs_data_master_hash);
+    inline constexpr const size_t NcaFsHeader::HashData::IntegrityMetaInfo::MasterHashOffset      = offsetof(NcaFsHeader, hash_data.integrity_meta_info.master_hash);
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_sparse_storage.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_indirect_storage.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    class SparseStorage : public IndirectStorage {
+        NON_COPYABLE(SparseStorage);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(SparseStorage);
+        private:
+            class ZeroStorage : public ::ams::fs::IStorage, public ::ams::fs::impl::Newable {
+                public:
+                    ZeroStorage() { /* ... */ }
+                    virtual ~ZeroStorage() { /* ... */ }
+
+                virtual Result Read(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size) override {
+                    AMS_ASSERT(offset >= 0);
+                    AMS_ASSERT(buffer != nullptr || size == 0);
+                    if (size > 0) {
+                        std::memset(buffer, 0, size);
+                    }
+                    return ResultSuccess();
+                }
+
+                virtual Result OperateRange(void *dst, size_t dst_size, fs::OperationId op_id, s64 offset, s64 size, const void *src, size_t src_size) override {
+                    return ResultSuccess();
+                }
+
+                virtual Result GetSize(s64 *out) override {
+                    AMS_ASSERT(out != nullptr);
+                    *out = std::numeric_limits<s64>::max();
+                    return ResultSuccess();
+                }
+
+                virtual Result Flush() override {
+                    return ResultSuccess();
+                }
+
+                virtual Result Write(s64 offset, const void *buffer, size_t size) override {
+                    return fs::ResultUnsupportedOperationInZeroStorageA();
+                }
+
+                virtual Result SetSize(s64 size) override {
+                    return fs::ResultUnsupportedOperationInZeroStorageB();
+                }
+            };
+        private:
+            ZeroStorage zero_storage;
+        public:
+            SparseStorage() : IndirectStorage(), zero_storage() { /* ... */ }
+            virtual ~SparseStorage() { /* ... */ }
+
+            using IndirectStorage::Initialize;
+
+            void Initialize(s64 end_offset) {
+                this->GetEntryTable().Initialize(NodeSize, end_offset);
+                this->SetZeroStorage();
+            }
+
+            void SetDataStorage(fs::SubStorage storage) {
+                AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+
+                this->SetStorage(0, storage);
+                this->SetZeroStorage();
+            }
+
+            template<typename T>
+            void SetDataStorage(T storage, s64 offset, s64 size) {
+                AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+
+                this->SetStorage(0, storage, offset, size);
+                this->SetZeroStorage();
+            }
+
+            virtual Result Read(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size) override;
+        private:
+            void SetZeroStorage() {
+                return this->SetStorage(1, std::addressof(this->zero_storage), 0, std::numeric_limits<s64>::max());
+            }
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/fssystem_speed_emulation_configuration.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_speed_emulation.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    class SpeedEmulationConfiguration {
+        public:
+            static void SetSpeedEmulationMode(::ams::fs::SpeedEmulationMode mode);
+            static ::ams::fs::SpeedEmulationMode GetSpeedEmulationMode();
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/save/fssystem_block_cache_buffered_storage.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/os.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_storage_type.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_istorage.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_memory_management.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/save/fssystem_i_save_file_system_driver.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/buffers/fssystem_file_system_buffer_manager.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem::save {
+
+    constexpr inline size_t IntegrityMinLayerCount          = 2;
+    constexpr inline size_t IntegrityMaxLayerCount          = 7;
+    constexpr inline size_t IntegrityLayerCountSave         = 5;
+    constexpr inline size_t IntegrityLayerCountSaveDataMeta = 4;
+
+    struct FileSystemBufferManagerSet {
+        IBufferManager *buffers[IntegrityMaxLayerCount];
+    };
+    static_assert(std::is_pod<FileSystemBufferManagerSet>::value);
+
+    class BlockCacheBufferedStorage : public ::ams::fs::IStorage {
+        NON_COPYABLE(BlockCacheBufferedStorage);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(BlockCacheBufferedStorage);
+        public:
+            static constexpr size_t DefaultMaxCacheEntryCount = 24;
+        private:
+            using MemoryRange = std::pair<uintptr_t, size_t>;
+            using CacheIndex = s32;
+
+            struct CacheEntry {
+                size_t size;
+                bool is_valid;
+                bool is_write_back;
+                bool is_cached;
+                bool is_flushing;
+                s64 offset;
+                IBufferManager::CacheHandle handle;
+                uintptr_t memory_address;
+                size_t memory_size;
+            };
+            static_assert(std::is_pod<CacheEntry>::value);
+
+            enum Flag : s32 {
+                Flag_KeepBurstMode = (1 << 8),
+                Flag_RealData      = (1 << 10),
+            };
+        private:
+            IBufferManager *buffer_manager;
+            os::Mutex *mutex;
+            std::unique_ptr<CacheEntry[], ::ams::fs::impl::Deleter> entries;
+            IStorage *data_storage;
+            Result last_result;
+            s64 data_size;
+            size_t verification_block_size;
+            size_t verification_block_shift;
+            CacheIndex invalidate_index;
+            s32 max_cache_entry_count;
+            s32 flags;
+            s32 buffer_level;
+            fs::StorageType storage_type;
+        public:
+            BlockCacheBufferedStorage();
+            virtual ~BlockCacheBufferedStorage() override;
+
+            Result Initialize(IBufferManager *bm, os::Mutex *mtx, IStorage *data, s64 data_size, size_t verif_block_size, s32 max_cache_entries, bool is_real_data, s8 buffer_level, bool is_keep_burst_mode, fs::StorageType storage_type);
+            void Finalize();
+
+            virtual Result Read(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size) override;
+            virtual Result Write(s64 offset, const void *buffer, size_t size) override;
+
+            virtual Result SetSize(s64 size) override { return fs::ResultUnsupportedOperationInBlockCacheBufferedStorageA(); }
+            virtual Result GetSize(s64 *out) override;
+
+            virtual Result Flush() override;
+
+            virtual Result OperateRange(void *dst, size_t dst_size, fs::OperationId op_id, s64 offset, s64 size, const void *src, size_t src_size) override;
+            using IStorage::OperateRange;
+
+            Result Commit();
+            Result OnRollback();
+
+            bool IsEnabledKeepBurstMode() const {
+                return (this->flags & Flag_KeepBurstMode) != 0;
+            }
+
+            bool IsRealDataCache() const {
+                return (this->flags & Flag_RealData) != 0;
+            }
+
+            void SetKeepBurstMode(bool en) {
+                if (en) {
+                    this->flags |= Flag_KeepBurstMode;
+                } else {
+                    this->flags &= ~Flag_KeepBurstMode;
+                }
+            }
+
+            void SetRealDataCache(bool en) {
+                if (en) {
+                    this->flags |= Flag_RealData;
+                } else {
+                    this->flags &= ~Flag_RealData;
+                }
+            }
+        private:
+            s32 GetMaxCacheEntryCount() const {
+                return this->max_cache_entry_count;
+            }
+
+            Result ClearImpl(s64 offset, s64 size);
+            Result ClearSignatureImpl(s64 offset, s64 size);
+            Result InvalidateCacheImpl(s64 offset, s64 size);
+            Result QueryRangeImpl(void *dst, size_t dst_size, s64 offset, s64 size);
+
+            bool ExistsRedundantCacheEntry(const CacheEntry &entry) const;
+
+            Result GetAssociateBuffer(MemoryRange *out_range, CacheEntry *out_entry, s64 offset, size_t ideal_size, bool is_allocate_for_write);
+
+            void DestroyBuffer(CacheEntry *entry, const MemoryRange &range);
+
+            Result StoreAssociateBuffer(CacheIndex *out, const MemoryRange &range, const CacheEntry &entry);
+            Result StoreAssociateBuffer(const MemoryRange &range, const CacheEntry &entry) {
+                CacheIndex dummy;
+                return this->StoreAssociateBuffer(std::addressof(dummy), range, entry);
+            }
+
+            Result StoreOrDestroyBuffer(const MemoryRange &range, CacheEntry *entry) {
+                AMS_ASSERT(entry != nullptr);
+
+                auto buf_guard = SCOPE_GUARD { this->DestroyBuffer(entry, range); };
+
+                R_TRY(this->StoreAssociateBuffer(range, *entry));
+
+                buf_guard.Cancel();
+                return ResultSuccess();
+            }
+
+            Result FlushCacheEntry(CacheIndex index, bool invalidate);
+            Result FlushRangeCacheEntries(s64 offset, s64 size, bool invalidate);
+            void InvalidateRangeCacheEntries(s64 offset, s64 size);
+
+            Result FlushAllCacheEntries();
+            Result InvalidateAllCacheEntries();
+            Result ControlDirtiness();
+
+            Result UpdateLastResult(Result result);
+
+            Result ReadHeadCache(MemoryRange *out_range, CacheEntry *out_entry, bool *out_cache_needed, s64 *offset, s64 *aligned_offset, s64 aligned_offset_end, char **buffer, size_t *size);
+            Result ReadTailCache(MemoryRange *out_range, CacheEntry *out_entry, bool *out_cache_needed, s64 offset, s64 aligned_offset, s64 *aligned_offset_end, char *buffer, size_t *size);
+
+            Result BulkRead(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size, MemoryRange *range_head, MemoryRange *range_tail, CacheEntry *entry_head, CacheEntry *entry_tail, bool head_cache_needed, bool tail_cache_needed);
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/save/fssystem_buffered_storage.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/os.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_istorage.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_substorage.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/buffers/fssystem_i_buffer_manager.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem::save {
+
+    class BufferedStorage : public ::ams::fs::IStorage {
+        NON_COPYABLE(BufferedStorage);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(BufferedStorage);
+        private:
+            class Cache;
+            class UniqueCache;
+            class SharedCache;
+        private:
+            fs::SubStorage base_storage;
+            IBufferManager *buffer_manager;
+            size_t block_size;
+            s64 base_storage_size;
+            std::unique_ptr<Cache[]> caches;
+            s32 cache_count;
+            Cache *next_acquire_cache;
+            Cache *next_fetch_cache;
+            os::Mutex mutex;
+            bool bulk_read_enabled;
+        public:
+            BufferedStorage();
+            virtual ~BufferedStorage();
+
+            Result Initialize(fs::SubStorage base_storage, IBufferManager *buffer_manager, size_t block_size, s32 buffer_count);
+            void Finalize();
+
+            bool IsInitialized() const { return this->caches != nullptr; }
+
+            virtual Result Read(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size) override;
+            virtual Result Write(s64 offset, const void *buffer, size_t size) override;
+
+            virtual Result GetSize(s64 *out) override;
+            virtual Result SetSize(s64 size) override;
+
+            virtual Result Flush() override;
+            virtual Result OperateRange(void *dst, size_t dst_size, fs::OperationId op_id, s64 offset, s64 size, const void *src, size_t src_size) override;
+            using IStorage::OperateRange;
+
+            void InvalidateCaches();
+
+            IBufferManager *GetBufferManager() const { return this->buffer_manager; }
+
+            void EnableBulkRead() { this->bulk_read_enabled = true; }
+        private:
+            Result PrepareAllocation();
+            Result ControlDirtiness();
+            Result ReadCore(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size);
+
+            bool ReadHeadCache(s64 *offset, void *buffer, size_t *size, s64 *buffer_offset);
+            bool ReadTailCache(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t *size, s64 buffer_offset);
+
+            Result BulkRead(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size, bool head_cache_needed, bool tail_cache_needed);
+
+            Result WriteCore(s64 offset, const void *buffer, size_t size);
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/save/fssystem_hierarchical_integrity_verification_storage.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/os.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_istorage.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_substorage.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_storage_type.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/save/fssystem_i_save_file.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/save/fssystem_integrity_verification_storage.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/save/fssystem_block_cache_buffered_storage.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem::save {
+
+    struct HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationLevelInformation {
+        fs::Int64 offset;
+        fs::Int64 size;
+        s32 block_order;
+        u8 reserved[4];
+    };
+    static_assert(std::is_pod<HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationLevelInformation>::value);
+    static_assert(sizeof(HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationLevelInformation) == 0x18);
+    static_assert(alignof(HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationLevelInformation) == 0x4);
+
+    struct HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationInformation {
+        u32 max_layers;
+        HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationLevelInformation info[IntegrityMaxLayerCount - 1];
+        fs::HashSalt seed;
+
+        s64 GetLayeredHashSize() const {
+            return this->info[this->max_layers - 2].offset;
+        }
+
+        s64 GetDataOffset() const {
+            return this->info[this->max_layers - 2].offset;
+        }
+
+        s64 GetDataSize() const {
+            return this->info[this->max_layers - 2].size;
+        }
+    };
+    static_assert(std::is_pod<HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationInformation>::value);
+
+    struct HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationMetaInformation {
+        u32 magic;
+        u32 version;
+        u32 master_hash_size;
+        HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationInformation level_hash_info;
+
+        /* TODO: Format */
+    };
+    static_assert(std::is_pod<HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationMetaInformation>::value);
+
+    struct HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationSizeSet {
+        s64 control_size;
+        s64 master_hash_size;
+        s64 layered_hash_sizes[IntegrityMaxLayerCount - 1];
+    };
+    static_assert(std::is_pod<HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationSizeSet>::value);
+
+    class HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorageControlArea {
+        NON_COPYABLE(HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorageControlArea);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorageControlArea);
+        public:
+            static constexpr size_t HashSize = crypto::Sha256Generator::HashSize;
+
+            struct InputParam {
+                size_t level_block_size[IntegrityMaxLayerCount - 1];
+            };
+            static_assert(std::is_pod<InputParam>::value);
+        private:
+            fs::SubStorage storage;
+            HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationMetaInformation meta;
+        public:
+            static Result QuerySize(HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationSizeSet *out, const InputParam &input_param, s32 layer_count, s64 data_size);
+            /* TODO Format */
+            static Result Expand(fs::SubStorage meta_storage, const HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationMetaInformation &meta);
+        public:
+            HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorageControlArea() { /* ... */ }
+
+            Result Initialize(fs::SubStorage meta_storage);
+            void Finalize();
+
+            u32 GetMasterHashSize() const { return this->meta.master_hash_size; }
+            void GetLevelHashInfo(HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationInformation *out) {
+                AMS_ASSERT(out != nullptr);
+                *out = this->meta.level_hash_info;
+            }
+    };
+
+    class HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage : public ::ams::fs::IStorage {
+        NON_COPYABLE(HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage);
+        private:
+            friend class HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationMetaInformation;
+        protected:
+            static constexpr s64 HashSize     = crypto::Sha256Generator::HashSize;
+            static constexpr size_t MaxLayers = IntegrityMaxLayerCount;
+        public:
+            using GenerateRandomFunction = void (*)(void *dst, size_t size);
+
+            class HierarchicalStorageInformation {
+                public:
+                    enum {
+                        MasterStorage = 0,
+                        Layer1Storage = 1,
+                        Layer2Storage = 2,
+                        Layer3Storage = 3,
+                        Layer4Storage = 4,
+                        Layer5Storage = 5,
+                        DataStorage   = 6,
+                    };
+                private:
+                    fs::SubStorage storages[DataStorage + 1];
+                public:
+                    void SetMasterHashStorage(fs::SubStorage s) { this->storages[MasterStorage] = s; }
+                    void SetLayer1HashStorage(fs::SubStorage s) { this->storages[Layer1Storage] = s; }
+                    void SetLayer2HashStorage(fs::SubStorage s) { this->storages[Layer2Storage] = s; }
+                    void SetLayer3HashStorage(fs::SubStorage s) { this->storages[Layer3Storage] = s; }
+                    void SetLayer4HashStorage(fs::SubStorage s) { this->storages[Layer4Storage] = s; }
+                    void SetLayer5HashStorage(fs::SubStorage s) { this->storages[Layer5Storage] = s; }
+                    void SetDataStorage(fs::SubStorage s)       { this->storages[DataStorage] = s; }
+
+                    fs::SubStorage &operator[](s32 index) {
+                        AMS_ASSERT(MasterStorage <= index && index <= DataStorage);
+                        return this->storages[index];
+                    }
+            };
+        private:
+            static GenerateRandomFunction s_generate_random;
+
+            static void SetGenerateRandomFunction(GenerateRandomFunction func) {
+                s_generate_random = func;
+            }
+        private:
+            FileSystemBufferManagerSet *buffers;
+            os::Mutex *mutex;
+            IntegrityVerificationStorage verify_storages[MaxLayers - 1];
+            BlockCacheBufferedStorage    buffer_storages[MaxLayers - 1];
+            s64 data_size;
+            s32 max_layers;
+            bool is_written_for_rollback;
+        public:
+            HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage() : buffers(nullptr), mutex(nullptr), data_size(-1), is_written_for_rollback(false) { /* ... */ }
+            virtual ~HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage() override { this->Finalize(); }
+
+            Result Initialize(const HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationInformation &info, HierarchicalStorageInformation storage, FileSystemBufferManagerSet *bufs, os::Mutex *mtx, fs::StorageType storage_type);
+            void Finalize();
+
+            virtual Result Read(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size) override;
+            virtual Result Write(s64 offset, const void *buffer, size_t size) override;
+
+            virtual Result SetSize(s64 size) override { return fs::ResultUnsupportedOperationInHierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorageA(); }
+            virtual Result GetSize(s64 *out) override;
+
+            virtual Result Flush() override;
+
+            virtual Result OperateRange(void *dst, size_t dst_size, fs::OperationId op_id, s64 offset, s64 size, const void *src, size_t src_size) override;
+            using IStorage::OperateRange;
+
+            Result Commit();
+            Result OnRollback();
+
+            bool IsInitialized() const {
+                return this->data_size >= 0;
+            }
+
+            bool IsWrittenForRollback() const {
+                return this->is_written_for_rollback;
+            }
+
+            FileSystemBufferManagerSet *GetBuffers() {
+                return this->buffers;
+            }
+
+            void GetParameters(HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorageControlArea::InputParam *out) const {
+                AMS_ASSERT(out != nullptr);
+                for (auto level = 0; level <= this->max_layers - 2; ++level) {
+                    out->level_block_size[level] = static_cast<size_t>(this->verify_storages[level].GetBlockSize());
+                }
+            }
+
+            s64 GetL1HashVerificationBlockSize() const {
+                return this->verify_storages[this->max_layers - 2].GetBlockSize();
+            }
+
+            fs::SubStorage GetL1HashStorage() {
+                return fs::SubStorage(std::addressof(this->buffer_storages[this->max_layers - 3]), 0, util::DivideUp(this->data_size, this->GetL1HashVerificationBlockSize()));
+            }
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/save/fssystem_i_save_file.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem::save {
+
+    /* TODO */
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/save/fssystem_i_save_file_system_driver.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem::save {
+
+    /* TODO */
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/save/fssystem_integrity_verification_storage.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/os.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_istorage.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_substorage.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_storage_type.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_save_data_types.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/save/fssystem_save_types.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/save/fssystem_i_save_file_system_driver.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/save/fssystem_block_cache_buffered_storage.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem::save {
+
+    class IntegrityVerificationStorage : public ::ams::fs::IStorage {
+        NON_COPYABLE(IntegrityVerificationStorage);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(IntegrityVerificationStorage);
+        public:
+            static constexpr s64 HashSize     = crypto::Sha256Generator::HashSize;
+
+            struct BlockHash {
+                u8 hash[HashSize];
+            };
+            static_assert(std::is_pod<BlockHash>::value);
+        private:
+            fs::SubStorage hash_storage;
+            fs::SubStorage data_storage;
+            s64 verification_block_size;
+            s64 verification_block_order;
+            s64 upper_layer_verification_block_size;
+            s64 upper_layer_verification_block_order;
+            IBufferManager *buffer_manager;
+            fs::HashSalt salt;
+            bool is_real_data;
+            fs::StorageType storage_type;
+        public:
+            IntegrityVerificationStorage() : verification_block_size(0), verification_block_order(0), upper_layer_verification_block_size(0), upper_layer_verification_block_order(0), buffer_manager(nullptr) { /* ... */ }
+            virtual ~IntegrityVerificationStorage() override { this->Finalize(); }
+
+            Result Initialize(fs::SubStorage hs, fs::SubStorage ds, s64 verif_block_size, s64 upper_layer_verif_block_size, IBufferManager *bm, const fs::HashSalt &salt, bool is_real_data, fs::StorageType storage_type);
+            void Finalize();
+
+            virtual Result Read(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size) override;
+            virtual Result Write(s64 offset, const void *buffer, size_t size) override;
+
+            virtual Result SetSize(s64 size) override { return fs::ResultUnsupportedOperationInIntegrityVerificationStorageA(); }
+            virtual Result GetSize(s64 *out) override;
+
+            virtual Result Flush() override;
+
+            virtual Result OperateRange(void *dst, size_t dst_size, fs::OperationId op_id, s64 offset, s64 size, const void *src, size_t src_size) override;
+            using IStorage::OperateRange;
+
+            void CalcBlockHash(BlockHash *out, const void *buffer, size_t block_size) const;
+
+            s64 GetBlockSize() const {
+                return this->verification_block_size;
+            }
+        private:
+            Result ReadBlockSignature(void *dst, size_t dst_size, s64 offset, size_t size);
+            Result WriteBlockSignature(const void *src, size_t src_size, s64 offset, size_t size);
+            Result VerifyHash(const void *buf, BlockHash *hash);
+
+            void CalcBlockHash(BlockHash *out, const void *buffer) const {
+                return this->CalcBlockHash(out, buffer, static_cast<size_t>(this->verification_block_size));
+            }
+
+            Result IsCleared(bool *is_cleared, const BlockHash &hash);
+        private:
+            static void SetValidationBit(BlockHash *hash) {
+                AMS_ASSERT(hash != nullptr);
+                hash->hash[HashSize - 1] |= 0x80;
+            }
+
+            static bool IsValidationBit(const BlockHash *hash) {
+                AMS_ASSERT(hash != nullptr);
+                return (hash->hash[HashSize - 1] & 0x80) != 0;
+            }
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/fssystem/save/fssystem_save_types.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/lmem.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_directory.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fs/fs_filesystem.hpp>
+#include <stratosphere/fssystem/dbm/fssystem_dbm_utils.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem::save {
+
+   constexpr inline bool IsPowerOfTwo(s32 val) {
+       return util::IsPowerOfTwo(val);
+   }
+
+   constexpr inline u32 ILog2(u32 val) {
+       AMS_ASSERT(val > 0);
+       return (BITSIZEOF(u32) - 1 - dbm::CountLeadingZeros(val));
+   }
+
+   constexpr inline u32 CeilPowerOfTwo(u32 val) {
+       if (val == 0) {
+           return 1;
+       }
+       return ((1u << (BITSIZEOF(u32) - 1)) >> (dbm::CountLeadingZeros(val - 1) - 1));
+   }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/hos/hos_stratosphere_api.hpp

@@ -20,5 +20,6 @@
 namespace ams::hos {
 
     void InitializeForStratosphere();
+    void InitializeForStratosphereDebug(hos::Version debug_version);
 
 }

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/spl/spl_api.hpp

@@ -15,19 +15,83 @@
  */
 
 #pragma once
-#include "spl_types.hpp"
+#include <stratosphere/spl/spl_types.hpp>
 
 namespace ams::spl {
 
-    HardwareType GetHardwareType();
-    MemoryArrangement GetMemoryArrangement();
-    bool IsDisabledProgramVerification();
-    bool IsDevelopmentHardware();
-    bool IsDevelopmentFunctionEnabled();
-    bool IsMariko();
-    bool IsRecoveryBoot();
+    void Initialize();
+    void InitializeForCrypto();
+    void InitializeForSsl();
+    void InitializeForEs();
+    void InitializeForFs();
+    void InitializeForManu();
 
-    Result GenerateAesKek(AccessKey *access_key, const void *key_source, size_t key_source_size, u32 generation, u32 option);
+    void Finalize();
+
+    Result AllocateAesKeySlot(s32 *out_slot);
+    Result DeallocateAesKeySlot(s32 slot);
+
+    Result GenerateAesKek(AccessKey *access_key, const void *key_source, size_t key_source_size, s32 generation, u32 option);
+    Result LoadAesKey(s32 slot, const AccessKey &access_key, const void *key_source, size_t key_source_size);
     Result GenerateAesKey(void *dst, size_t dst_size, const AccessKey &access_key, const void *key_source, size_t key_source_size);
+    Result GenerateSpecificAesKey(void *dst, size_t dst_size, const void *key_source, size_t key_source_size, s32 generation, u32 option);
+    Result ComputeCtr(void *dst, size_t dst_size, s32 slot, const void *src, size_t src_size, const void *iv, size_t iv_size);
+    Result DecryptAesKey(void *dst, size_t dst_size, const void *src, size_t src_size, s32 generation, u32 option);
+
+    Result GetConfig(u64 *out, ConfigItem item);
+    bool IsDevelopment();
+    MemoryArrangement GetMemoryArrangement();
+
+    inline bool GetConfigBool(ConfigItem item) {
+        u64 v;
+        R_ABORT_UNLESS(::ams::spl::GetConfig(std::addressof(v), item));
+        return v != 0;
+    }
+
+    inline HardwareType GetHardwareType() {
+        u64 v;
+        R_ABORT_UNLESS(::ams::spl::GetConfig(std::addressof(v), ::ams::spl::ConfigItem::HardwareType));
+        return static_cast<HardwareType>(v);
+    }
+
+    inline HardwareState GetHardwareState() {
+        u64 v;
+        R_ABORT_UNLESS(::ams::spl::GetConfig(std::addressof(v), ::ams::spl::ConfigItem::HardwareState));
+        return static_cast<HardwareState>(v);
+    }
+
+    inline u64 GetDeviceIdLow() {
+        u64 v;
+        R_ABORT_UNLESS(::ams::spl::GetConfig(std::addressof(v), ::ams::spl::ConfigItem::DeviceId));
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    inline bool IsRecoveryBoot() {
+        return ::ams::spl::GetConfigBool(::ams::spl::ConfigItem::IsRecoveryBoot);
+    }
+
+    inline bool IsDevelopmentFunctionEnabled() {
+        return ::ams::spl::GetConfigBool(::ams::spl::ConfigItem::IsDevelopmentFunctionEnabled);
+    }
+
+    inline bool IsDisabledProgramVerification() {
+        return ::ams::spl::GetConfigBool(::ams::spl::ConfigItem::DisableProgramVerification);
+    }
+
+    Result SetBootReason(BootReasonValue boot_reason);
+    Result GetBootReason(BootReasonValue *out);
+
+    inline BootReasonValue GetBootReason() {
+        BootReasonValue br;
+        R_ABORT_UNLESS(::ams::spl::GetBootReason(std::addressof(br)));
+        return br;
+    }
+
+    SocType GetSocType();
+
+    Result GetPackage2Hash(void *dst, size_t dst_size);
+    Result GenerateRandomBytes(void *out, size_t buffer_size);
+
+    Result LoadPreparedAesKey(s32 slot, const AccessKey &access_key);
 
 }

libraries/libstratosphere/include/stratosphere/spl/spl_types.hpp

@@ -112,6 +112,17 @@ namespace ams::spl {
         Hoag    = 2,
         Iowa    = 3,
         Calcio  = 4,
+        _Five_  = 5,
+    };
+
+    enum SocType {
+        SocType_Erista = 0,
+        SocType_Mariko = 1,
+    };
+
+    enum HardwareState {
+        HardwareState_Development = 0,
+        HardwareState_Production  = 1,
     };
 
     enum MemoryArrangement {
@@ -185,23 +196,23 @@ namespace ams::spl {
 
     enum class ConfigItem : u32 {
         /* Standard config items. */
-        DisableProgramVerification  = 1,
-        DramId                      = 2,
-        SecurityEngineIrqNumber     = 3,
-        Version                     = 4,
-        HardwareType                = 5,
-        IsRetail                    = 6,
-        IsRecoveryBoot              = 7,
-        DeviceId                    = 8,
-        BootReason                  = 9,
-        MemoryMode                  = 10,
-        IsDebugMode                 = 11,
-        KernelConfiguration         = 12,
-        IsChargerHiZModeEnabled     = 13,
-        IsQuest                     = 14,
-        RegulatorType               = 15,
-        DeviceUniqueKeyGeneration   = 16,
-        Package2Hash                = 17,
+        DisableProgramVerification   = 1,
+        DramId                       = 2,
+        SecurityEngineIrqNumber      = 3,
+        FuseVersion                  = 4,
+        HardwareType                 = 5,
+        HardwareState                = 6,
+        IsRecoveryBoot               = 7,
+        DeviceId                     = 8,
+        BootReason                   = 9,
+        MemoryMode                   = 10,
+        IsDevelopmentFunctionEnabled = 11,
+        KernelConfiguration          = 12,
+        IsChargerHiZModeEnabled      = 13,
+        IsQuest                      = 14,
+        RegulatorType                = 15,
+        DeviceUniqueKeyGeneration    = 16,
+        Package2Hash                 = 17,
 
         /* Extension config items for exosphere. */
         ExosphereApiVersion     = 65000,

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fs/fs_file_storage.cpp

@@ -90,6 +90,18 @@ namespace ams::fs {
         }
     }
 
+    Result FileStorageBasedFileSystem::Initialize(std::shared_ptr<fs::fsa::IFileSystem> base_file_system, const char *path, fs::OpenMode mode) {
+        /* Open the file. */
+        std::unique_ptr<fs::fsa::IFile> base_file;
+        R_TRY(base_file_system->OpenFile(std::addressof(base_file), path, mode));
+
+        /* Set the file. */
+        this->SetFile(std::move(base_file));
+        this->base_file_system = std::move(base_file_system);
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
     Result FileHandleStorage::UpdateSize() {
         R_SUCCEED_IF(this->size != InvalidSize);
         return GetFileSize(std::addressof(this->size), this->handle);

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssrv/fscreator/fssrv_partition_file_system_creator.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssrv::fscreator {
+
+    Result PartitionFileSystemCreator::Create(std::shared_ptr<fs::fsa::IFileSystem> *out, std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> storage) {
+        /* Allocate a filesystem. */
+        std::shared_ptr fs = fssystem::AllocateShared<fssystem::PartitionFileSystem>();
+        R_UNLESS(fs != nullptr, fs::ResultAllocationFailureInPartitionFileSystemCreatorA());
+
+        /* Initialize the filesystem. */
+        R_TRY(fs->Initialize(std::move(storage)));
+
+        /* Set the output. */
+        *out = std::move(fs);
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssrv/fscreator/fssrv_rom_file_system_creator.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssrv::fscreator {
+
+    namespace {
+
+        class RomFileSystemWithBuffer : public ::ams::fssystem::RomFsFileSystem {
+            private:
+                void *meta_cache_buffer;
+                size_t meta_cache_buffer_size;
+                MemoryResource *allocator;
+            public:
+                explicit RomFileSystemWithBuffer(MemoryResource *mr) : meta_cache_buffer(nullptr), allocator(mr) { /* ... */ }
+
+                ~RomFileSystemWithBuffer() {
+                    if (this->meta_cache_buffer != nullptr) {
+                        this->allocator->Deallocate(this->meta_cache_buffer, this->meta_cache_buffer_size);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                Result Initialize(std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> storage) {
+                    /* Check if the buffer is eligible for cache. */
+                    size_t buffer_size = 0;
+                    if (R_FAILED(RomFsFileSystem::GetRequiredWorkingMemorySize(std::addressof(buffer_size), storage.get())) || buffer_size == 0 || buffer_size >= 128_KB) {
+                        return RomFsFileSystem::Initialize(std::move(storage), nullptr, 0, false);
+                    }
+
+                    /* Allocate a buffer. */
+                    this->meta_cache_buffer = this->allocator->Allocate(buffer_size);
+                    if (this->meta_cache_buffer == nullptr) {
+                        return RomFsFileSystem::Initialize(std::move(storage), nullptr, 0, false);
+                    }
+
+                    /* Initialize with cache buffer. */
+                    this->meta_cache_buffer_size = buffer_size;
+                    return RomFsFileSystem::Initialize(std::move(storage), this->meta_cache_buffer, this->meta_cache_buffer_size, true);
+                }
+        };
+
+    }
+
+    Result RomFileSystemCreator::Create(std::shared_ptr<fs::fsa::IFileSystem> *out, std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> storage) {
+        /* Allocate a filesystem. */
+        std::shared_ptr fs = fssystem::AllocateShared<RomFileSystemWithBuffer>(this->allocator);
+        R_UNLESS(fs != nullptr, fs::ResultAllocationFailureInRomFileSystemCreatorA());
+
+        /* Initialize the filesystem. */
+        R_TRY(fs->Initialize(std::move(storage)));
+
+        /* Set the output. */
+        *out = std::move(fs);
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssrv/fscreator/fssrv_storage_on_nca_creator.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssrv::fscreator {
+
+    Result StorageOnNcaCreator::VerifyAcid(fs::fsa::IFileSystem *fs, fssystem::NcaReader *nca_reader) {
+        /* Open the npdm. */
+        constexpr const char MetaFilePath[] = "/main.npdm";
+        std::unique_ptr<fs::fsa::IFile> file;
+        R_TRY(fs->OpenFile(std::addressof(file), MetaFilePath, fs::OpenMode_Read));
+
+        size_t size;
+
+        /* Read the Acid signature key generation. */
+        constexpr s64 AcidSignatureKeyGenerationOffset = offsetof(ldr::Npdm, signature_key_generation);
+        u32 acid_signature_key_generation;
+        R_TRY(file->Read(std::addressof(size), AcidSignatureKeyGenerationOffset, std::addressof(acid_signature_key_generation), sizeof(acid_signature_key_generation), fs::ReadOption()));
+        R_UNLESS(size == sizeof(acid_signature_key_generation), fs::ResultInvalidAcidFileSize());
+
+        /* Read the Acid offset. */
+        constexpr s64 AcidOffsetOffset = offsetof(ldr::Npdm, acid_offset);
+        s32 acid_offset;
+        R_TRY(file->Read(std::addressof(size), AcidOffsetOffset, std::addressof(acid_offset), sizeof(acid_offset), fs::ReadOption()));
+        R_UNLESS(size == sizeof(acid_offset), fs::ResultInvalidAcidFileSize());
+
+        /* Read the Acid size. */
+        constexpr s64 AcidSizeOffset = offsetof(ldr::Npdm, acid_size);
+        s32 acid_size;
+        R_TRY(file->Read(std::addressof(size), AcidSizeOffset, std::addressof(acid_size), sizeof(acid_size), fs::ReadOption()));
+        R_UNLESS(size == sizeof(acid_size), fs::ResultInvalidAcidFileSize());
+
+        /* Allocate memory for the acid. */
+        u8 *acid = static_cast<u8 *>(this->allocator->Allocate(acid_size));
+        R_UNLESS(acid != nullptr, fs::ResultAllocationFailureInStorageOnNcaCreatorA());
+        ON_SCOPE_EXIT { this->allocator->Deallocate(acid, acid_size); };
+
+        /* Read the acid. */
+        R_TRY(file->Read(std::addressof(size), acid_offset, acid, acid_size, fs::ReadOption()));
+        R_UNLESS(size == static_cast<size_t>(acid_size), fs::ResultInvalidAcidSize());
+
+        /* Define interesting extents. */
+        constexpr s32 AcidSignOffset           = 0x000;
+        constexpr s32 AcidSignSize             = 0x100;
+        constexpr s32 HeaderSign2KeyOffset     = 0x100;
+        constexpr s32 HeaderSign2KeySize       = 0x100;
+        constexpr s32 AcidSignTargetOffset     = 0x100;
+        constexpr s32 AcidSignTargetSizeOffset = 0x204;
+
+        /* Read the sign target size. */
+        R_UNLESS(acid_size >= static_cast<s32>(AcidSignTargetSizeOffset + sizeof(s32)), fs::ResultInvalidAcidSize());
+        const s32 acid_sign_target_size = *reinterpret_cast<const s32 *>(acid + AcidSignTargetSizeOffset);
+
+        /* Validate the sign target size. */
+        R_UNLESS(acid_size >= static_cast<s32>(acid_sign_target_size + sizeof(s32)), fs::ResultInvalidAcidSize());
+        R_UNLESS(acid_size >= AcidSignTargetOffset + acid_sign_target_size,          fs::ResultInvalidAcidSize());
+
+        /* Verify the signature. */
+        {
+            const u8 *sig         = acid + AcidSignOffset;
+            const size_t sig_size = static_cast<size_t>(AcidSignSize);
+            const u8 *mod         = fssystem::GetAcidSignatureKeyModulus(this->is_prod, acid_signature_key_generation);
+            const size_t mod_size = fssystem::AcidSignatureKeyModulusSize;
+            const u8 *exp         = fssystem::GetAcidSignatureKeyPublicExponent();
+            const size_t exp_size = fssystem::AcidSignatureKeyPublicExponentSize;
+            const u8 *msg         = acid + AcidSignTargetOffset;
+            const size_t msg_size = acid_sign_target_size;
+            const bool is_signature_valid = crypto::VerifyRsa2048PssSha256(sig, sig_size, mod, mod_size, exp, exp_size, msg, msg_size);
+            if (!is_signature_valid) {
+                /* If the signature is invalid, then unless program verification is disabled error out. */
+                R_UNLESS(!this->is_enabled_program_verification, fs::ResultAcidVerificationFailed());
+
+                /* If program verification is disabled, then we're fine. */
+                return ResultSuccess();
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* If we have an nca reader, verify the header signature using the key from the acid. */
+        if (nca_reader) {
+            /* Verify that the acid contains a key to validate the second signature with. */
+            R_UNLESS(acid_size >= HeaderSign2KeyOffset + HeaderSign2KeySize, fs::ResultInvalidAcidSize());
+
+            /* Validate that this key has its top byte set (and is thus approximately 2048 bits). */
+            R_UNLESS(*(acid + HeaderSign2KeyOffset + HeaderSign2KeySize - 1) != 0x00, fs::ResultInvalidAcid());
+
+            R_TRY(nca_reader->VerifyHeaderSign2(reinterpret_cast<char *>(acid) + HeaderSign2KeyOffset, HeaderSign2KeySize));
+        }
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result StorageOnNcaCreator::Create(std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> *out, fssystem::NcaFsHeaderReader *out_header_reader, std::shared_ptr<fssystem::NcaReader> nca_reader, s32 index, bool verify_header_sign_2) {
+        /* Create a fs driver. */
+        fssystem::NcaFileSystemDriver nca_fs_driver(nca_reader, this->allocator, this->buffer_manager);
+
+        /* Open the storage. */
+        std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> storage;
+        R_TRY(nca_fs_driver.OpenStorage(std::addressof(storage), out_header_reader, index));
+
+        /* If we should, verify the header signature. */
+        if (verify_header_sign_2) {
+            R_TRY(this->VerifyNcaHeaderSign2(nca_reader.get(), storage.get()));
+        }
+
+        /* Set the out storage. */
+        *out = std::move(storage);
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result StorageOnNcaCreator::CreateWithPatch(std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> *out, fssystem::NcaFsHeaderReader *out_header_reader, std::shared_ptr<fssystem::NcaReader> original_nca_reader, std::shared_ptr<fssystem::NcaReader> current_nca_reader, s32 index, bool verify_header_sign_2) {
+        /* Create a fs driver. */
+        fssystem::NcaFileSystemDriver nca_fs_driver(original_nca_reader, current_nca_reader, this->allocator, this->buffer_manager);
+
+        /* Open the storage. */
+        std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> storage;
+        R_TRY(nca_fs_driver.OpenStorage(std::addressof(storage), out_header_reader, index));
+
+        /* If we should, verify the header signature. */
+        if (verify_header_sign_2) {
+            R_TRY(this->VerifyNcaHeaderSign2(current_nca_reader.get(), storage.get()));
+        }
+
+        /* Set the out storage. */
+        *out = std::move(storage);
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result StorageOnNcaCreator::CreateNcaReader(std::shared_ptr<fssystem::NcaReader> *out, std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> storage) {
+        /* Create a reader. */
+        std::shared_ptr reader = fssystem::AllocateShared<fssystem::NcaReader>();
+        R_UNLESS(reader != nullptr, fs::ResultAllocationFailureInStorageOnNcaCreatorB());
+
+        /* Initialize the reader. */
+        R_TRY(reader->Initialize(std::move(storage), this->nca_crypto_cfg));
+
+        /* Set the output. */
+        *out = std::move(reader);
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    void StorageOnNcaCreator::SetEnabledProgramVerification(bool en) {
+        if (!this->is_prod) {
+            this->is_enabled_program_verification = en;
+        }
+    }
+
+    Result StorageOnNcaCreator::VerifyNcaHeaderSign2(fssystem::NcaReader *nca_reader, fs::IStorage *storage) {
+        fssystem::PartitionFileSystem part_fs;
+        R_TRY(part_fs.Initialize(storage));
+        return this->VerifyAcid(std::addressof(part_fs), nca_reader);
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssrv/fssrv_file_system_proxy_api.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssrv {
+
+    void InitializeForFileSystemProxy(fscreator::FileSystemCreatorInterfaces *fs_creator_interfaces, fssystem::IBufferManager *buffer_manager, bool is_development_function_enabled) {
+        /* TODO FS-REIMPL */
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssrv/fssrv_memory_resource_from_exp_heap.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssrv {
+
+    namespace {
+
+        size_t GetUsedSize(void *p) {
+            const auto block_head = reinterpret_cast<const lmem::impl::ExpHeapMemoryBlockHead *>(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(p) - sizeof(lmem::impl::ExpHeapMemoryBlockHead));
+            return block_head->block_size + ((block_head->attributes >> 8) & 0x7F) + sizeof(lmem::impl::ExpHeapMemoryBlockHead);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    void PeakCheckableMemoryResourceFromExpHeap::OnAllocate(void *p, size_t size) {
+        if (p != nullptr) {
+            this->current_free_size = GetUsedSize(p);
+            this->peak_free_size = std::min(this->peak_free_size, this->current_free_size);
+        }
+    }
+
+    void PeakCheckableMemoryResourceFromExpHeap::OnDeallocate(void *p, size_t size) {
+        if (p != nullptr) {
+            this->current_free_size += GetUsedSize(p);
+        }
+    }
+
+    void *PeakCheckableMemoryResourceFromExpHeap::AllocateImpl(size_t size, size_t align) {
+        std::scoped_lock lk(this->mutex);
+
+        void *p = lmem::AllocateFromExpHeap(this->heap_handle, size, static_cast<s32>(align));
+        this->OnAllocate(p, size);
+        return p;
+    }
+
+    void PeakCheckableMemoryResourceFromExpHeap::DeallocateImpl(void *p, size_t size, size_t align) {
+        std::scoped_lock lk(this->mutex);
+
+        this->OnDeallocate(p, size);
+        lmem::FreeToExpHeap(this->heap_handle, p);
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssrv/fssrv_memory_resource_from_standard_allocator.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssrv {
+
+    MemoryResourceFromStandardAllocator::MemoryResourceFromStandardAllocator(mem::StandardAllocator *allocator) : allocator(allocator), mutex() {
+        this->current_free_size = this->allocator->GetTotalFreeSize();
+        this->ClearPeak();
+    }
+
+    void MemoryResourceFromStandardAllocator::ClearPeak() {
+        std::scoped_lock lk(this->mutex);
+        this->peak_free_size      = this->current_free_size;
+        this->peak_allocated_size = 0;
+    }
+
+    void *MemoryResourceFromStandardAllocator::AllocateImpl(size_t size, size_t align) {
+        std::scoped_lock lk(this->mutex);
+
+        void *p = this->allocator->Allocate(size, align);
+
+        if (p != nullptr) {
+            this->current_free_size -= this->allocator->GetSizeOf(p);
+            this->peak_free_size = std::min(this->peak_free_size, this->current_free_size);
+        }
+
+        this->peak_allocated_size = std::max(this->peak_allocated_size, size);
+
+        return p;
+    }
+
+    void MemoryResourceFromStandardAllocator::DeallocateImpl(void *p, size_t size, size_t align) {
+        std::scoped_lock lk(this->mutex);
+
+        this->current_free_size += this->allocator->GetSizeOf(p);
+        this->allocator->Free(p);
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssrv/fssrv_nca_crypto_configuration.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssrv {
+
+    namespace {
+
+        constexpr inline const u8 HeaderSign1KeyModulusDev[fssystem::NcaCryptoConfiguration::Header1SignatureKeyGenerationMax + 1][fssystem::NcaCryptoConfiguration::Rsa2048KeyModulusSize] = {
+            {
+                0xD8, 0xF1, 0x18, 0xEF, 0x32, 0x72, 0x4C, 0xA7, 0x47, 0x4C, 0xB9, 0xEA, 0xB3, 0x04, 0xA8, 0xA4,
+                0xAC, 0x99, 0x08, 0x08, 0x04, 0xBF, 0x68, 0x57, 0xB8, 0x43, 0x94, 0x2B, 0xC7, 0xB9, 0x66, 0x49,
+                0x85, 0xE5, 0x8A, 0x9B, 0xC1, 0x00, 0x9A, 0x6A, 0x8D, 0xD0, 0xEF, 0xCE, 0xFF, 0x86, 0xC8, 0x5C,
+                0x5D, 0xE9, 0x53, 0x7B, 0x19, 0x2A, 0xA8, 0xC0, 0x22, 0xD1, 0xF3, 0x22, 0x0A, 0x50, 0xF2, 0x2B,
+                0x65, 0x05, 0x1B, 0x9E, 0xEC, 0x61, 0xB5, 0x63, 0xA3, 0x6F, 0x3B, 0xBA, 0x63, 0x3A, 0x53, 0xF4,
+                0x49, 0x2F, 0xCF, 0x03, 0xCC, 0xD7, 0x50, 0x82, 0x1B, 0x29, 0x4F, 0x08, 0xDE, 0x1B, 0x6D, 0x47,
+                0x4F, 0xA8, 0xB6, 0x6A, 0x26, 0xA0, 0x83, 0x3F, 0x1A, 0xAF, 0x83, 0x8F, 0x0E, 0x17, 0x3F, 0xFE,
+                0x44, 0x1C, 0x56, 0x94, 0x2E, 0x49, 0x83, 0x83, 0x03, 0xE9, 0xB6, 0xAD, 0xD5, 0xDE, 0xE3, 0x2D,
+                0xA1, 0xD9, 0x66, 0x20, 0x5D, 0x1F, 0x5E, 0x96, 0x5D, 0x5B, 0x55, 0x0D, 0xD4, 0xB4, 0x77, 0x6E,
+                0xAE, 0x1B, 0x69, 0xF3, 0xA6, 0x61, 0x0E, 0x51, 0x62, 0x39, 0x28, 0x63, 0x75, 0x76, 0xBF, 0xB0,
+                0xD2, 0x22, 0xEF, 0x98, 0x25, 0x02, 0x05, 0xC0, 0xD7, 0x6A, 0x06, 0x2C, 0xA5, 0xD8, 0x5A, 0x9D,
+                0x7A, 0xA4, 0x21, 0x55, 0x9F, 0xF9, 0x3E, 0xBF, 0x16, 0xF6, 0x07, 0xC2, 0xB9, 0x6E, 0x87, 0x9E,
+                0xB5, 0x1C, 0xBE, 0x97, 0xFA, 0x82, 0x7E, 0xED, 0x30, 0xD4, 0x66, 0x3F, 0xDE, 0xD8, 0x1B, 0x4B,
+                0x15, 0xD9, 0xFB, 0x2F, 0x50, 0xF0, 0x9D, 0x1D, 0x52, 0x4C, 0x1C, 0x4D, 0x8D, 0xAE, 0x85, 0x1E,
+                0xEA, 0x7F, 0x86, 0xF3, 0x0B, 0x7B, 0x87, 0x81, 0x98, 0x23, 0x80, 0x63, 0x4F, 0x2F, 0xB0, 0x62,
+                0xCC, 0x6E, 0xD2, 0x46, 0x13, 0x65, 0x2B, 0xD6, 0x44, 0x33, 0x59, 0xB5, 0x8F, 0xB9, 0x4A, 0xA9
+            },
+            {
+                0x9A, 0xBC, 0x88, 0xBD, 0x0A, 0xBE, 0xD7, 0x0C, 0x9B, 0x42, 0x75, 0x65, 0x38, 0x5E, 0xD1, 0x01,
+                0xCD, 0x12, 0xAE, 0xEA, 0xE9, 0x4B, 0xDB, 0xB4, 0x5E, 0x36, 0x10, 0x96, 0xDA, 0x3D, 0x2E, 0x66,
+                0xD3, 0x99, 0x13, 0x8A, 0xBE, 0x67, 0x41, 0xC8, 0x93, 0xD9, 0x3E, 0x42, 0xCE, 0x34, 0xCE, 0x96,
+                0xFA, 0x0B, 0x23, 0xCC, 0x2C, 0xDF, 0x07, 0x3F, 0x3B, 0x24, 0x4B, 0x12, 0x67, 0x3A, 0x29, 0x36,
+                0xA3, 0xAA, 0x06, 0xF0, 0x65, 0xA5, 0x85, 0xBA, 0xFD, 0x12, 0xEC, 0xF1, 0x60, 0x67, 0xF0, 0x8F,
+                0xD3, 0x5B, 0x01, 0x1B, 0x1E, 0x84, 0xA3, 0x5C, 0x65, 0x36, 0xF9, 0x23, 0x7E, 0xF3, 0x26, 0x38,
+                0x64, 0x98, 0xBA, 0xE4, 0x19, 0x91, 0x4C, 0x02, 0xCF, 0xC9, 0x6D, 0x86, 0xEC, 0x1D, 0x41, 0x69,
+                0xDD, 0x56, 0xEA, 0x5C, 0xA3, 0x2A, 0x58, 0xB4, 0x39, 0xCC, 0x40, 0x31, 0xFD, 0xFB, 0x42, 0x74,
+                0xF8, 0xEC, 0xEA, 0x00, 0xF0, 0xD9, 0x28, 0xEA, 0xFA, 0x2D, 0x00, 0xE1, 0x43, 0x53, 0xC6, 0x32,
+                0xF4, 0xA2, 0x07, 0xD4, 0x5F, 0xD4, 0xCB, 0xAC, 0xCA, 0xFF, 0xDF, 0x84, 0xD2, 0x86, 0x14, 0x3C,
+                0xDE, 0x22, 0x75, 0xA5, 0x73, 0xFF, 0x68, 0x07, 0x4A, 0xF9, 0x7C, 0x2C, 0xCC, 0xDE, 0x45, 0xB6,
+                0x54, 0x82, 0x90, 0x36, 0x1F, 0x2C, 0x51, 0x96, 0xC5, 0x0A, 0x53, 0x5B, 0xF0, 0x8B, 0x4A, 0xAA,
+                0x3B, 0x68, 0x97, 0x19, 0x17, 0x1F, 0x01, 0xB8, 0xED, 0xB9, 0x9A, 0x5E, 0x08, 0xC5, 0x20, 0x1E,
+                0x6A, 0x09, 0xF0, 0xE9, 0x73, 0xA3, 0xBE, 0x10, 0x06, 0x02, 0xE9, 0xFB, 0x85, 0xFA, 0x5F, 0x01,
+                0xAC, 0x60, 0xE0, 0xED, 0x7D, 0xB9, 0x49, 0xA8, 0x9E, 0x98, 0x7D, 0x91, 0x40, 0x05, 0xCF, 0xF9,
+                0x1A, 0xFC, 0x40, 0x22, 0xA8, 0x96, 0x5B, 0xB0, 0xDC, 0x7A, 0xF5, 0xB7, 0xE9, 0x91, 0x4C, 0x49
+            }
+        };
+
+        constexpr inline const u8 HeaderSign1KeyModulusProd[fssystem::NcaCryptoConfiguration::Header1SignatureKeyGenerationMax + 1][fssystem::NcaCryptoConfiguration::Rsa2048KeyModulusSize] = {
+            {
+                0xBF, 0xBE, 0x40, 0x6C, 0xF4, 0xA7, 0x80, 0xE9, 0xF0, 0x7D, 0x0C, 0x99, 0x61, 0x1D, 0x77, 0x2F,
+                0x96, 0xBC, 0x4B, 0x9E, 0x58, 0x38, 0x1B, 0x03, 0xAB, 0xB1, 0x75, 0x49, 0x9F, 0x2B, 0x4D, 0x58,
+                0x34, 0xB0, 0x05, 0xA3, 0x75, 0x22, 0xBE, 0x1A, 0x3F, 0x03, 0x73, 0xAC, 0x70, 0x68, 0xD1, 0x16,
+                0xB9, 0x04, 0x46, 0x5E, 0xB7, 0x07, 0x91, 0x2F, 0x07, 0x8B, 0x26, 0xDE, 0xF6, 0x00, 0x07, 0xB2,
+                0xB4, 0x51, 0xF8, 0x0D, 0x0A, 0x5E, 0x58, 0xAD, 0xEB, 0xBC, 0x9A, 0xD6, 0x49, 0xB9, 0x64, 0xEF,
+                0xA7, 0x82, 0xB5, 0xCF, 0x6D, 0x70, 0x13, 0xB0, 0x0F, 0x85, 0xF6, 0xA9, 0x08, 0xAA, 0x4D, 0x67,
+                0x66, 0x87, 0xFA, 0x89, 0xFF, 0x75, 0x90, 0x18, 0x1E, 0x6B, 0x3D, 0xE9, 0x8A, 0x68, 0xC9, 0x26,
+                0x04, 0xD9, 0x80, 0xCE, 0x3F, 0x5E, 0x92, 0xCE, 0x01, 0xFF, 0x06, 0x3B, 0xF2, 0xC1, 0xA9, 0x0C,
+                0xCE, 0x02, 0x6F, 0x16, 0xBC, 0x92, 0x42, 0x0A, 0x41, 0x64, 0xCD, 0x52, 0xB6, 0x34, 0x4D, 0xAE,
+                0xC0, 0x2E, 0xDE, 0xA4, 0xDF, 0x27, 0x68, 0x3C, 0xC1, 0xA0, 0x60, 0xAD, 0x43, 0xF3, 0xFC, 0x86,
+                0xC1, 0x3E, 0x6C, 0x46, 0xF7, 0x7C, 0x29, 0x9F, 0xFA, 0xFD, 0xF0, 0xE3, 0xCE, 0x64, 0xE7, 0x35,
+                0xF2, 0xF6, 0x56, 0x56, 0x6F, 0x6D, 0xF1, 0xE2, 0x42, 0xB0, 0x83, 0x40, 0xA5, 0xC3, 0x20, 0x2B,
+                0xCC, 0x9A, 0xAE, 0xCA, 0xED, 0x4D, 0x70, 0x30, 0xA8, 0x70, 0x1C, 0x70, 0xFD, 0x13, 0x63, 0x29,
+                0x02, 0x79, 0xEA, 0xD2, 0xA7, 0xAF, 0x35, 0x28, 0x32, 0x1C, 0x7B, 0xE6, 0x2F, 0x1A, 0xAA, 0x40,
+                0x7E, 0x32, 0x8C, 0x27, 0x42, 0xFE, 0x82, 0x78, 0xEC, 0x0D, 0xEB, 0xE6, 0x83, 0x4B, 0x6D, 0x81,
+                0x04, 0x40, 0x1A, 0x9E, 0x9A, 0x67, 0xF6, 0x72, 0x29, 0xFA, 0x04, 0xF0, 0x9D, 0xE4, 0xF4, 0x03
+            },
+            {
+                0xAD, 0xE3, 0xE1, 0xFA, 0x04, 0x35, 0xE5, 0xB6, 0xDD, 0x49, 0xEA, 0x89, 0x29, 0xB1, 0xFF, 0xB6,
+                0x43, 0xDF, 0xCA, 0x96, 0xA0, 0x4A, 0x13, 0xDF, 0x43, 0xD9, 0x94, 0x97, 0x96, 0x43, 0x65, 0x48,
+                0x70, 0x58, 0x33, 0xA2, 0x7D, 0x35, 0x7B, 0x96, 0x74, 0x5E, 0x0B, 0x5C, 0x32, 0x18, 0x14, 0x24,
+                0xC2, 0x58, 0xB3, 0x6C, 0x22, 0x7A, 0xA1, 0xB7, 0xCB, 0x90, 0xA7, 0xA3, 0xF9, 0x7D, 0x45, 0x16,
+                0xA5, 0xC8, 0xED, 0x8F, 0xAD, 0x39, 0x5E, 0x9E, 0x4B, 0x51, 0x68, 0x7D, 0xF8, 0x0C, 0x35, 0xC6,
+                0x3F, 0x91, 0xAE, 0x44, 0xA5, 0x92, 0x30, 0x0D, 0x46, 0xF8, 0x40, 0xFF, 0xD0, 0xFF, 0x06, 0xD2,
+                0x1C, 0x7F, 0x96, 0x18, 0xDC, 0xB7, 0x1D, 0x66, 0x3E, 0xD1, 0x73, 0xBC, 0x15, 0x8A, 0x2F, 0x94,
+                0xF3, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x83, 0xF1, 0xCD, 0xD7, 0x81, 0x88, 0xAB, 0xDF, 0x8C, 0xEF, 0x97, 0xDD, 0x1B,
+                0x17, 0x5F, 0x58, 0xF6, 0x9A, 0xE9, 0xE8, 0xC2, 0x2F, 0x38, 0x15, 0xF5, 0x21, 0x07, 0xF8, 0x37,
+                0x90, 0x5D, 0x2E, 0x02, 0x40, 0x24, 0x15, 0x0D, 0x25, 0xB7, 0x26, 0x5D, 0x09, 0xCC, 0x4C, 0xF4,
+                0xF2, 0x1B, 0x94, 0x70, 0x5A, 0x9E, 0xEE, 0xED, 0x77, 0x77, 0xD4, 0x51, 0x99, 0xF5, 0xDC, 0x76,
+                0x1E, 0xE3, 0x6C, 0x8C, 0xD1, 0x12, 0xD4, 0x57, 0xD1, 0xB6, 0x83, 0xE4, 0xE4, 0xFE, 0xDA, 0xE9,
+                0xB4, 0x3B, 0x33, 0xE5, 0x37, 0x8A, 0xDF, 0xB5, 0x7F, 0x89, 0xF1, 0x9B, 0x9E, 0xB0, 0x15, 0xB2,
+                0x3A, 0xFE, 0xEA, 0x61, 0x84, 0x5B, 0x7D, 0x4B, 0x23, 0x12, 0x0B, 0x83, 0x12, 0xF2, 0x22, 0x6B,
+                0xB9, 0x22, 0x96, 0x4B, 0x26, 0x0B, 0x63, 0x5E, 0x96, 0x57, 0x52, 0xA3, 0x67, 0x64, 0x22, 0xCA,
+                0xD0, 0x56, 0x3E, 0x74, 0xB5, 0x98, 0x1F, 0x0D, 0xF8, 0xB3, 0x34, 0xE6, 0x98, 0x68, 0x5A, 0xAD
+            }
+        };
+
+        constexpr inline const ::ams::fssystem::NcaCryptoConfiguration DefaultNcaCryptoConfigurationDev = {
+            /* Header1 Signature Key Moduli */
+            { HeaderSign1KeyModulusDev[0], HeaderSign1KeyModulusDev[1] },
+
+            /* Header 1 Signature Key Public Exponent */
+            { 0x01, 0x00, 0x01 },
+
+            /* Key Area Encryption Key Sources */
+            {
+                /* Application */
+                { 0x7F, 0x59, 0x97, 0x1E, 0x62, 0x9F, 0x36, 0xA1, 0x30, 0x98, 0x06, 0x6F, 0x21, 0x44, 0xC3, 0x0D },
+
+                /* Ocean */
+                { 0x32, 0x7D, 0x36, 0x08, 0x5A, 0xD1, 0x75, 0x8D, 0xAB, 0x4E, 0x6F, 0xBA, 0xA5, 0x55, 0xD8, 0x82 },
+
+                /* System */
+                { 0x87, 0x45, 0xF1, 0xBB, 0xA6, 0xBE, 0x79, 0x64, 0x7D, 0x04, 0x8B, 0xA6, 0x7B, 0x5F, 0xDA, 0x4A },
+            },
+
+            /* Header Encryption Key Source */
+            { 0x1F, 0x12, 0x91, 0x3A, 0x4A, 0xCB, 0xF0, 0x0D, 0x4C, 0xDE, 0x3A, 0xF6, 0xD5, 0x23, 0x88, 0x2A },
+
+            /* Encrypted Header Encryption Key */
+            {
+                { 0x5A, 0x3E, 0xD8, 0x4F, 0xDE, 0xC0, 0xD8, 0x26, 0x31, 0xF7, 0xE2, 0x5D, 0x19, 0x7B, 0xF5, 0xD0 },
+                { 0x1C, 0x9B, 0x7B, 0xFA, 0xF6, 0x28, 0x18, 0x3D, 0x71, 0xF6, 0x4D, 0x73, 0xF1, 0x50, 0xB9, 0xD2 }
+            },
+
+            /* Key Generation Function */
+            nullptr,
+
+            /* Decrypt Aes Ctr Function */
+            nullptr,
+
+            /* Decrypt Aes Ctr External Function */
+            nullptr,
+
+            /* Plaintext Header Available */
+            false,
+        };
+
+        constexpr inline const ::ams::fssystem::NcaCryptoConfiguration DefaultNcaCryptoConfigurationProd = {
+            /* Header1 Signature Key Moduli */
+            { HeaderSign1KeyModulusProd[0], HeaderSign1KeyModulusProd[1] },
+
+            /* Header 1 Signature Key Public Exponent */
+            { 0x01, 0x00, 0x01 },
+
+            /* Key Area Encryption Key Sources */
+            {
+                /* Application */
+                { 0x7F, 0x59, 0x97, 0x1E, 0x62, 0x9F, 0x36, 0xA1, 0x30, 0x98, 0x06, 0x6F, 0x21, 0x44, 0xC3, 0x0D },
+
+                /* Ocean */
+                { 0x32, 0x7D, 0x36, 0x08, 0x5A, 0xD1, 0x75, 0x8D, 0xAB, 0x4E, 0x6F, 0xBA, 0xA5, 0x55, 0xD8, 0x82 },
+
+                /* System */
+                { 0x87, 0x45, 0xF1, 0xBB, 0xA6, 0xBE, 0x79, 0x64, 0x7D, 0x04, 0x8B, 0xA6, 0x7B, 0x5F, 0xDA, 0x4A },
+            },
+
+            /* Header Encryption Key Source */
+            { 0x1F, 0x12, 0x91, 0x3A, 0x4A, 0xCB, 0xF0, 0x0D, 0x4C, 0xDE, 0x3A, 0xF6, 0xD5, 0x23, 0x88, 0x2A },
+
+            /* Encrypted Header Encryption Key */
+            {
+                { 0x5A, 0x3E, 0xD8, 0x4F, 0xDE, 0xC0, 0xD8, 0x26, 0x31, 0xF7, 0xE2, 0x5D, 0x19, 0x7B, 0xF5, 0xD0 },
+                { 0x1C, 0x9B, 0x7B, 0xFA, 0xF6, 0x28, 0x18, 0x3D, 0x71, 0xF6, 0x4D, 0x73, 0xF1, 0x50, 0xB9, 0xD2 }
+            },
+
+            /* Key Generation Function */
+            nullptr,
+
+            /* Decrypt Aes Ctr Function */
+            nullptr,
+
+            /* Decrypt Aes Ctr External Function */
+            nullptr,
+
+            /* Plaintext Header Available */
+            false,
+        };
+
+    }
+
+    const ::ams::fssystem::NcaCryptoConfiguration *GetDefaultNcaCryptoConfiguration(bool prod) {
+        return prod ? std::addressof(DefaultNcaCryptoConfigurationProd) : std::addressof(DefaultNcaCryptoConfigurationDev);
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssystem/buffers/fssystem_file_system_buffer_manager.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,356 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    Result FileSystemBufferManager::CacheHandleTable::Initialize(s32 max_cache_count) {
+        /* Validate pre-conditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->entries == nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->internal_entry_buffer == nullptr);
+
+        /* If we don't have an external buffer, try to allocate an internal one. */
+        if (this->external_entry_buffer == nullptr) {
+            this->entry_buffer_size     = sizeof(Entry) * max_cache_count;
+            this->internal_entry_buffer = fs::impl::MakeUnique<char[]>(this->entry_buffer_size);
+        }
+
+        /* We need to have at least one entry buffer. */
+        R_UNLESS(this->internal_entry_buffer != nullptr || this->external_entry_buffer != nullptr, fs::ResultAllocationFailureInFileSystemBufferManagerA());
+
+        /* Set entries. */
+        this->entries         = reinterpret_cast<Entry *>(this->external_entry_buffer != nullptr ? this->external_entry_buffer : this->internal_entry_buffer.get());
+        this->entry_count     = 0;
+        this->entry_count_max = max_cache_count;
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->entries != nullptr);
+
+        this->cache_count_min = max_cache_count / 16;
+        this->cache_size_min  = this->cache_count_min * 0x100;
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    void FileSystemBufferManager::CacheHandleTable::Finalize() {
+        if (this->entries != nullptr) {
+            AMS_ASSERT(this->entry_count == 0);
+
+            if (this->external_attr_info_buffer == nullptr) {
+                auto it = this->attr_list.begin();
+                while (it != this->attr_list.end()) {
+                    const auto attr_info = std::addressof(*it);
+                    it = this->attr_list.erase(it);
+                    delete attr_info;
+                }
+            }
+
+            this->internal_entry_buffer.reset();
+            this->external_entry_buffer = nullptr;
+            this->entry_buffer_size     = 0;
+            this->entries               = nullptr;
+            this->total_cache_size      = 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    bool FileSystemBufferManager::CacheHandleTable::Register(CacheHandle *out, uintptr_t address, size_t size, const BufferAttribute &attr) {
+        /* Validate pre-conditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->entries != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(out != nullptr);
+
+        /* Get the entry. */
+        auto entry = this->AcquireEntry(address, size, attr);
+
+        /* If we don't have an entry, we can't register. */
+        if (entry == nullptr) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        /* Get the attr info. If we have one, increment. */
+        if (const auto attr_info = this->FindAttrInfo(attr); attr_info != nullptr) {
+            attr_info->IncrementCacheCount();
+            attr_info->AddCacheSize(size);
+        } else {
+            /* Make a new attr info and add it to the list. */
+            AttrInfo *new_info = nullptr;
+
+            if (this->external_attr_info_buffer == nullptr) {
+                new_info = new AttrInfo(attr.GetLevel(), 1, size);
+            } else if (0 <= attr.GetLevel() && attr.GetLevel() < this->external_attr_info_count) {
+                const auto buffer = this->external_attr_info_buffer + attr.GetLevel() * sizeof(AttrInfo);
+                new_info = new (buffer) AttrInfo(attr.GetLevel(), 1, size);
+            }
+
+            /* If we failed to make a new attr info, we can't register. */
+            if (new_info == nullptr) {
+                this->ReleaseEntry(entry);
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            this->attr_list.push_back(*new_info);
+        }
+
+        this->total_cache_size += size;
+        *out = entry->GetHandle();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool FileSystemBufferManager::CacheHandleTable::Unregister(uintptr_t *out_address, size_t *out_size, CacheHandle handle) {
+        /* Validate pre-conditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->entries != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(out_address != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(out_size != nullptr);
+
+        /* Find the lower bound for the entry. */
+        const auto entry = std::lower_bound(this->entries, this->entries + this->entry_count, handle, [](const Entry &entry, CacheHandle handle) {
+            return entry.GetHandle() < handle;
+        });
+
+        /* If the entry is a match, unregister it. */
+        if (entry != this->entries + this->entry_count && entry->GetHandle() == handle) {
+            this->UnregisterCore(out_address, out_size, entry);
+            return true;
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    bool FileSystemBufferManager::CacheHandleTable::UnregisterOldest(uintptr_t *out_address, size_t *out_size, const BufferAttribute &attr, size_t required_size) {
+        /* Validate pre-conditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->entries != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(out_address != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(out_size != nullptr);
+
+        /* If we have no entries, we can't unregister any. */
+        if (this->entry_count == 0) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        const auto CanUnregister = [this](const Entry &entry) {
+            const auto attr_info = this->FindAttrInfo(entry.GetBufferAttribute());
+            AMS_ASSERT(attr_info != nullptr);
+
+            const auto ccm = this->GetCacheCountMin(entry.GetBufferAttribute());
+            const auto csm = this->GetCacheSizeMin(entry.GetBufferAttribute());
+
+            return ccm < attr_info->GetCacheCount() && csm + entry.GetSize() <= attr_info->GetCacheSize();
+        };
+
+        /* Find an entry, falling back to the first entry. */
+        auto entry = std::find_if(this->entries, this->entries + this->entry_count, CanUnregister);
+        if (entry == this->entries + this->entry_count) {
+            entry = this->entries;
+        }
+
+        AMS_ASSERT(entry != this->entries + this->entry_count);
+        this->UnregisterCore(out_address, out_size, entry);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    void FileSystemBufferManager::CacheHandleTable::UnregisterCore(uintptr_t *out_address, size_t *out_size, Entry *entry) {
+        /* Validate pre-conditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->entries != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(out_address != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(out_size != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(entry != nullptr);
+
+        /* Get the attribute info. */
+        const auto attr_info = this->FindAttrInfo(entry->GetBufferAttribute());
+        AMS_ASSERT(attr_info != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(attr_info->GetCacheCount() > 0);
+        AMS_ASSERT(attr_info->GetCacheSize() >= entry->GetSize());
+
+        /* Release from the attr info. */
+        attr_info->DecrementCacheCount();
+        attr_info->SubtractCacheSize(entry->GetSize());
+
+        /* Release from cached size. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->total_cache_size >= entry->GetSize());
+        this->total_cache_size -= entry->GetSize();
+
+        /* Release the entry. */
+        *out_address = entry->GetAddress();
+        *out_size    = entry->GetSize();
+        this->ReleaseEntry(entry);
+    }
+
+    FileSystemBufferManager::CacheHandle FileSystemBufferManager::CacheHandleTable::PublishCacheHandle() {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->entries != nullptr);
+        return (++this->current_handle);
+    }
+
+    size_t FileSystemBufferManager::CacheHandleTable::GetTotalCacheSize() const {
+        return this->total_cache_size;
+    }
+
+    FileSystemBufferManager::CacheHandleTable::Entry *FileSystemBufferManager::CacheHandleTable::AcquireEntry(uintptr_t address, size_t size, const BufferAttribute &attr) {
+        /* Validate pre-conditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->entries != nullptr);
+
+        Entry *entry = nullptr;
+        if (this->entry_count < this->entry_count_max) {
+            entry = this->entries + this->entry_count;
+            entry->Initialize(this->PublishCacheHandle(), address, size, attr);
+            ++this->entry_count;
+            AMS_ASSERT(this->entry_count == 1 || (entry-1)->GetHandle() < entry->GetHandle());
+        }
+
+        return entry;
+    }
+
+    void FileSystemBufferManager::CacheHandleTable::ReleaseEntry(Entry *entry) {
+        /* Validate pre-conditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->entries != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(entry != nullptr);
+
+        /* Ensure the entry is valid. */
+        const auto entry_buffer = this->external_entry_buffer != nullptr ? this->external_entry_buffer : this->internal_entry_buffer.get();
+        AMS_ASSERT(static_cast<void *>(entry_buffer) <= static_cast<void *>(entry));
+        AMS_ASSERT(static_cast<void *>(entry) < static_cast<void *>(entry_buffer + this->entry_buffer_size));
+
+        /* Copy the entries back by one. */
+        std::memmove(entry, entry + 1, sizeof(Entry) * (this->entry_count - ((entry + 1) - this->entries)));
+
+        /* Decrement our entry count. */
+        --this->entry_count;
+    }
+
+    FileSystemBufferManager::CacheHandleTable::AttrInfo *FileSystemBufferManager::CacheHandleTable::FindAttrInfo(const BufferAttribute &attr) {
+        const auto it = std::find_if(this->attr_list.begin(), this->attr_list.end(), [&attr](const AttrInfo &info) {
+            return attr.GetLevel() == attr.GetLevel();
+        });
+
+        return it != this->attr_list.end() ? std::addressof(*it) : nullptr;
+    }
+
+    const std::pair<uintptr_t, size_t> FileSystemBufferManager::AllocateBufferImpl(size_t size, const BufferAttribute &attr) {
+        std::scoped_lock lk(this->mutex);
+
+        std::pair<uintptr_t, size_t> range = {};
+        const auto order = this->buddy_heap.GetOrderFromBytes(size);
+        AMS_ASSERT(order >= 0);
+
+        while (true) {
+            if (auto address = this->buddy_heap.AllocateByOrder(order); address != 0) {
+                const auto allocated_size = this->buddy_heap.GetBytesFromOrder(order);
+                AMS_ASSERT(size <= allocated_size);
+
+                range.first  = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(address);
+                range.second = allocated_size;
+
+                const size_t free_size = this->buddy_heap.GetTotalFreeSize();
+                this->peak_free_size = std::min(this->peak_free_size, free_size);
+
+                const size_t total_allocatable_size = free_size + this->cache_handle_table.GetTotalCacheSize();
+                this->peak_total_allocatable_size = std::min(this->peak_total_allocatable_size, total_allocatable_size);
+                break;
+            }
+
+            /* Deallocate a buffer. */
+            uintptr_t deallocate_address = 0;
+            size_t    deallocate_size    = 0;
+
+            ++this->retried_count;
+            if (this->cache_handle_table.UnregisterOldest(std::addressof(deallocate_address), std::addressof(deallocate_size), attr, size)) {
+                this->DeallocateBuffer(deallocate_address, deallocate_size);
+            } else {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return range;
+    }
+
+    void FileSystemBufferManager::DeallocateBufferImpl(uintptr_t address, size_t size) {
+        AMS_ASSERT(util::IsPowerOfTwo(size));
+
+        std::scoped_lock lk(this->mutex);
+
+        this->buddy_heap.Free(reinterpret_cast<void *>(address), this->buddy_heap.GetOrderFromBytes(size));
+    }
+
+    FileSystemBufferManager::CacheHandle FileSystemBufferManager::RegisterCacheImpl(uintptr_t address, size_t size, const BufferAttribute &attr) {
+        std::scoped_lock lk(this->mutex);
+
+        CacheHandle handle = 0;
+        while (true) {
+            /* Try to register the handle. */
+            if (this->cache_handle_table.Register(std::addressof(handle), address, size, attr)) {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            /* Deallocate a buffer. */
+            uintptr_t deallocate_address = 0;
+            size_t    deallocate_size    = 0;
+
+            ++this->retried_count;
+            if (this->cache_handle_table.UnregisterOldest(std::addressof(deallocate_address), std::addressof(deallocate_size), attr)) {
+                this->DeallocateBuffer(deallocate_address, deallocate_size);
+            } else {
+                this->DeallocateBuffer(address, size);
+                handle = this->cache_handle_table.PublishCacheHandle();
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return handle;
+    }
+
+    const std::pair<uintptr_t, size_t> FileSystemBufferManager::AcquireCacheImpl(CacheHandle handle) {
+        std::scoped_lock lk(this->mutex);
+
+        std::pair<uintptr_t, size_t> range = {};
+        if (this->cache_handle_table.Unregister(std::addressof(range.first), std::addressof(range.second), handle)) {
+            const size_t total_allocatable_size = this->buddy_heap.GetTotalFreeSize() + this->cache_handle_table.GetTotalCacheSize();
+            this->peak_total_allocatable_size = std::min(this->peak_total_allocatable_size, total_allocatable_size);
+        } else {
+            range.first  = 0;
+            range.second = 0;
+        }
+
+        return range;
+    }
+
+    size_t FileSystemBufferManager::GetTotalSizeImpl() const {
+        return this->total_size;
+    }
+
+    size_t FileSystemBufferManager::GetFreeSizeImpl() const {
+        std::scoped_lock lk(this->mutex);
+
+        return this->buddy_heap.GetTotalFreeSize();
+    }
+
+    size_t FileSystemBufferManager::GetTotalAllocatableSizeImpl() const {
+        return this->GetFreeSize() + this->cache_handle_table.GetTotalCacheSize();
+    }
+
+    size_t FileSystemBufferManager::GetPeakFreeSizeImpl() const {
+        return this->peak_free_size;
+    }
+
+    size_t FileSystemBufferManager::GetPeakTotalAllocatableSizeImpl() const {
+        return this->peak_total_allocatable_size;
+    }
+
+    size_t FileSystemBufferManager::GetRetriedCountImpl() const {
+        return this->retried_count;
+    }
+
+    void FileSystemBufferManager::ClearPeakImpl() {
+        this->peak_free_size = this->GetFreeSize();
+        this->retried_count  = 0;
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssystem/fssystem_aes_ctr_counter_extended_storage.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    namespace {
+
+        class SoftwareDecryptor final : public AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage::IDecryptor {
+            public:
+                virtual void Decrypt(void *buf, size_t buf_size, const void *enc_key, size_t enc_key_size, void *iv, size_t iv_size) override final;
+                virtual bool HasExternalDecryptionKey() const override final { return false; }
+        };
+
+        class ExternalDecryptor final : public AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage::IDecryptor {
+            public:
+                static constexpr size_t BlockSize = AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage::BlockSize;
+                static constexpr size_t KeySize   = AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage::KeySize;
+                static constexpr size_t IvSize    = AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage::IvSize;
+            private:
+                AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage::DecryptFunction decrypt_function;
+                s32 key_index;
+            public:
+                ExternalDecryptor(AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage::DecryptFunction df, s32 key_idx) : decrypt_function(df), key_index(key_idx) {
+                    AMS_ASSERT(this->decrypt_function != nullptr);
+                }
+            public:
+                virtual void Decrypt(void *buf, size_t buf_size, const void *enc_key, size_t enc_key_size, void *iv, size_t iv_size) override final;
+                virtual bool HasExternalDecryptionKey() const override final { return this->key_index < 0; }
+        };
+
+    }
+
+    Result AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage::CreateExternalDecryptor(std::unique_ptr<IDecryptor> *out, DecryptFunction func, s32 key_index) {
+        std::unique_ptr<IDecryptor> decryptor = std::make_unique<ExternalDecryptor>(func, key_index);
+        R_UNLESS(decryptor != nullptr, fs::ResultAllocationFailureInAesCtrCounterExtendedStorageA());
+        *out = std::move(decryptor);
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage::CreateSoftwareDecryptor(std::unique_ptr<IDecryptor> *out) {
+        std::unique_ptr<IDecryptor> decryptor = std::make_unique<SoftwareDecryptor>();
+        R_UNLESS(decryptor != nullptr, fs::ResultAllocationFailureInAesCtrCounterExtendedStorageA());
+        *out = std::move(decryptor);
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage::Initialize(IAllocator *allocator, const void *key, size_t key_size, u32 secure_value, fs::SubStorage data_storage, fs::SubStorage table_storage) {
+        /* Read and verify the bucket tree header. */
+        BucketTree::Header header;
+        R_TRY(table_storage.Read(0, std::addressof(header), sizeof(header)));
+        R_TRY(header.Verify());
+
+        /* Determine extents. */
+        const auto node_storage_size    = QueryNodeStorageSize(header.entry_count);
+        const auto entry_storage_size   = QueryEntryStorageSize(header.entry_count);
+        const auto node_storage_offset  = QueryHeaderStorageSize();
+        const auto entry_storage_offset = node_storage_offset + node_storage_size;
+
+        /* Create a software decryptor. */
+        std::unique_ptr<IDecryptor> sw_decryptor;
+        R_TRY(CreateSoftwareDecryptor(std::addressof(sw_decryptor)));
+
+        /* Initialize. */
+        return this->Initialize(allocator, key, key_size, secure_value, 0, data_storage, fs::SubStorage(std::addressof(table_storage), node_storage_offset, node_storage_size), fs::SubStorage(std::addressof(table_storage), entry_storage_offset, entry_storage_size), header.entry_count, std::move(sw_decryptor));
+    }
+
+    Result AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage::Initialize(IAllocator *allocator, const void *key, size_t key_size, u32 secure_value, s64 counter_offset, fs::SubStorage data_storage, fs::SubStorage node_storage, fs::SubStorage entry_storage, s32 entry_count, std::unique_ptr<IDecryptor> &&decryptor) {
+        /* Validate preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(key != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(key_size == KeySize);
+        AMS_ASSERT(counter_offset >= 0);
+        AMS_ASSERT(decryptor != nullptr);
+
+        /* Initialize the bucket tree table. */
+        R_TRY(this->table.Initialize(allocator, node_storage, entry_storage, NodeSize, sizeof(Entry), entry_count));
+
+        /* Set members. */
+        this->data_storage = data_storage;
+        std::memcpy(this->key, key, key_size);
+        this->secure_value = secure_value;
+        this->counter_offset = counter_offset;
+        this->decryptor = std::move(decryptor);
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    void AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage::Finalize() {
+        if (this->IsInitialized()) {
+            this->table.Finalize();
+            this->data_storage = fs::SubStorage();
+        }
+    }
+
+    Result AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage::Read(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size) {
+        /* Validate preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(offset >= 0);
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+
+        /* Allow zero size. */
+        R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+        /* Validate arguments. */
+        R_UNLESS(buffer != nullptr,                  fs::ResultNullptrArgument());
+        R_UNLESS(util::IsAligned(offset, BlockSize), fs::ResultInvalidOffset());
+        R_UNLESS(util::IsAligned(size, BlockSize),   fs::ResultInvalidSize());
+        R_UNLESS(this->table.Includes(offset, size), fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+        /* Read the data. */
+        R_TRY(this->data_storage.Read(offset, buffer, size));
+
+        /* Temporarily increase our thread priority. */
+        ScopedThreadPriorityChanger cp(+1, ScopedThreadPriorityChanger::Mode::Relative);
+
+        /* Find the offset in our tree. */
+        BucketTree::Visitor visitor;
+        R_TRY(this->table.Find(std::addressof(visitor), offset));
+        {
+            const auto entry_offset = visitor.Get<Entry>()->GetOffset();
+            R_UNLESS(util::IsAligned(entry_offset, BlockSize),                fs::ResultInvalidAesCtrCounterExtendedEntryOffset());
+            R_UNLESS(0 <= entry_offset && this->table.Includes(entry_offset), fs::ResultInvalidAesCtrCounterExtendedEntryOffset());
+        }
+
+        /* Prepare to read in chunks. */
+        u8 *cur_data = static_cast<u8 *>(buffer);
+        auto cur_offset = offset;
+        const auto end_offset = offset + static_cast<s64>(size);
+
+        while (cur_offset < end_offset) {
+            /* Get the current entry. */
+            const auto cur_entry = *visitor.Get<Entry>();
+
+            /* Get and validate the entry's offset. */
+            const auto cur_entry_offset = cur_entry.GetOffset();
+            R_UNLESS(cur_entry_offset <= cur_offset, fs::ResultInvalidAesCtrCounterExtendedEntryOffset());
+
+            /* Get and validate the next entry offset. */
+            s64 next_entry_offset;
+            if (visitor.CanMoveNext()) {
+                R_TRY(visitor.MoveNext());
+                next_entry_offset = visitor.Get<Entry>()->GetOffset();
+                R_UNLESS(this->table.Includes(next_entry_offset), fs::ResultInvalidAesCtrCounterExtendedEntryOffset());
+            } else {
+                next_entry_offset = this->table.GetEnd();
+            }
+            R_UNLESS(util::IsAligned(next_entry_offset, BlockSize), fs::ResultInvalidAesCtrCounterExtendedEntryOffset());
+            R_UNLESS(cur_offset < next_entry_offset,                fs::ResultInvalidAesCtrCounterExtendedEntryOffset());
+
+            /* Get the offset of the entry in the data we read. */
+            const auto data_offset = cur_offset - cur_entry_offset;
+            const auto data_size   = (next_entry_offset - cur_entry_offset) - data_offset;
+            AMS_ASSERT(data_size > 0);
+
+            /* Determine how much is left. */
+            const auto remaining_size = end_offset - cur_offset;
+            const auto cur_size       = static_cast<size_t>(std::min(remaining_size, data_size));
+            AMS_ASSERT(cur_size <= size);
+
+            /* Make the CTR for the data we're decrypting. */
+            const auto counter_offset = this->counter_offset + cur_entry_offset + data_offset;
+            NcaAesCtrUpperIv upper_iv = { .part = { .generation = static_cast<u32>(cur_entry.generation), .secure_value = this->secure_value } };
+
+            u8 iv[IvSize];
+            AesCtrStorage::MakeIv(iv, IvSize, upper_iv.value, counter_offset);
+
+            /* Decrypt. */
+            this->decryptor->Decrypt(cur_data, cur_size, this->key, KeySize, iv, IvSize);
+
+            /* Advance. */
+            cur_data   += cur_size;
+            cur_offset += cur_size;
+        }
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage::OperateRange(void *dst, size_t dst_size, fs::OperationId op_id, s64 offset, s64 size, const void *src, size_t src_size) {
+        switch (op_id) {
+            case fs::OperationId::InvalidateCache:
+                {
+                    /* Validate preconditions. */
+                    AMS_ASSERT(offset >= 0);
+                    AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+
+                    /* Succeed if there's nothing to operate on. */
+                    R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+                    /* Validate arguments. */
+                    R_UNLESS(util::IsAligned(offset, BlockSize), fs::ResultInvalidOffset());
+                    R_UNLESS(util::IsAligned(size, BlockSize),   fs::ResultInvalidSize());
+                    R_UNLESS(this->table.Includes(offset, size), fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+                    /* Invalidate our table's cache. */
+                    R_TRY(this->table.InvalidateCache());
+
+                    /* Operate on our data storage. */
+                    R_TRY(this->data_storage.OperateRange(dst, dst_size, op_id, offset, size, src, src_size));
+
+                    return ResultSuccess();
+                }
+            case fs::OperationId::QueryRange:
+                {
+                    /* Validate preconditions. */
+                    AMS_ASSERT(offset >= 0);
+                    AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+
+                    /* Validate that we have an output range info. */
+                    R_UNLESS(dst != nullptr,                         fs::ResultNullptrArgument());
+                    R_UNLESS(dst_size == sizeof(fs::QueryRangeInfo), fs::ResultInvalidSize());
+
+                    /* Succeed if there's nothing to operate on. */
+                    if (size == 0) {
+                        reinterpret_cast<fs::QueryRangeInfo *>(dst)->Clear();
+                        return ResultSuccess();
+                    }
+
+                    /* Validate arguments. */
+                    R_UNLESS(util::IsAligned(offset, BlockSize), fs::ResultInvalidOffset());
+                    R_UNLESS(util::IsAligned(size, BlockSize),   fs::ResultInvalidSize());
+                    R_UNLESS(this->table.Includes(offset, size), fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+                    /* Operate on our data storage. */
+                    R_TRY(this->data_storage.OperateRange(dst, dst_size, op_id, offset, size, src, src_size));
+
+                    /* Add in new flags. */
+                    fs::QueryRangeInfo new_info;
+                    new_info.Clear();
+                    new_info.aes_ctr_key_type = static_cast<s32>(this->decryptor->HasExternalDecryptionKey() ? fs::AesCtrKeyTypeFlag::ExternalKeyForHardwareAes : fs::AesCtrKeyTypeFlag::InternalKeyForHardwareAes);
+
+                    /*  Merge in the new info. */
+                    reinterpret_cast<fs::QueryRangeInfo *>(dst)->Merge(new_info);
+
+                    return ResultSuccess();
+                }
+            default:
+                return fs::ResultUnsupportedOperationInAesCtrCounterExtendedStorageC();
+        }
+    }
+
+    void SoftwareDecryptor::Decrypt(void *buf, size_t buf_size, const void *enc_key, size_t enc_key_size, void *iv, size_t iv_size) {
+        crypto::DecryptAes128Ctr(buf, buf_size, enc_key, enc_key_size, iv, iv_size, buf, buf_size);
+    }
+
+    void ExternalDecryptor::Decrypt(void *buf, size_t buf_size, const void *enc_key, size_t enc_key_size, void *iv, size_t iv_size) {
+        /* Validate preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(buf != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(enc_key != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(enc_key_size == KeySize);
+        AMS_ASSERT(iv != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(iv_size == IvSize);
+
+        /* Copy the ctr. */
+        u8 ctr[IvSize];
+        std::memcpy(ctr, iv, IvSize);
+
+        /* Setup tracking. */
+        size_t remaining_size = buf_size;
+        s64 cur_offset = 0;
+
+        /* Allocate a pooled buffer for decryption. */
+        PooledBuffer pooled_buffer;
+        pooled_buffer.AllocateParticularlyLarge(buf_size, BlockSize);
+        AMS_ASSERT(pooled_buffer.GetSize() > 0 && util::IsAligned(pooled_buffer.GetSize(), BlockSize));
+
+        /* Read and decrypt in chunks. */
+        while (remaining_size > 0) {
+            size_t cur_size = std::min(pooled_buffer.GetSize(), remaining_size);
+            u8 *dst = static_cast<u8 *>(buf) + cur_offset;
+
+            this->decrypt_function(pooled_buffer.GetBuffer(), cur_size, this->key_index, enc_key, enc_key_size, ctr, IvSize, dst, cur_size);
+
+            std::memcpy(dst, pooled_buffer.GetBuffer(), cur_size);
+
+            cur_offset     += cur_size;
+            remaining_size -= cur_size;
+
+            if (remaining_size > 0) {
+                AddCounter(ctr, IvSize, cur_size / BlockSize);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssystem/fssystem_alignment_matching_storage_impl.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,256 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    namespace {
+
+        template<typename T>
+        constexpr ALWAYS_INLINE size_t GetRoundDownDifference(T x, size_t align) {
+            return static_cast<size_t>(x - util::AlignDown(x, align));
+        }
+
+        template<typename T>
+        constexpr ALWAYS_INLINE size_t GetRoundUpDifference(T x, size_t align) {
+            return static_cast<size_t>(util::AlignUp(x, align) - x);
+        }
+
+        template<typename T>
+        ALWAYS_INLINE size_t GetRoundUpDifference(T *x, size_t align) {
+            return GetRoundUpDifference(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(x), align);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    Result AlignmentMatchingStorageImpl::Read(fs::IStorage *base_storage, char *work_buf, size_t work_buf_size, size_t data_alignment, size_t buffer_alignment, s64 offset, char *buffer, size_t size) {
+        /* Check preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(work_buf_size >= data_alignment);
+
+        /* Succeed if zero size. */
+        R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+        /* Validate arguments. */
+        R_UNLESS(buffer != nullptr, fs::ResultNullptrArgument());
+
+        /* Determine extents. */
+        char *aligned_core_buffer;
+        s64 core_offset;
+        size_t core_size;
+        size_t buffer_gap;
+        size_t offset_gap;
+        s64 covered_offset;
+
+        const size_t offset_round_up_difference = GetRoundUpDifference(offset, data_alignment);
+        if (util::IsAligned(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(buffer) + offset_round_up_difference, buffer_alignment)) {
+            aligned_core_buffer = buffer + offset_round_up_difference;
+
+            core_offset = util::AlignUp(offset, data_alignment);
+            core_size   = (size < offset_round_up_difference) ? 0 : util::AlignDown(size - offset_round_up_difference, data_alignment);
+            buffer_gap  = 0;
+            offset_gap  = 0;
+
+            covered_offset = core_size > 0 ? core_offset : offset;
+        } else {
+            const size_t buffer_round_up_difference = GetRoundUpDifference(buffer, buffer_alignment);
+
+            aligned_core_buffer = buffer + buffer_round_up_difference;
+
+            core_offset = util::AlignDown(offset, data_alignment);
+            core_size   = (size < buffer_round_up_difference) ? 0 : util::AlignDown(size - buffer_round_up_difference, data_alignment);
+            buffer_gap  = buffer_round_up_difference;
+            offset_gap  = GetRoundDownDifference(offset, data_alignment);
+        }
+
+        /* Read the core portion. */
+        if (core_size > 0) {
+            R_TRY(base_storage->Read(core_offset, aligned_core_buffer, core_size));
+
+            if (offset_gap != 0 || buffer_gap != 0) {
+                std::memmove(aligned_core_buffer - buffer_gap, aligned_core_buffer + offset_gap, core_size - offset_gap);
+                core_size -= offset_gap;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* Handle the head portion. */
+        if (offset < covered_offset) {
+            const s64 head_offset  = util::AlignDown(offset, data_alignment);
+            const size_t head_size = static_cast<size_t>(covered_offset - offset);
+
+            AMS_ASSERT(GetRoundDownDifference(offset, data_alignment) + head_size <= work_buf_size);
+
+            R_TRY(base_storage->Read(head_offset, work_buf, data_alignment));
+            std::memcpy(buffer, work_buf + GetRoundDownDifference(offset, data_alignment), head_size);
+        }
+
+        /* Handle the tail portion. */
+        s64 tail_offset = covered_offset + core_size;
+        size_t remaining_tail_size = static_cast<size_t>((offset + size) - tail_offset);
+        while (remaining_tail_size > 0) {
+            const auto aligned_tail_offset = util::AlignDown(tail_offset, data_alignment);
+            const auto cur_size = std::min(static_cast<size_t>(aligned_tail_offset + data_alignment - tail_offset), remaining_tail_size);
+            R_TRY(base_storage->Read(aligned_tail_offset, work_buf, data_alignment));
+
+            AMS_ASSERT((tail_offset - offset) + cur_size <= size);
+            AMS_ASSERT((tail_offset - aligned_tail_offset) + cur_size <= data_alignment);
+            std::memcpy(static_cast<char *>(buffer) + (tail_offset - offset), work_buf + (tail_offset - aligned_tail_offset), cur_size);
+
+            remaining_tail_size -= cur_size;
+            tail_offset         += cur_size;
+        }
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result AlignmentMatchingStorageImpl::Write(fs::IStorage *base_storage, char *work_buf, size_t work_buf_size, size_t data_alignment, size_t buffer_alignment, s64 offset, const char *buffer, size_t size) {
+        /* Check preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(work_buf_size >= data_alignment);
+
+        /* Succeed if zero size. */
+        R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+        /* Validate arguments. */
+        R_UNLESS(buffer != nullptr, fs::ResultNullptrArgument());
+
+        /* Determine extents. */
+        const char *aligned_core_buffer;
+        s64 core_offset;
+        size_t core_size;
+        s64 covered_offset;
+
+        const size_t offset_round_up_difference = GetRoundUpDifference(offset, data_alignment);
+        if (util::IsAligned(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(buffer) + offset_round_up_difference, buffer_alignment)) {
+            aligned_core_buffer = buffer + offset_round_up_difference;
+
+            core_offset = util::AlignUp(offset, data_alignment);
+            core_size   = (size < offset_round_up_difference) ? 0 : util::AlignDown(size - offset_round_up_difference, data_alignment);
+
+            covered_offset = core_size > 0 ? core_offset : offset;
+        } else {
+            aligned_core_buffer = nullptr;
+
+            core_offset = util::AlignDown(offset, data_alignment);
+            core_size   = 0;
+
+            covered_offset = offset;
+        }
+
+        /* Write the core portion. */
+        if (core_size > 0) {
+            R_TRY(base_storage->Write(core_offset, aligned_core_buffer, core_size));
+        }
+
+        /* Handle the head portion. */
+        if (offset < covered_offset) {
+            const s64 head_offset  = util::AlignDown(offset, data_alignment);
+            const size_t head_size = static_cast<size_t>(covered_offset - offset);
+
+            AMS_ASSERT((offset - head_offset) + head_size <= data_alignment);
+
+            R_TRY(base_storage->Read(head_offset, work_buf, data_alignment));
+            std::memcpy(work_buf + (offset - head_offset), buffer, head_size);
+            R_TRY(base_storage->Write(head_offset, work_buf, data_alignment));
+        }
+
+        /* Handle the tail portion. */
+        s64 tail_offset = covered_offset + core_size;
+        size_t remaining_tail_size = static_cast<size_t>((offset + size) - tail_offset);
+        while (remaining_tail_size > 0) {
+            AMS_ASSERT(static_cast<size_t>(tail_offset - offset) < size);
+
+            const auto aligned_tail_offset = util::AlignDown(tail_offset, data_alignment);
+            const auto cur_size = std::min(static_cast<size_t>(aligned_tail_offset + data_alignment - tail_offset), remaining_tail_size);
+
+            R_TRY(base_storage->Read(aligned_tail_offset, work_buf, data_alignment));
+            std::memcpy(work_buf + GetRoundDownDifference(tail_offset, data_alignment), buffer + (tail_offset - offset), cur_size);
+            R_TRY(base_storage->Write(aligned_tail_offset, work_buf, data_alignment));
+
+            remaining_tail_size -= cur_size;
+            tail_offset         += cur_size;
+        }
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    template<>
+    Result AlignmentMatchingStorageInBulkRead<1>::Read(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size) {
+        /* Succeed if zero size. */
+        R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+        /* Validate arguments. */
+        R_UNLESS(buffer != nullptr, fs::ResultNullptrArgument());
+
+        s64 bs_size = 0;
+        R_TRY(this->GetSize(std::addressof(bs_size)));
+        R_UNLESS(fs::IStorage::IsRangeValid(offset, size, bs_size), fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+        /* Determine extents. */
+        const auto offset_end         = offset + static_cast<s64>(size);
+        const auto aligned_offset     = util::AlignDown(offset, this->data_align);
+        const auto aligned_offset_end = util::AlignUp(offset_end, this->data_align);
+        const auto aligned_size       = static_cast<size_t>(aligned_offset_end - aligned_offset);
+
+        /* If we aren't aligned, we need to allocate a buffer. */
+        PooledBuffer pooled_buffer;
+        if (aligned_offset != offset || aligned_size != size) {
+            if (aligned_size <= pooled_buffer.GetAllocatableSizeMax()) {
+                pooled_buffer.Allocate(aligned_size, this->data_align);
+
+                if (aligned_size <= pooled_buffer.GetSize()) {
+                    R_TRY(this->base_storage->Read(aligned_offset, pooled_buffer.GetBuffer(), aligned_size));
+                    std::memcpy(buffer, pooled_buffer.GetBuffer() + (offset - aligned_offset), size);
+                    return ResultSuccess();
+                } else {
+                    pooled_buffer.Shrink(this->data_align);
+                }
+            } else {
+                pooled_buffer.Allocate(this->data_align, this->data_align);
+            }
+
+            AMS_ASSERT(pooled_buffer.GetSize() >= static_cast<size_t>(this->data_align));
+        }
+
+        /* Determine read extents for the aligned portion. */
+        const auto core_offset     = util::AlignUp(offset, this->data_align);
+        const auto core_offset_end = util::AlignDown(offset_end, this->data_align);
+
+        /* Handle any data before the aligned portion. */
+        if (offset < core_offset) {
+            const auto head_size = static_cast<size_t>(core_offset - offset);
+            AMS_ASSERT(head_size < size);
+            R_TRY(this->base_storage->Read(aligned_offset, pooled_buffer.GetBuffer(), this->data_align));
+            std::memcpy(buffer, pooled_buffer.GetBuffer() + (offset - aligned_offset), head_size);
+        }
+
+        /* Handle the aligned portion. */
+        if (core_offset < core_offset_end) {
+            const auto core_buffer = static_cast<char *>(buffer) + (core_offset - offset);
+            const auto core_size   = static_cast<size_t>(core_offset_end - core_offset);
+
+            R_TRY(this->base_storage->Read(core_offset, core_buffer, core_size));
+        }
+
+        /* Handle any data after the aligned portion. */
+        if (core_offset_end < offset_end) {
+            const auto tail_size = static_cast<size_t>(offset_end - core_offset_end);
+            R_TRY(this->base_storage->Read(core_offset_end, pooled_buffer.GetBuffer(), this->data_align));
+            std::memcpy(buffer, pooled_buffer.GetBuffer(), tail_size);
+        }
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssystem/fssystem_allocator_utility.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    namespace {
+
+        constexpr bool UseDefaultAllocators = false;
+
+        bool g_used_default_allocator;
+
+        void *DefaultAllocate(size_t size) {
+            g_used_default_allocator = true;
+            return std::malloc(size);
+        }
+
+        void DefaultDeallocate(void *ptr, size_t size) {
+            std::free(ptr);
+        }
+
+        AllocateFunction g_allocate_func     = UseDefaultAllocators ? DefaultAllocate   : nullptr;
+        DeallocateFunction g_deallocate_func = UseDefaultAllocators ? DefaultDeallocate : nullptr;
+
+    }
+
+    void *Allocate(size_t size) {
+        AMS_ASSERT(g_allocate_func != nullptr);
+        return g_allocate_func(size);
+    }
+
+    void Deallocate(void *ptr, size_t size) {
+        AMS_ASSERT(g_deallocate_func != nullptr);
+        return g_deallocate_func(ptr, size);
+    }
+
+    void InitializeAllocator(AllocateFunction allocate_func, DeallocateFunction deallocate_func) {
+        AMS_ASSERT(allocate_func != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(deallocate_func != nullptr);
+
+        if constexpr (UseDefaultAllocators) {
+            AMS_ASSERT(g_used_default_allocator == false);
+        } else {
+            AMS_ASSERT(g_allocate_func == nullptr);
+            AMS_ASSERT(g_deallocate_func == nullptr);
+        }
+
+        g_allocate_func   = allocate_func;
+        g_deallocate_func = deallocate_func;
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssystem/fssystem_bucket_tree.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,544 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    namespace {
+
+        using Node = impl::BucketTreeNode<const s64 *>;
+        static_assert(sizeof(Node) == sizeof(BucketTree::NodeHeader));
+        static_assert(std::is_pod<Node>::value);
+
+        constexpr inline s32 NodeHeaderSize = sizeof(BucketTree::NodeHeader);
+
+        class StorageNode {
+            private:
+                class Offset {
+                    public:
+                        using difference_type = s64;
+                    private:
+                        s64 offset;
+                        s32 stride;
+                    public:
+                        constexpr Offset(s64 offset, s32 stride) : offset(offset), stride(stride) { /* ... */ }
+
+                        constexpr Offset &operator++() { this->offset += this->stride; return *this; }
+                        constexpr Offset operator++(int) { Offset ret(*this); this->offset += this->stride; return ret; }
+
+                        constexpr Offset &operator--() { this->offset -= this->stride; return *this; }
+                        constexpr Offset operator--(int) { Offset ret(*this); this->offset -= this->stride; return ret; }
+
+                        constexpr difference_type operator-(const Offset &rhs) const { return (this->offset - rhs.offset) / this->stride; }
+
+                        constexpr Offset operator+(difference_type ofs) const { return Offset(this->offset + ofs * this->stride, this->stride); }
+                        constexpr Offset operator-(difference_type ofs) const { return Offset(this->offset - ofs * this->stride, this->stride); }
+
+                        constexpr Offset &operator+=(difference_type ofs) { this->offset += ofs * this->stride; return *this; }
+                        constexpr Offset &operator-=(difference_type ofs) { this->offset -= ofs * this->stride; return *this; }
+
+                        constexpr bool operator==(const Offset &rhs) const { return this->offset == rhs.offset; }
+                        constexpr bool operator!=(const Offset &rhs) const { return this->offset != rhs.offset; }
+
+                        constexpr s64 Get() const { return this->offset; }
+                };
+            private:
+                const Offset start;
+                const s32 count;
+                s32 index;
+            public:
+                StorageNode(size_t size, s32 count) : start(NodeHeaderSize, static_cast<s32>(size)), count(count), index(-1) { /* ... */ }
+                StorageNode(s64 ofs, size_t size, s32 count) : start(NodeHeaderSize + ofs, static_cast<s32>(size)), count(count), index(-1) { /* ... */ }
+
+                s32 GetIndex() const { return this->index; }
+
+                void Find(const char *buffer, s64 virtual_address) {
+                    s32 end = this->count;
+                    auto pos  = this->start;
+
+                    while (end > 0) {
+                        auto half = end / 2;
+                        auto mid  = pos + half;
+
+                        s64 offset = 0;
+                        std::memcpy(std::addressof(offset), buffer + mid.Get(), sizeof(s64));
+
+                        if (offset <= virtual_address) {
+                            pos = mid + 1;
+                            end -= half + 1;
+                        } else {
+                            end = half;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    this->index = static_cast<s32>(pos - this->start) - 1;
+                }
+
+                Result Find(fs::SubStorage &storage, s64 virtual_address) {
+                    s32 end = this->count;
+                    auto pos  = this->start;
+
+                    while (end > 0) {
+                        auto half = end / 2;
+                        auto mid  = pos + half;
+
+                        s64 offset = 0;
+                        R_TRY(storage.Read(mid.Get(), std::addressof(offset), sizeof(s64)));
+
+                        if (offset <= virtual_address) {
+                            pos = mid + 1;
+                            end -= half + 1;
+                        } else {
+                            end = half;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    this->index = static_cast<s32>(pos - this->start) - 1;
+                    return ResultSuccess();
+                }
+        };
+
+    }
+
+    void BucketTree::Header::Format(s32 entry_count) {
+        AMS_ASSERT(entry_count >= 0);
+
+        this->magic       = Magic;
+        this->version     = Version;
+        this->entry_count = entry_count;
+        this->reserved    = 0;
+    }
+
+    Result BucketTree::Header::Verify() const {
+        R_UNLESS(this->magic == Magic,     fs::ResultInvalidBucketTreeSignature());
+        R_UNLESS(this->entry_count >= 0,   fs::ResultInvalidBucketTreeEntryCount());
+        R_UNLESS(this->version <= Version, fs::ResultUnsupportedVersion());
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result BucketTree::NodeHeader::Verify(s32 node_index, size_t node_size, size_t entry_size) const {
+        R_UNLESS(this->index == node_index,                                  fs::ResultInvalidArgument());
+        R_UNLESS(entry_size == 0 || node_size < entry_size + NodeHeaderSize, fs::ResultInvalidSize());
+
+        const size_t max_entry_count = (node_size - NodeHeaderSize) / entry_size;
+        R_UNLESS(this->count > 0 && static_cast<size_t>(this->count) <= max_entry_count, fs::ResultInvalidBucketTreeNodeEntryCount());
+        R_UNLESS(this->offset > 0,                                                       fs::ResultInvalidBucketTreeNodeOffset());
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result BucketTree::Initialize(IAllocator *allocator, fs::SubStorage node_storage, fs::SubStorage entry_storage, size_t node_size, size_t entry_size, s32 entry_count) {
+        /* Validate preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(allocator != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(entry_size >= sizeof(s64));
+        AMS_ASSERT(node_size >= entry_size + sizeof(NodeHeader));
+        AMS_ASSERT(NodeSizeMin <= node_size && node_size <= NodeSizeMax);
+        AMS_ASSERT(util::IsPowerOfTwo(node_size));
+        AMS_ASSERT(!this->IsInitialized());
+
+        /* Ensure valid entry count. */
+        R_UNLESS(entry_count > 0, fs::ResultInvalidArgument());
+
+        /* Allocate node. */
+        R_UNLESS(this->node_l1.Allocate(allocator, node_size), fs::ResultBufferAllocationFailed());
+        auto node_guard = SCOPE_GUARD { this->node_l1.Free(node_size); };
+
+        /* Read node. */
+        R_TRY(node_storage.Read(0, this->node_l1.Get(), node_size));
+
+        /* Verify node. */
+        R_TRY(this->node_l1->Verify(0, node_size, sizeof(s64)));
+
+        /* Validate offsets. */
+        const auto offset_count = GetOffsetCount(node_size);
+        const auto entry_set_count = GetEntrySetCount(node_size, entry_size, entry_count);
+        const auto * const node = this->node_l1.Get<Node>();
+
+        s64 start_offset;
+        if (offset_count < entry_set_count && node->GetCount() < offset_count) {
+            start_offset = *node->GetEnd();
+        } else {
+            start_offset = *node->GetBegin();
+        }
+        const auto end_offset = node->GetEndOffset();
+
+        R_UNLESS(0 <= start_offset && start_offset <= node->GetBeginOffset(), fs::ResultInvalidBucketTreeEntryOffset());
+        R_UNLESS(start_offset < end_offset,                                   fs::ResultInvalidBucketTreeEntryOffset());
+
+        /* Set member variables. */
+        this->node_storage    = node_storage;
+        this->entry_storage   = entry_storage;
+        this->node_size       = node_size;
+        this->entry_size      = entry_size;
+        this->entry_count     = entry_count;
+        this->offset_count    = offset_count;
+        this->entry_set_count = entry_set_count;
+        this->start_offset    = start_offset;
+        this->end_offset      = end_offset;
+
+        /* Cancel guard. */
+        node_guard.Cancel();
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    void BucketTree::Initialize(size_t node_size, s64 end_offset) {
+        AMS_ASSERT(NodeSizeMin <= node_size && node_size <= NodeSizeMax);
+        AMS_ASSERT(util::IsPowerOfTwo(node_size));
+        AMS_ASSERT(end_offset > 0);
+        AMS_ASSERT(!this->IsInitialized());
+
+        this->node_size  = node_size;
+        this->end_offset = end_offset;
+    }
+
+    void BucketTree::Finalize() {
+        if (this->IsInitialized()) {
+            this->node_storage    = fs::SubStorage();
+            this->entry_storage   = fs::SubStorage();
+            this->node_l1.Free(this->node_size);
+            this->node_size       = 0;
+            this->entry_size      = 0;
+            this->entry_count     = 0;
+            this->offset_count    = 0;
+            this->entry_set_count = 0;
+            this->start_offset    = 0;
+            this->end_offset      = 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    Result BucketTree::Find(Visitor *visitor, s64 virtual_address) const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(visitor != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+
+        R_UNLESS(virtual_address >= 0, fs::ResultInvalidOffset());
+        R_UNLESS(!this->IsEmpty(),     fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+        R_TRY(visitor->Initialize(this));
+
+        return visitor->Find(virtual_address);
+    }
+
+    Result BucketTree::InvalidateCache() {
+        /* Invalidate the node storage cache. */
+        {
+            s64 storage_size;
+            R_TRY(this->node_storage.GetSize(std::addressof(storage_size)));
+            R_TRY(this->node_storage.OperateRange(fs::OperationId::InvalidateCache, 0, storage_size));
+        }
+
+        /* Refresh start/end offsets. */
+        {
+            /* Read node. */
+            R_TRY(node_storage.Read(0, this->node_l1.Get(), this->node_size));
+
+            /* Verify node. */
+            R_TRY(this->node_l1->Verify(0, this->node_size, sizeof(s64)));
+
+            /* Validate offsets. */
+            const auto * const node = this->node_l1.Get<Node>();
+
+            s64 start_offset;
+            if (offset_count < this->entry_set_count && node->GetCount() < this->offset_count) {
+                start_offset = *node->GetEnd();
+            } else {
+                start_offset = *node->GetBegin();
+            }
+            const auto end_offset = node->GetEndOffset();
+
+            R_UNLESS(0 <= start_offset && start_offset <= node->GetBeginOffset(), fs::ResultInvalidBucketTreeEntryOffset());
+            R_UNLESS(start_offset < end_offset,                                   fs::ResultInvalidBucketTreeEntryOffset());
+
+            /* Set refreshed offsets. */
+            this->start_offset = start_offset;
+            this->end_offset   = end_offset;
+        }
+
+        /* Invalidate the entry storage cache. */
+        {
+            s64 storage_size;
+            R_TRY(this->entry_storage.GetSize(std::addressof(storage_size)));
+            R_TRY(this->entry_storage.OperateRange(fs::OperationId::InvalidateCache, 0, storage_size));
+        }
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result BucketTree::Visitor::Initialize(const BucketTree *tree) {
+        AMS_ASSERT(tree != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->tree == nullptr || this->tree == tree);
+
+        if (this->entry == nullptr) {
+            this->entry = tree->GetAllocator()->Allocate(tree->entry_size);
+            R_UNLESS(this->entry != nullptr, fs::ResultBufferAllocationFailed());
+
+            this->tree = tree;
+        }
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result BucketTree::Visitor::MoveNext() {
+        R_UNLESS(this->IsValid(), fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+        /* Invalidate our index, and read the header for the next index. */
+        auto entry_index = this->entry_index + 1;
+        if (entry_index == this->entry_set.info.count) {
+            const auto entry_set_index = this->entry_set.info.index + 1;
+            R_UNLESS(entry_set_index < this->entry_set_count, fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+            this->entry_index = -1;
+
+            const auto end = this->entry_set.info.end;
+
+            const auto entry_set_size   = this->tree->node_size;
+            const auto entry_set_offset = entry_set_index * static_cast<s64>(entry_set_size);
+
+            R_TRY(this->tree->entry_storage.Read(entry_set_offset, std::addressof(this->entry_set), sizeof(EntrySetHeader)));
+            R_TRY(this->entry_set.header.Verify(entry_set_index, entry_set_size, this->tree->entry_size));
+
+            R_UNLESS(this->entry_set.info.start == end && this->entry_set.info.start < this->entry_set.info.end, fs::ResultInvalidBucketTreeEntrySetOffset());
+
+            entry_index = 0;
+        } else {
+            this->entry_index = 1;
+        }
+
+        /* Read the new entry. */
+        const auto entry_size   = this->tree->entry_size;
+        const auto entry_offset = impl::GetBucketTreeEntryOffset(this->entry_set.info.index, this->tree->node_size, entry_size, entry_index);
+        R_TRY(this->tree->entry_storage.Read(entry_offset, std::addressof(this->entry), entry_size));
+
+        /* Note that we changed index. */
+        this->entry_index = entry_index;
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result BucketTree::Visitor::MovePrevious() {
+        R_UNLESS(this->IsValid(), fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+        /* Invalidate our index, and read the heasder for the previous index. */
+        auto entry_index = this->entry_index;
+        if (entry_index == 0) {
+            R_UNLESS(this->entry_set.info.index > 0, fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+            this->entry_index = -1;
+
+            const auto start = this->entry_set.info.start;
+
+            const auto entry_set_size   = this->tree->node_size;
+            const auto entry_set_index  = this->entry_set.info.index - 1;
+            const auto entry_set_offset = entry_set_index * static_cast<s64>(entry_set_size);
+
+            R_TRY(this->tree->entry_storage.Read(entry_set_offset, std::addressof(this->entry_set), sizeof(EntrySetHeader)));
+            R_TRY(this->entry_set.header.Verify(entry_set_index, entry_set_size, this->tree->entry_size));
+
+            R_UNLESS(this->entry_set.info.end == start && this->entry_set.info.start < this->entry_set.info.end, fs::ResultInvalidBucketTreeEntrySetOffset());
+
+            entry_index = this->entry_set.info.count;
+        } else {
+            this->entry_index = -1;
+        }
+
+        --entry_index;
+
+        /* Read the new entry. */
+        const auto entry_size   = this->tree->entry_size;
+        const auto entry_offset = impl::GetBucketTreeEntryOffset(this->entry_set.info.index, this->tree->node_size, entry_size, entry_index);
+        R_TRY(this->tree->entry_storage.Read(entry_offset, std::addressof(this->entry), entry_size));
+
+        /* Note that we changed index. */
+        this->entry_index = entry_index;
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result BucketTree::Visitor::Find(s64 virtual_address) {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->tree != nullptr);
+
+        /* Get the node. */
+        const auto * const node = this->tree->node_l1.Get<Node>();
+        R_UNLESS(virtual_address < node->GetEndOffset(), fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+        /* Get the entry set index. */
+        s32 entry_set_index = -1;
+        if (this->tree->IsExistOffsetL2OnL1() && virtual_address < node->GetBeginOffset()) {
+            const auto start = node->GetEnd();
+            const auto end   = node->GetBegin() + tree->offset_count;
+
+            auto pos = std::upper_bound(start, end, virtual_address);
+            R_UNLESS(start < pos, fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+            --pos;
+
+            entry_set_index = static_cast<s32>(pos - start);
+        } else {
+            const auto start = node->GetBegin();
+            const auto end   = node->GetEnd();
+
+            auto pos = std::upper_bound(start, end, virtual_address);
+            R_UNLESS(start < pos, fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+            --pos;
+
+            if (this->tree->IsExistL2()) {
+                const auto node_index = static_cast<s32>(pos - start);
+                R_UNLESS(0 <= node_index && node_index < this->tree->offset_count, fs::ResultInvalidBucketTreeNodeOffset());
+
+                R_TRY(this->FindEntrySet(std::addressof(entry_set_index), virtual_address, node_index));
+            } else {
+                entry_set_index = static_cast<s32>(pos - start);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* Validate the entry set index. */
+        R_UNLESS(0 <= entry_set_index && entry_set_index < this->tree->entry_set_count, fs::ResultInvalidBucketTreeNodeOffset());
+
+        /* Find the entry. */
+        R_TRY(this->FindEntry(virtual_address, entry_set_index));
+
+        /* Set count. */
+        this->entry_set_count = this->tree->entry_set_count;
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result BucketTree::Visitor::FindEntrySet(s32 *out_index, s64 virtual_address, s32 node_index) {
+        const auto node_size = this->tree->node_size;
+
+        PooledBuffer pool(node_size, 1);
+        if (node_size <= pool.GetSize()) {
+            return this->FindEntrySetWithBuffer(out_index, virtual_address, node_index, pool.GetBuffer());
+        } else {
+            pool.Deallocate();
+            return this->FindEntrySetWithoutBuffer(out_index, virtual_address, node_index);
+        }
+    }
+
+    Result BucketTree::Visitor::FindEntrySetWithBuffer(s32 *out_index, s64 virtual_address, s32 node_index, char *buffer) {
+        /* Calculate node extents. */
+        const auto node_size = this->tree->node_size;
+        const auto node_offset = (node_index + 1) * static_cast<s64>(node_size);
+        fs::SubStorage &storage = tree->node_storage;
+
+        /* Read the node. */
+        R_TRY(storage.Read(node_offset, buffer, node_size));
+
+        /* Validate the header. */
+        NodeHeader header;
+        std::memcpy(std::addressof(header), buffer, NodeHeaderSize);
+        R_TRY(header.Verify(node_index, node_size, sizeof(s64)));
+
+        /* Create the node, and find. */
+        StorageNode node(sizeof(s64), header.count);
+        node.Find(buffer, virtual_address);
+        R_UNLESS(node.GetIndex() >= 0, fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+        /* Return the index. */
+        *out_index = this->tree->GetEntrySetIndex(header.index, node.GetIndex());
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result BucketTree::Visitor::FindEntrySetWithoutBuffer(s32 *out_index, s64 virtual_address, s32 node_index) {
+        /* Calculate node extents. */
+        const auto node_size = this->tree->node_size;
+        const auto node_offset = (node_index + 1) * static_cast<s64>(node_size);
+        fs::SubStorage &storage = tree->node_storage;
+
+        /* Read and validate the header. */
+        NodeHeader header;
+        R_TRY(storage.Read(node_offset, std::addressof(header), NodeHeaderSize));
+        R_TRY(header.Verify(node_index, node_size, sizeof(s64)));
+
+        /* Create the node, and find. */
+        StorageNode node(node_offset, sizeof(s64), header.count);
+        R_TRY(node.Find(storage, virtual_address));
+        R_UNLESS(node.GetIndex() >= 0, fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+        /* Return the index. */
+        *out_index = this->tree->GetEntrySetIndex(header.index, node.GetIndex());
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result BucketTree::Visitor::FindEntry(s64 virtual_address, s32 entry_set_index) {
+        const auto entry_set_size = this->tree->node_size;
+
+        PooledBuffer pool(entry_set_size, 1);
+        if (entry_set_size <= pool.GetSize()) {
+            return this->FindEntryWithBuffer(virtual_address, entry_set_index, pool.GetBuffer());
+        } else {
+            pool.Deallocate();
+            return this->FindEntryWithoutBuffer(virtual_address, entry_set_index);
+        }
+    }
+
+    Result BucketTree::Visitor::FindEntryWithBuffer(s64 virtual_address, s32 entry_set_index, char *buffer) {
+        /* Calculate entry set extents. */
+        const auto entry_size       = this->tree->entry_size;
+        const auto entry_set_size   = this->tree->node_size;
+        const auto entry_set_offset = entry_set_index * static_cast<s64>(entry_set_size);
+        fs::SubStorage &storage = tree->node_storage;
+
+        /* Read the entry set. */
+        R_TRY(storage.Read(entry_set_offset, buffer, entry_set_size));
+
+        /* Validate the entry_set. */
+        EntrySetHeader entry_set;
+        std::memcpy(std::addressof(entry_set), buffer, sizeof(EntrySetHeader));
+        R_TRY(entry_set.header.Verify(entry_set_index, entry_set_size, entry_size));
+
+        /* Create the node, and find. */
+        StorageNode node(entry_size, entry_set.info.count);
+        node.Find(buffer, virtual_address);
+        R_UNLESS(node.GetIndex() >= 0, fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+        /* Copy the data into entry. */
+        const auto entry_index = node.GetIndex();
+        const auto entry_offset = impl::GetBucketTreeEntryOffset(0, entry_size, entry_index);
+        std::memcpy(this->entry, buffer + entry_offset, entry_size);
+
+        /* Set our entry set/index. */
+        this->entry_set   = entry_set;
+        this->entry_index = entry_index;
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result BucketTree::Visitor::FindEntryWithoutBuffer(s64 virtual_address, s32 entry_set_index) {
+        /* Calculate entry set extents. */
+        const auto entry_size       = this->tree->entry_size;
+        const auto entry_set_size   = this->tree->node_size;
+        const auto entry_set_offset = entry_set_index * static_cast<s64>(entry_set_size);
+        fs::SubStorage &storage = tree->node_storage;
+
+        /* Read and validate the entry_set. */
+        EntrySetHeader entry_set;
+        R_TRY(storage.Read(entry_set_offset, std::addressof(entry_set), sizeof(EntrySetHeader)));
+        R_TRY(entry_set.header.Verify(entry_set_index, entry_set_size, entry_size));
+
+        /* Create the node, and find. */
+        StorageNode node(entry_set_offset, entry_size, entry_set.info.count);
+        R_TRY(node.Find(storage, virtual_address));
+        R_UNLESS(node.GetIndex() >= 0, fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+        /* Copy the data into entry. */
+        const auto entry_index = node.GetIndex();
+        const auto entry_offset = impl::GetBucketTreeEntryOffset(entry_set_offset, entry_size, entry_index);
+        R_TRY(storage.Read(entry_offset, this->entry, entry_size));
+
+        /* Set our entry set/index. */
+        this->entry_set   = entry_set;
+        this->entry_index = entry_index;
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssystem/fssystem_crypto_configuration.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+#include "fssystem_key_slot_cache.hpp"
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    namespace {
+
+        constexpr inline const size_t KeySize = crypto::AesDecryptor128::KeySize;
+
+        constexpr inline const size_t AcidSignatureKeyGenerationMax = 1;
+
+        constexpr inline const u8 AcidSignatureKeyModulusDev[AcidSignatureKeyGenerationMax + 1][AcidSignatureKeyModulusSize] = {
+            {
+                0xD6, 0x34, 0xA5, 0x78, 0x6C, 0x68, 0xCE, 0x5A, 0xC2, 0x37, 0x17, 0xF3, 0x82, 0x45, 0xC6, 0x89,
+                0xE1, 0x2D, 0x06, 0x67, 0xBF, 0xB4, 0x06, 0x19, 0x55, 0x6B, 0x27, 0x66, 0x0C, 0xA4, 0xB5, 0x87,
+                0x81, 0x25, 0xF4, 0x30, 0xBC, 0x53, 0x08, 0x68, 0xA2, 0x48, 0x49, 0x8C, 0x3F, 0x38, 0x40, 0x9C,
+                0xC4, 0x26, 0xF4, 0x79, 0xE2, 0xA1, 0x85, 0xF5, 0x5C, 0x7F, 0x58, 0xBA, 0xA6, 0x1C, 0xA0, 0x8B,
+                0x84, 0x16, 0x14, 0x6F, 0x85, 0xD9, 0x7C, 0xE1, 0x3C, 0x67, 0x22, 0x1E, 0xFB, 0xD8, 0xA7, 0xA5,
+                0x9A, 0xBF, 0xEC, 0x0E, 0xCF, 0x96, 0x7E, 0x85, 0xC2, 0x1D, 0x49, 0x5D, 0x54, 0x26, 0xCB, 0x32,
+                0x7C, 0xF6, 0xBB, 0x58, 0x03, 0x80, 0x2B, 0x5D, 0xF7, 0xFB, 0xD1, 0x9D, 0xC7, 0xC6, 0x2E, 0x53,
+                0xC0, 0x6F, 0x39, 0x2C, 0x1F, 0xA9, 0x92, 0xF2, 0x4D, 0x7D, 0x4E, 0x74, 0xFF, 0xE4, 0xEF, 0xE4,
+                0x7C, 0x3D, 0x34, 0x2A, 0x71, 0xA4, 0x97, 0x59, 0xFF, 0x4F, 0xA2, 0xF4, 0x66, 0x78, 0xD8, 0xBA,
+                0x99, 0xE3, 0xE6, 0xDB, 0x54, 0xB9, 0xE9, 0x54, 0xA1, 0x70, 0xFC, 0x05, 0x1F, 0x11, 0x67, 0x4B,
+                0x26, 0x8C, 0x0C, 0x3E, 0x03, 0xD2, 0xA3, 0x55, 0x5C, 0x7D, 0xC0, 0x5D, 0x9D, 0xFF, 0x13, 0x2F,
+                0xFD, 0x19, 0xBF, 0xED, 0x44, 0xC3, 0x8C, 0xA7, 0x28, 0xCB, 0xE5, 0xE0, 0xB1, 0xA7, 0x9C, 0x33,
+                0x8D, 0xB8, 0x6E, 0xDE, 0x87, 0x18, 0x22, 0x60, 0xC4, 0xAE, 0xF2, 0x87, 0x9F, 0xCE, 0x09, 0x5C,
+                0xB5, 0x99, 0xA5, 0x9F, 0x49, 0xF2, 0xD7, 0x58, 0xFA, 0xF9, 0xC0, 0x25, 0x7D, 0xD6, 0xCB, 0xF3,
+                0xD8, 0x6C, 0xA2, 0x69, 0x91, 0x68, 0x73, 0xB1, 0x94, 0x6F, 0xA3, 0xF3, 0xB9, 0x7D, 0xF8, 0xE0,
+                0x72, 0x9E, 0x93, 0x7B, 0x7A, 0xA2, 0x57, 0x60, 0xB7, 0x5B, 0xA9, 0x84, 0xAE, 0x64, 0x88, 0x69
+            },
+            {
+                0xBC, 0xA5, 0x6A, 0x7E, 0xEA, 0x38, 0x34, 0x62, 0xA6, 0x10, 0x18, 0x3C, 0xE1, 0x63, 0x7B, 0xF0,
+                0xD3, 0x08, 0x8C, 0xF5, 0xC5, 0xC4, 0xC7, 0x93, 0xE9, 0xD9, 0xE6, 0x32, 0xF3, 0xA0, 0xF6, 0x6E,
+                0x8A, 0x98, 0x76, 0x47, 0x33, 0x47, 0x65, 0x02, 0x70, 0xDC, 0x86, 0x5F, 0x3D, 0x61, 0x5A, 0x70,
+                0xBC, 0x5A, 0xCA, 0xCA, 0x50, 0xAD, 0x61, 0x7E, 0xC9, 0xEC, 0x27, 0xFF, 0xE8, 0x64, 0x42, 0x9A,
+                0xEE, 0xBE, 0xC3, 0xD1, 0x0B, 0xC0, 0xE9, 0xBF, 0x83, 0x8D, 0xC0, 0x0C, 0xD8, 0x00, 0x5B, 0x76,
+                0x90, 0xD2, 0x4B, 0x30, 0x84, 0x35, 0x8B, 0x1E, 0x20, 0xB7, 0xE4, 0xDC, 0x63, 0xE5, 0xDF, 0xCD,
+                0x00, 0x5F, 0x81, 0x5F, 0x67, 0xC5, 0x8B, 0xDF, 0xFC, 0xE1, 0x37, 0x5F, 0x07, 0xD9, 0xDE, 0x4F,
+                0xE6, 0x7B, 0xF1, 0xFB, 0xA1, 0x5A, 0x71, 0x40, 0xFE, 0xBA, 0x1E, 0xAE, 0x13, 0x22, 0xD2, 0xFE,
+                0x37, 0xA2, 0xB6, 0x8B, 0xAB, 0xEB, 0x84, 0x81, 0x4E, 0x7C, 0x1E, 0x02, 0xD1, 0xFB, 0xD7, 0x5D,
+                0x11, 0x84, 0x64, 0xD2, 0x4D, 0xBB, 0x50, 0x00, 0x67, 0x54, 0xE2, 0x77, 0x89, 0xBA, 0x0B, 0xE7,
+                0x05, 0x57, 0x9A, 0x22, 0x5A, 0xEC, 0x76, 0x1C, 0xFD, 0xE8, 0xA8, 0x18, 0x16, 0x41, 0x65, 0x03,
+                0xFA, 0xC4, 0xA6, 0x31, 0x5C, 0x1A, 0x7F, 0xAB, 0x11, 0xC8, 0x4A, 0x99, 0xB9, 0xE6, 0xCF, 0x62,
+                0x21, 0xA6, 0x72, 0x47, 0xDB, 0xBA, 0x96, 0x26, 0x4E, 0x2E, 0xD4, 0x8C, 0x46, 0xD6, 0xA7, 0x1A,
+                0x6C, 0x32, 0xA7, 0xDF, 0x85, 0x1C, 0x03, 0xC3, 0x6D, 0xA9, 0xE9, 0x68, 0xF4, 0x17, 0x1E, 0xB2,
+                0x70, 0x2A, 0xA1, 0xE5, 0xE1, 0xF3, 0x8F, 0x6F, 0x63, 0xAC, 0xEB, 0x72, 0x0B, 0x4C, 0x4A, 0x36,
+                0x3C, 0x60, 0x91, 0x9F, 0x6E, 0x1C, 0x71, 0xEA, 0xD0, 0x78, 0x78, 0xA0, 0x2E, 0xC6, 0x32, 0x6B
+            }
+        };
+
+        constexpr inline const u8 AcidSignatureKeyModulusProd[AcidSignatureKeyGenerationMax + 1][AcidSignatureKeyModulusSize] = {
+            {
+                0xDD, 0xC8, 0xDD, 0xF2, 0x4E, 0x6D, 0xF0, 0xCA, 0x9E, 0xC7, 0x5D, 0xC7, 0x7B, 0xAD, 0xFE, 0x7D,
+                0x23, 0x89, 0x69, 0xB6, 0xF2, 0x06, 0xA2, 0x02, 0x88, 0xE1, 0x55, 0x91, 0xAB, 0xCB, 0x4D, 0x50,
+                0x2E, 0xFC, 0x9D, 0x94, 0x76, 0xD6, 0x4C, 0xD8, 0xFF, 0x10, 0xFA, 0x5E, 0x93, 0x0A, 0xB4, 0x57,
+                0xAC, 0x51, 0xC7, 0x16, 0x66, 0xF4, 0x1A, 0x54, 0xC2, 0xC5, 0x04, 0x3D, 0x1B, 0xFE, 0x30, 0x20,
+                0x8A, 0xAC, 0x6F, 0x6F, 0xF5, 0xC7, 0xB6, 0x68, 0xB8, 0xC9, 0x40, 0x6B, 0x42, 0xAD, 0x11, 0x21,
+                0xE7, 0x8B, 0xE9, 0x75, 0x01, 0x86, 0xE4, 0x48, 0x9B, 0x0A, 0x0A, 0xF8, 0x7F, 0xE8, 0x87, 0xF2,
+                0x82, 0x01, 0xE6, 0xA3, 0x0F, 0xE4, 0x66, 0xAE, 0x83, 0x3F, 0x4E, 0x9F, 0x5E, 0x01, 0x30, 0xA4,
+                0x00, 0xB9, 0x9A, 0xAE, 0x5F, 0x03, 0xCC, 0x18, 0x60, 0xE5, 0xEF, 0x3B, 0x5E, 0x15, 0x16, 0xFE,
+                0x1C, 0x82, 0x78, 0xB5, 0x2F, 0x47, 0x7C, 0x06, 0x66, 0x88, 0x5D, 0x35, 0xA2, 0x67, 0x20, 0x10,
+                0xE7, 0x6C, 0x43, 0x68, 0xD3, 0xE4, 0x5A, 0x68, 0x2A, 0x5A, 0xE2, 0x6D, 0x73, 0xB0, 0x31, 0x53,
+                0x1C, 0x20, 0x09, 0x44, 0xF5, 0x1A, 0x9D, 0x22, 0xBE, 0x12, 0xA1, 0x77, 0x11, 0xE2, 0xA1, 0xCD,
+                0x40, 0x9A, 0xA2, 0x8B, 0x60, 0x9B, 0xEF, 0xA0, 0xD3, 0x48, 0x63, 0xA2, 0xF8, 0xA3, 0x2C, 0x08,
+                0x56, 0x52, 0x2E, 0x60, 0x19, 0x67, 0x5A, 0xA7, 0x9F, 0xDC, 0x3F, 0x3F, 0x69, 0x2B, 0x31, 0x6A,
+                0xB7, 0x88, 0x4A, 0x14, 0x84, 0x80, 0x33, 0x3C, 0x9D, 0x44, 0xB7, 0x3F, 0x4C, 0xE1, 0x75, 0xEA,
+                0x37, 0xEA, 0xE8, 0x1E, 0x7C, 0x77, 0xB7, 0xC6, 0x1A, 0xA2, 0xF0, 0x9F, 0x10, 0x61, 0xCD, 0x7B,
+                0x5B, 0x32, 0x4C, 0x37, 0xEF, 0xB1, 0x71, 0x68, 0x53, 0x0A, 0xED, 0x51, 0x7D, 0x35, 0x22, 0xFD
+            },
+            {
+                0xE7, 0xAA, 0x25, 0xC8, 0x01, 0xA5, 0x14, 0x6B, 0x01, 0x60, 0x3E, 0xD9, 0x96, 0x5A, 0xBF, 0x90,
+                0xAC, 0xA7, 0xFD, 0x9B, 0x5B, 0xBD, 0x8A, 0x26, 0xB0, 0xCB, 0x20, 0x28, 0x9A, 0x72, 0x12, 0xF5,
+                0x20, 0x65, 0xB3, 0xB9, 0x84, 0x58, 0x1F, 0x27, 0xBC, 0x7C, 0xA2, 0xC9, 0x9E, 0x18, 0x95, 0xCF,
+                0xC2, 0x73, 0x2E, 0x74, 0x8C, 0x66, 0xE5, 0x9E, 0x79, 0x2B, 0xB8, 0x07, 0x0C, 0xB0, 0x4E, 0x8E,
+                0xAB, 0x85, 0x21, 0x42, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0x6D, 0x88, 0x9C, 0xDB, 0x15, 0x95, 0x3F, 0x80, 0xDB, 0x7A,
+                0x9A, 0x7D, 0x41, 0x56, 0x25, 0x17, 0x18, 0x42, 0x4D, 0x8C, 0xAC, 0xA5, 0x7B, 0xDB, 0x42, 0x5D,
+                0x59, 0x35, 0x45, 0x5D, 0x8A, 0x02, 0xB5, 0x70, 0xC0, 0x72, 0x35, 0x46, 0xD0, 0x1D, 0x60, 0x01,
+                0x4A, 0xCC, 0x1C, 0x46, 0xD3, 0xD6, 0x35, 0x52, 0xD6, 0xE1, 0xF8, 0x3B, 0x5D, 0xEA, 0xDD, 0xB8,
+                0xFE, 0x7D, 0x50, 0xCB, 0x35, 0x23, 0x67, 0x8B, 0xB6, 0xE4, 0x74, 0xD2, 0x60, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0x43,
+                0xBF, 0x91, 0x08, 0x81, 0xC5, 0x4F, 0x5D, 0x16, 0x9A, 0xC4, 0x9A, 0xC6, 0xF6, 0xF3, 0xE1, 0xF6,
+                0x5C, 0x07, 0xAA, 0x71, 0x6C, 0x13, 0xA4, 0xB1, 0xB3, 0x66, 0xBF, 0x90, 0x4C, 0x3D, 0xA2, 0xC4,
+                0x0B, 0xB8, 0x3D, 0x7A, 0x8C, 0x19, 0xFA, 0xFF, 0x6B, 0xB9, 0x1F, 0x02, 0xCC, 0xB6, 0xD3, 0x0C,
+                0x7D, 0x19, 0x1F, 0x47, 0xF9, 0xC7, 0x40, 0x01, 0xFA, 0x46, 0xEA, 0x0B, 0xD4, 0x02, 0xE0, 0x3D,
+                0x30, 0x9A, 0x1A, 0x0F, 0xEA, 0xA7, 0x66, 0x55, 0xF7, 0xCB, 0x28, 0xE2, 0xBB, 0x99, 0xE4, 0x83,
+                0xC3, 0x43, 0x03, 0xEE, 0xDC, 0x1F, 0x02, 0x23, 0xDD, 0xD1, 0x2D, 0x39, 0xA4, 0x65, 0x75, 0x03,
+                0xEF, 0x37, 0x9C, 0x06, 0xD6, 0xFA, 0xA1, 0x15, 0xF0, 0xDB, 0x17, 0x47, 0x26, 0x4F, 0x49, 0x03
+            }
+        };
+
+        static_assert(sizeof(AcidSignatureKeyModulusProd) == sizeof(AcidSignatureKeyModulusDev));
+
+        constexpr inline const u8 AcidSignatureKeyPublicExponent[] = {
+            0x01, 0x00, 0x01
+        };
+
+        NcaCryptoConfiguration g_nca_crypto_configuration_dev;
+        NcaCryptoConfiguration g_nca_crypto_configuration_prod;
+
+        constexpr inline s32 KeySlotCacheEntryCount = 3;
+        KeySlotCache g_key_slot_cache;
+        std::optional<KeySlotCacheEntry> g_key_slot_cache_entry[KeySlotCacheEntryCount];
+
+        spl::AccessKey &GetNcaKekAccessKey(s32 key_type) {
+            static spl::AccessKey s_nca_kek_access_key_array[KeyAreaEncryptionKeyCount] = {};
+            static spl::AccessKey s_nca_header_kek_access_key                           = {};
+            static spl::AccessKey s_invalid_nca_kek_access_key                          = {};
+
+            if (key_type > static_cast<s32>(KeyType::NcaHeaderKey) || IsInvalidKeyTypeValue(key_type)) {
+                return s_invalid_nca_kek_access_key;
+            } else if (key_type == static_cast<s32>(KeyType::NcaHeaderKey)) {
+                return s_nca_header_kek_access_key;
+            } else {
+                return s_nca_kek_access_key_array[key_type];
+            }
+        }
+
+        void GenerateNcaKey(void *dst, size_t dst_size, const void *src, size_t src_size, s32 key_type, const NcaCryptoConfiguration &cfg) {
+            R_ABORT_UNLESS(spl::GenerateAesKey(dst, dst_size, GetNcaKekAccessKey(key_type), src, src_size));
+        }
+
+        void DecryptAesCtr(void *dst, size_t dst_size, s32 key_type, const void *enc_key, size_t enc_key_size, const void *iv, size_t iv_size, const void *src, size_t src_size) {
+            std::unique_ptr<KeySlotCacheAccessor> accessor;
+
+            R_TRY_CATCH(g_key_slot_cache.Find(std::addressof(accessor), enc_key, enc_key_size, key_type)) {
+                R_CATCH(fs::ResultTargetNotFound) {
+                    R_ABORT_UNLESS(g_key_slot_cache.AllocateHighPriority(std::addressof(accessor), enc_key, enc_key_size, key_type));
+                    R_ABORT_UNLESS(spl::LoadAesKey(accessor->GetKeySlotIndex(), GetNcaKekAccessKey(key_type), enc_key, enc_key_size));
+                }
+            } R_END_TRY_CATCH_WITH_ABORT_UNLESS;
+
+            R_ABORT_UNLESS(spl::ComputeCtr(dst, dst_size, accessor->GetKeySlotIndex(), src, src_size, iv, iv_size));
+        }
+
+        void DecryptAesCtrForPreparedKey(void *dst, size_t dst_size, s32 key_type, const void *enc_key, size_t enc_key_size, const void *iv, size_t iv_size, const void *src, size_t src_size) {
+            std::unique_ptr<KeySlotCacheAccessor> accessor;
+
+            key_type = static_cast<s32>(KeyType::NcaExternalKey);
+
+            R_TRY_CATCH(g_key_slot_cache.Find(std::addressof(accessor), enc_key, enc_key_size, key_type)) {
+                R_CATCH(fs::ResultTargetNotFound) {
+                    R_ABORT_UNLESS(g_key_slot_cache.AllocateHighPriority(std::addressof(accessor), enc_key, enc_key_size, key_type));
+
+                    spl::AccessKey access_key;
+                    AMS_ABORT_UNLESS(enc_key_size == sizeof(access_key));
+                    std::memcpy(std::addressof(access_key), enc_key, sizeof(access_key));
+                    R_ABORT_UNLESS(spl::LoadPreparedAesKey(accessor->GetKeySlotIndex(), access_key));
+                }
+            } R_END_TRY_CATCH_WITH_ABORT_UNLESS;
+
+            R_ABORT_UNLESS(spl::ComputeCtr(dst, dst_size, accessor->GetKeySlotIndex(), src, src_size, iv, iv_size));
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    const ::ams::fssystem::NcaCryptoConfiguration *GetNcaCryptoConfiguration(bool prod) {
+        /* Decide which configuration to use. */
+        NcaCryptoConfiguration *cfg = prod ? std::addressof(g_nca_crypto_configuration_prod) : std::addressof(g_nca_crypto_configuration_dev);
+        std::memcpy(cfg, fssrv::GetDefaultNcaCryptoConfiguration(prod), sizeof(NcaCryptoConfiguration));
+
+        /* Set the key generation functions. */
+        cfg->generate_key                  = GenerateNcaKey;
+        cfg->decrypt_aes_ctr               = DecryptAesCtr;
+        cfg->decrypt_aes_ctr_external      = DecryptAesCtrForPreparedKey;
+        cfg->is_plaintext_header_available = !prod;
+
+        return cfg;
+    }
+
+    void SetUpKekAccessKeys(bool prod) {
+        /* Get the crypto configuration. */
+        const NcaCryptoConfiguration *nca_crypto_cfg = GetNcaCryptoConfiguration(prod);
+
+        /* Setup the nca keys. */
+        {
+            constexpr s32 Option = 0;
+
+            /* Setup the key area encryption keys. */
+            for (u8 i = 0; i < NcaCryptoConfiguration::KeyGenerationMax; ++i) {
+                spl::GenerateAesKek(std::addressof(GetNcaKekAccessKey(GetKeyTypeValue(0, i))), nca_crypto_cfg->key_area_encryption_key_source[0], KeySize, i, Option);
+                spl::GenerateAesKek(std::addressof(GetNcaKekAccessKey(GetKeyTypeValue(1, i))), nca_crypto_cfg->key_area_encryption_key_source[1], KeySize, i, Option);
+                spl::GenerateAesKek(std::addressof(GetNcaKekAccessKey(GetKeyTypeValue(2, i))), nca_crypto_cfg->key_area_encryption_key_source[2], KeySize, i, Option);
+            }
+
+            /* Setup the header encryption key. */
+            R_ABORT_UNLESS(spl::GenerateAesKek(std::addressof(GetNcaKekAccessKey(static_cast<s32>(KeyType::NcaHeaderKey))), nca_crypto_cfg->header_encryption_key_source, KeySize, 0, Option));
+        }
+
+        /* TODO FS-REIMPL: Save stuff. */
+
+        /* Setup the keyslot cache. */
+        for (s32 i = 0; i < KeySlotCacheEntryCount; i++) {
+            s32 slot_index;
+            R_ABORT_UNLESS(spl::AllocateAesKeySlot(std::addressof(slot_index)));
+            g_key_slot_cache_entry[i].emplace(slot_index);
+            g_key_slot_cache.AddEntry(std::addressof(g_key_slot_cache_entry[i].value()));
+        }
+    }
+
+    void InvalidateHardwareAesKey() {
+        constexpr u8 InvalidKey[KeySize] = {};
+        for (s32 i = 0; i < KeySlotCacheEntryCount; ++i) {
+            std::unique_ptr<KeySlotCacheAccessor> accessor;
+            R_ABORT_UNLESS(g_key_slot_cache.AllocateHighPriority(std::addressof(accessor), InvalidKey, KeySize, -1 - i));
+        }
+    }
+
+    const u8 *GetAcidSignatureKeyModulus(bool prod, size_t key_generation) {
+        AMS_ASSERT(key_generation <= AcidSignatureKeyGenerationMax);
+        const size_t used_keygen = (key_generation % (AcidSignatureKeyGenerationMax + 1));
+        return prod ? AcidSignatureKeyModulusProd[used_keygen] : AcidSignatureKeyModulusDev[used_keygen];
+    }
+
+    const u8 *GetAcidSignatureKeyPublicExponent() {
+        return AcidSignatureKeyPublicExponent;
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssystem/fssystem_file_system_proxy_api.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    /* TODO: All of this should really be inside fs process, but ams.mitm wants it to. */
+    /* How should we handle this? */
+
+    namespace {
+
+        /* Official FS has a 4.5 MB exp heap, a 6 MB buffer pool, an 8 MB device buffer manager heap, and a 14 MB buffer manager heap. */
+        /* We don't need so much memory for ams.mitm (as we're servicing a much more limited context). */
+        /* We'll give ourselves a 2.5 MB exp heap, a 2 MB buffer pool, a 2 MB device buffer manager heap, and a 2 MB buffer manager heap. */
+        /* These numbers match signed-system-partition safe FS. */
+        constexpr size_t ExpHeapSize           = 2_MB + 512_KB;
+        constexpr size_t BufferPoolSize        = 2_MB;
+        constexpr size_t DeviceBufferSize      = 2_MB;
+        constexpr size_t BufferManagerHeapSize = 2_MB;
+
+        constexpr size_t MaxCacheCount = 1024;
+        constexpr size_t BlockSize     = 16_KB;
+
+        alignas(os::MemoryPageSize) u8 g_exp_heap_buffer[ExpHeapSize];
+        lmem::HeapHandle g_exp_heap_handle = nullptr;
+        fssrv::PeakCheckableMemoryResourceFromExpHeap g_exp_allocator(ExpHeapSize);
+
+        void InitializeExpHeap() {
+            if (g_exp_heap_handle == nullptr) {
+                g_exp_heap_handle = lmem::CreateExpHeap(g_exp_heap_buffer, ExpHeapSize, lmem::CreateOption_ThreadSafe);
+                AMS_ABORT_UNLESS(g_exp_heap_handle != nullptr);
+                g_exp_allocator.SetHeapHandle(g_exp_heap_handle);
+            }
+        }
+
+        void *AllocateForFileSystemProxy(size_t size) {
+            AMS_ABORT_UNLESS(g_exp_heap_handle != nullptr);
+
+            auto scoped_lock = g_exp_allocator.GetScopedLock();
+
+            void *p = lmem::AllocateFromExpHeap(g_exp_heap_handle, size);
+            g_exp_allocator.OnAllocate(p, size);
+            return p;
+        }
+
+        void DeallocateForFileSystemProxy(void *p, size_t size) {
+            AMS_ABORT_UNLESS(g_exp_heap_handle != nullptr);
+
+            auto scoped_lock = g_exp_allocator.GetScopedLock();
+
+            g_exp_allocator.OnDeallocate(p, size);
+            lmem::FreeToExpHeap(g_exp_heap_handle, p);
+        }
+
+        alignas(os::MemoryPageSize) u8 g_device_buffer[DeviceBufferSize];
+
+        alignas(os::MemoryPageSize) u8 g_buffer_pool[BufferPoolSize];
+        TYPED_STORAGE(mem::StandardAllocator) g_buffer_allocator;
+        TYPED_STORAGE(fssrv::MemoryResourceFromStandardAllocator) g_allocator;
+
+        /* TODO: Nintendo uses os::SetMemoryHeapSize (svc::SetHeapSize) and os::AllocateMemoryBlock for the BufferManager heap. */
+        /* It's unclear how we should handle this in ams.mitm (especially hoping to reuse some logic for fs reimpl). */
+        /* Should we be doing the same(?) */
+        TYPED_STORAGE(fssystem::FileSystemBufferManager) g_buffer_manager;
+        alignas(os::MemoryPageSize) u8 g_buffer_manager_heap[BufferManagerHeapSize];
+
+        /* FileSystem creators. */
+        TYPED_STORAGE(fssrv::fscreator::RomFileSystemCreator)       g_rom_fs_creator;
+        TYPED_STORAGE(fssrv::fscreator::PartitionFileSystemCreator) g_partition_fs_creator;
+        TYPED_STORAGE(fssrv::fscreator::StorageOnNcaCreator)        g_storage_on_nca_creator;
+
+        fssrv::fscreator::FileSystemCreatorInterfaces g_fs_creator_interfaces = {};
+
+    }
+
+    void InitializeForFileSystemProxy() {
+        /* TODO FS-REIMPL: fssystem::RegisterServiceContext */
+
+        /* TODO FS-REIMPL: spl::InitializeForFs(); */
+
+        /* Determine whether we're prod or dev. */
+        bool is_prod                         = !spl::IsDevelopment();
+        bool is_development_function_enabled = spl::IsDevelopmentFunctionEnabled();
+
+        /* Setup our crypto configuration. */
+        SetUpKekAccessKeys(is_prod);
+
+        /* Setup our heap. */
+        InitializeExpHeap();
+
+        /* Initialize buffer allocator. */
+        new (GetPointer(g_buffer_allocator)) mem::StandardAllocator(g_buffer_pool, BufferPoolSize);
+        new (GetPointer(g_allocator))        fssrv::MemoryResourceFromStandardAllocator(GetPointer(g_buffer_allocator));
+
+        /* Set allocators. */
+        fs::SetAllocator(AllocateForFileSystemProxy, DeallocateForFileSystemProxy);
+        fssystem::InitializeAllocator(AllocateForFileSystemProxy, DeallocateForFileSystemProxy);
+
+        /* Initialize the buffer manager. */
+        /* TODO FS-REIMPL: os::AllocateMemoryBlock(...); */
+        new (GetPointer(g_buffer_manager)) fssystem::FileSystemBufferManager;
+        GetReference(g_buffer_manager).Initialize(MaxCacheCount, reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(g_buffer_manager_heap), BufferManagerHeapSize, BlockSize);
+
+        /* TODO FS-REIMPL: Memory Report Creators, fssrv::SetMemoryReportCreator */
+
+        /* TODO FS-REIMPL: Create Pooled Threads, fssystem::RegisterThreadPool. */
+
+        /* Initialize fs creators. */
+        new (GetPointer(g_rom_fs_creator))         fssrv::fscreator::RomFileSystemCreator(GetPointer(g_allocator));
+        new (GetPointer(g_partition_fs_creator))   fssrv::fscreator::PartitionFileSystemCreator;
+        new (GetPointer(g_storage_on_nca_creator)) fssrv::fscreator::StorageOnNcaCreator(GetPointer(g_allocator), *GetNcaCryptoConfiguration(is_prod), is_prod, GetPointer(g_buffer_manager));
+
+        /* TODO FS-REIMPL: Initialize other creators. */
+
+        g_fs_creator_interfaces = {
+            .rom_fs_creator         = GetPointer(g_rom_fs_creator),
+            .partition_fs_creator   = GetPointer(g_partition_fs_creator),
+            .storage_on_nca_creator = GetPointer(g_storage_on_nca_creator),
+        };
+
+        /* TODO FS-REIMPL: Sd Card detection, speed emulation. */
+
+        /* Initialize fssrv. TODO FS-REIMPL: More arguments, more actions taken. */
+        fssrv::InitializeForFileSystemProxy(std::addressof(g_fs_creator_interfaces), GetPointer(g_buffer_manager), is_development_function_enabled);
+
+        /* Disable auto-abort in fs library code. */
+        /* TODO: fs::SetEnabledAutoAbort(false); */
+
+        /* TODO FS-REIMPL: Initialize fsp server. */
+
+        /* NOTE: This is done in fsp server init, normally. */
+        fssystem::InitializeBufferPool(reinterpret_cast<char *>(g_device_buffer), DeviceBufferSize);
+    }
+
+    const ::ams::fssrv::fscreator::FileSystemCreatorInterfaces *GetFileSystemCreatorInterfaces() {
+        return std::addressof(g_fs_creator_interfaces);
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssystem/fssystem_hierarchical_sha256_storage.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+#include "fssystem_hierarchical_sha256_storage.hpp"
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    namespace {
+
+        s32 Log2(s32 value) {
+            AMS_ASSERT(value > 0);
+            AMS_ASSERT(util::IsPowerOfTwo(value));
+
+            s32 log = 0;
+            while ((value >>= 1) > 0) {
+                ++log;
+            }
+            return log;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    Result HierarchicalSha256Storage::Initialize(IStorage **base_storages, s32 layer_count, size_t htbs, void *hash_buf, size_t hash_buf_size) {
+        /* Validate preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(layer_count == LayerCount);
+        AMS_ASSERT(util::IsPowerOfTwo(htbs));
+        AMS_ASSERT(hash_buf != nullptr);
+
+        /* Set size tracking members. */
+        this->hash_target_block_size = htbs;
+        this->log_size_ratio         = Log2(this->hash_target_block_size / HashSize);
+
+        /* Get the base storage size. */
+        R_TRY(base_storages[2]->GetSize(std::addressof(this->base_storage_size)));
+        {
+            auto size_guard = SCOPE_GUARD { this->base_storage_size = 0; };
+            R_UNLESS(this->base_storage_size <= static_cast<s64>(HashSize) << log_size_ratio << log_size_ratio, fs::ResultHierarchicalSha256BaseStorageTooLarge());
+            size_guard.Cancel();
+        }
+
+        /* Set hash buffer tracking members. */
+        this->base_storage     = base_storages[2];
+        this->hash_buffer      = static_cast<char *>(hash_buf);
+        this->hash_buffer_size = hash_buf_size;
+
+        /* Read the master hash. */
+        u8 master_hash[HashSize];
+        R_TRY(base_storages[0]->Read(0, master_hash, HashSize));
+
+        /* Read and validate the data being hashed. */
+        s64 hash_storage_size;
+        R_TRY(base_storages[1]->GetSize(std::addressof(hash_storage_size)));
+        AMS_ASSERT(util::IsAligned(hash_storage_size, HashSize));
+        AMS_ASSERT(hash_storage_size <= this->hash_target_block_size);
+        AMS_ASSERT(hash_storage_size <= static_cast<s64>(this->hash_buffer_size));
+
+        R_TRY(base_storages[1]->Read(0, this->hash_buffer, static_cast<size_t>(hash_storage_size)));
+
+        /* Calculate and verify the master hash. */
+        u8 calc_hash[HashSize];
+        crypto::GenerateSha256Hash(calc_hash, sizeof(calc_hash), this->hash_buffer, static_cast<size_t>(hash_storage_size));
+        R_UNLESS(crypto::IsSameBytes(master_hash, calc_hash, HashSize), fs::ResultHierarchicalSha256HashVerificationFailed());
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result HierarchicalSha256Storage::Read(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size) {
+        /* Succeed if zero-size. */
+        R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+        /* Validate that we have a buffer to read into. */
+        R_UNLESS(buffer != nullptr, fs::ResultNullptrArgument());
+
+        /* Validate preconditions. */
+        R_UNLESS(util::IsAligned(offset, this->hash_target_block_size), fs::ResultInvalidArgument());
+        R_UNLESS(util::IsAligned(size,   this->hash_target_block_size), fs::ResultInvalidArgument());
+
+        /* Read the data. */
+        const size_t reduced_size = static_cast<size_t>(std::min<s64>(this->base_storage_size, util::AlignUp(offset + size, this->hash_target_block_size) - offset));
+        R_TRY(this->base_storage->Read(offset, buffer, reduced_size));
+
+        /* Temporarily increase our thread priority. */
+        ScopedThreadPriorityChanger cp(+1, ScopedThreadPriorityChanger::Mode::Relative);
+
+        /* Setup tracking variables. */
+        auto cur_offset     = offset;
+        auto remaining_size = reduced_size;
+        while (remaining_size > 0) {
+            /* Generate the hash of the region we're validating. */
+            u8 hash[HashSize];
+            const auto cur_size = static_cast<size_t>(std::min<s64>(this->hash_target_block_size, remaining_size));
+            crypto::GenerateSha256Hash(hash, sizeof(hash), static_cast<u8 *>(buffer) + (cur_offset - offset), cur_size);
+
+            AMS_ASSERT(static_cast<size_t>(cur_offset >> this->log_size_ratio) < this->hash_buffer_size);
+
+            /* Check the hash. */
+            {
+                std::scoped_lock lk(this->mutex);
+                auto clear_guard = SCOPE_GUARD { std::memset(buffer, 0, size); };
+
+                R_UNLESS(crypto::IsSameBytes(hash, std::addressof(this->hash_buffer[cur_offset >> this->log_size_ratio]), HashSize), fs::ResultHierarchicalSha256HashVerificationFailed());
+
+                clear_guard.Cancel();
+            }
+
+            /* Advance. */
+            cur_offset     += cur_size;
+            remaining_size -= cur_size;
+        }
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result HierarchicalSha256Storage::Write(s64 offset, const void *buffer, size_t size) {
+        /* Succeed if zero-size. */
+        R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+        /* Validate that we have a buffer to read into. */
+        R_UNLESS(buffer != nullptr, fs::ResultNullptrArgument());
+
+        /* Validate preconditions. */
+        R_UNLESS(util::IsAligned(offset, this->hash_target_block_size), fs::ResultInvalidArgument());
+        R_UNLESS(util::IsAligned(size,   this->hash_target_block_size), fs::ResultInvalidArgument());
+
+        /* Setup tracking variables. */
+        const size_t reduced_size = static_cast<size_t>(std::min<s64>(this->base_storage_size, util::AlignUp(offset + size, this->hash_target_block_size) - offset));
+        auto cur_offset     = offset;
+        auto remaining_size = reduced_size;
+        while (remaining_size > 0) {
+            /* Generate the hash of the region we're validating. */
+            u8 hash[HashSize];
+            const auto cur_size = static_cast<size_t>(std::min<s64>(this->hash_target_block_size, remaining_size));
+            {
+                /* Temporarily increase our thread priority. */
+                ScopedThreadPriorityChanger cp(+1, ScopedThreadPriorityChanger::Mode::Relative);
+                crypto::GenerateSha256Hash(hash, sizeof(hash), static_cast<const u8 *>(buffer) + (cur_offset - offset), cur_size);
+            }
+
+            /* Write the data. */
+            R_TRY(this->base_storage->Write(cur_offset, static_cast<const u8 *>(buffer) + (cur_offset - offset), cur_size));
+
+            /* Write the hash. */
+            {
+                std::scoped_lock lk(this->mutex);
+                std::memcpy(std::addressof(this->hash_buffer[cur_offset >> this->log_size_ratio]), hash, HashSize);
+            }
+
+            /* Advance. */
+            cur_offset     += cur_size;
+            remaining_size -= cur_size;
+        }
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result HierarchicalSha256Storage::OperateRange(void *dst, size_t dst_size, fs::OperationId op_id, s64 offset, s64 size, const void *src, size_t src_size) {
+        /* Succeed if zero-size. */
+        R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+        /* Validate preconditions. */
+        R_UNLESS(util::IsAligned(offset, this->hash_target_block_size), fs::ResultInvalidArgument());
+        R_UNLESS(util::IsAligned(size,   this->hash_target_block_size), fs::ResultInvalidArgument());
+
+        /* Determine size to use. */
+        const auto reduced_size = std::min<s64>(this->base_storage_size, util::AlignUp(offset + size, this->hash_target_block_size) - offset);
+
+        /* Operate on the base storage. */
+        return this->base_storage->OperateRange(dst, dst_size, op_id, offset, reduced_size, src, src_size);
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssystem/fssystem_hierarchical_sha256_storage.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    class HierarchicalSha256Storage : public ::ams::fs::IStorage, public ::ams::fs::impl::Newable {
+        NON_COPYABLE(HierarchicalSha256Storage);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(HierarchicalSha256Storage);
+        public:
+            static constexpr s32 LayerCount  = 3;
+            static constexpr size_t HashSize = crypto::Sha256Generator::HashSize;
+        private:
+            os::Mutex mutex;
+            IStorage *base_storage;
+            s64 base_storage_size;
+            char *hash_buffer;
+            size_t hash_buffer_size;
+            s32 hash_target_block_size;
+            s32 log_size_ratio;
+        public:
+            HierarchicalSha256Storage() : mutex(false) { /* ... */ }
+
+            Result Initialize(IStorage **base_storages, s32 layer_count, size_t htbs, void *hash_buf, size_t hash_buf_size);
+
+            virtual Result Read(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size) override;
+            virtual Result Write(s64 offset, const void *buffer, size_t size) override;
+            virtual Result OperateRange(void *dst, size_t dst_size, fs::OperationId op_id, s64 offset, s64 size, const void *src, size_t src_size) override;
+
+            virtual Result GetSize(s64 *out) override {
+                return this->base_storage->GetSize(out);
+            }
+
+            virtual Result Flush() override {
+                return ResultSuccess();
+            }
+
+            virtual Result SetSize(s64 size) override {
+                return fs::ResultUnsupportedOperationInHierarchicalSha256StorageA();
+            }
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssystem/fssystem_indirect_storage.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    Result IndirectStorage::Initialize(IAllocator *allocator, fs::SubStorage table_storage) {
+        /* Read and verify the bucket tree header. */
+        BucketTree::Header header;
+        R_TRY(table_storage.Read(0, std::addressof(header), sizeof(header)));
+        R_TRY(header.Verify());
+
+        /* Determine extents. */
+        const auto node_storage_size    = QueryNodeStorageSize(header.entry_count);
+        const auto entry_storage_size   = QueryEntryStorageSize(header.entry_count);
+        const auto node_storage_offset  = QueryHeaderStorageSize();
+        const auto entry_storage_offset = node_storage_offset + node_storage_size;
+
+        /* Initialize. */
+        return this->Initialize(allocator, fs::SubStorage(std::addressof(table_storage), node_storage_offset, node_storage_size), fs::SubStorage(std::addressof(table_storage), entry_storage_offset, entry_storage_size), header.entry_count);
+    }
+
+    void IndirectStorage::Finalize() {
+        if (this->IsInitialized()) {
+            this->table.Finalize();
+            for (auto i = 0; i < StorageCount; i++) {
+                this->data_storage[i] = fs::SubStorage();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    Result IndirectStorage::GetEntryList(Entry *out_entries, s32 *out_entry_count, s32 entry_count, s64 offset, s64 size) {
+        /* Validate pre-conditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(offset >= 0);
+        AMS_ASSERT(size >= 0);
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+
+        /* Clear the out count. */
+        R_UNLESS(out_entry_count != nullptr, fs::ResultNullptrArgument());
+        *out_entry_count = 0;
+
+        /* Succeed if there's no range. */
+        R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+        /* If we have an output array, we need it to be non-null. */
+        R_UNLESS(out_entries != nullptr || entry_count == 0, fs::ResultNullptrArgument());
+
+        /* Check that our range is valid. */
+        R_UNLESS(this->table.Includes(offset, size), fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+        /* Find the offset in our tree. */
+        BucketTree::Visitor visitor;
+        R_TRY(this->table.Find(std::addressof(visitor), offset));
+        {
+            const auto entry_offset = visitor.Get<Entry>()->GetVirtualOffset();
+            R_UNLESS(0 <= entry_offset && this->table.Includes(entry_offset), fs::ResultInvalidIndirectEntryOffset());
+        }
+
+        /* Prepare to loop over entries. */
+        const auto end_offset = offset + static_cast<s64>(size);
+        s32 count = 0;
+
+        auto cur_entry = *visitor.Get<Entry>();
+        while (cur_entry.GetVirtualOffset() < end_offset) {
+            /* Try to write the entry to the out list */
+            if (entry_count != 0) {
+                if (count >= entry_count) {
+                    break;
+                }
+                std::memcpy(out_entries + count, std::addressof(cur_entry), sizeof(Entry));
+            }
+
+            count++;
+
+            /* Advance. */
+            if (visitor.CanMoveNext()) {
+                R_TRY(visitor.MoveNext());
+                cur_entry = *visitor.Get<Entry>();
+            } else {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* Write the output count. */
+        *out_entry_count = count;
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result IndirectStorage::Read(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size) {
+        /* Validate pre-conditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(offset >= 0);
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+
+        /* Succeed if there's nothing to read. */
+        R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+        /* Ensure that we have a buffer to read to. */
+        R_UNLESS(buffer != nullptr, fs::ResultNullptrArgument());
+
+        R_TRY(this->OperatePerEntry<true>(offset, size, [=](fs::IStorage *storage, s64 data_offset, s64 cur_offset, s64 cur_size) -> Result {
+            R_TRY(storage->Read(data_offset, reinterpret_cast<u8 *>(buffer) + (cur_offset - offset), static_cast<size_t>(cur_size)));
+            return ResultSuccess();
+        }));
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result IndirectStorage::OperateRange(void *dst, size_t dst_size, fs::OperationId op_id, s64 offset, s64 size, const void *src, size_t src_size) {
+        switch (op_id) {
+            case fs::OperationId::InvalidateCache:
+                {
+                    if (size > 0) {
+                        /* Validate arguments. */
+                        R_UNLESS(this->table.Includes(offset, size), fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+                        if (!this->table.IsEmpty()) {
+                            /* Invalidate our table's cache. */
+                            R_TRY(this->table.InvalidateCache());
+
+                            /* Operate on our entries. */
+                            R_TRY(this->OperatePerEntry<false>(offset, size,  [=](fs::IStorage *storage, s64 data_offset, s64 cur_offset, s64 cur_size) -> Result {
+                                R_TRY(storage->OperateRange(dst, dst_size, op_id, data_offset, cur_size, src, src_size));
+                                return ResultSuccess();
+                            }));
+                        }
+                        return ResultSuccess();
+                    }
+                    return ResultSuccess();
+                }
+            case fs::OperationId::QueryRange:
+                {
+                    /* Validate that we have an output range info. */
+                    R_UNLESS(dst != nullptr,                         fs::ResultNullptrArgument());
+                    R_UNLESS(dst_size == sizeof(fs::QueryRangeInfo), fs::ResultInvalidSize());
+
+                    if (size > 0) {
+                        /* Validate arguments. */
+                        R_UNLESS(this->table.Includes(offset, size), fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+                        if (!this->table.IsEmpty()) {
+                            /* Create a new info. */
+                            fs::QueryRangeInfo merged_info;
+                            merged_info.Clear();
+
+                            /* Operate on our entries. */
+                            R_TRY(this->OperatePerEntry<false>(offset, size,  [=, &merged_info](fs::IStorage *storage, s64 data_offset, s64 cur_offset, s64 cur_size) -> Result {
+                                fs::QueryRangeInfo cur_info;
+                                R_TRY(storage->OperateRange(std::addressof(cur_info), sizeof(cur_info), op_id, data_offset, cur_size, src, src_size));
+                                merged_info.Merge(cur_info);
+                                return ResultSuccess();
+                            }));
+
+                            /* Write the merged info. */
+                            *reinterpret_cast<fs::QueryRangeInfo *>(dst) = merged_info;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    return ResultSuccess();
+                }
+            default:
+                return fs::ResultUnsupportedOperationInIndirectStorageC();
+        }
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssystem/fssystem_integrity_romfs_storage.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    Result IntegrityRomFsStorage::Initialize(save::HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationInformation level_hash_info, Hash master_hash, save::HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage::HierarchicalStorageInformation storage_info, IBufferManager *bm) {
+        /* Validate preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(bm != nullptr);
+
+        /* Set master hash. */
+        this->master_hash = master_hash;
+        this->master_hash_storage = std::make_unique<fs::MemoryStorage>(std::addressof(this->master_hash), sizeof(Hash));
+        R_UNLESS(this->master_hash_storage != nullptr, fs::ResultAllocationFailureInIntegrityRomFsStorageA());
+
+        /* Set the master hash storage. */
+        storage_info[0] = fs::SubStorage(this->master_hash_storage.get(), 0, sizeof(Hash));
+
+        /* Set buffers. */
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < util::size(this->buffers.buffers); ++i) {
+            this->buffers.buffers[i] = bm;
+        }
+
+        /* Initialize our integrity storage. */
+        return this->integrity_storage.Initialize(level_hash_info, storage_info, std::addressof(this->buffers), std::addressof(this->mutex), fs::StorageType_RomFs);
+    }
+
+    void IntegrityRomFsStorage::Finalize() {
+        this->integrity_storage.Finalize();
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssystem/fssystem_key_slot_cache.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    class KeySlotCacheAccessor : public ::ams::fs::impl::Newable {
+        NON_COPYABLE(KeySlotCacheAccessor);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(KeySlotCacheAccessor);
+        private:
+            std::unique_lock<os::Mutex> lk;
+            const s32 slot_index;
+        public:
+            KeySlotCacheAccessor(s32 idx, std::unique_lock<os::Mutex> &&l) : lk(std::move(l)), slot_index(idx) { /* ... */ }
+
+            s32 GetKeySlotIndex() const { return this->slot_index; }
+    };
+
+    class KeySlotCacheEntry : public util::IntrusiveListBaseNode<KeySlotCacheEntry> {
+        NON_COPYABLE(KeySlotCacheEntry);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(KeySlotCacheEntry);
+        public:
+            static constexpr size_t KeySize = crypto::AesDecryptor128::KeySize;
+        private:
+            const s32 slot_index;
+            u8 key1[KeySize];
+            s32 key2;
+        public:
+            explicit KeySlotCacheEntry(s32 idx) : slot_index(idx), key2(-1) {
+                std::memset(this->key1, 0, sizeof(this->key1));
+            }
+
+            bool Contains(const void *key, size_t key_size, s32 key2) const {
+                AMS_ASSERT(key_size == KeySize);
+                return key2 == this->key2 && std::memcmp(this->key1, key, KeySize) == 0;
+            }
+
+            s32 GetKeySlotIndex() const { return this->slot_index; }
+
+            void SetKey(const void *key, size_t key_size, s32 key2) {
+                AMS_ASSERT(key_size == KeySize);
+                std::memcpy(this->key1, key, key_size);
+                this->key2 = key2;
+            }
+    };
+
+    class KeySlotCache {
+        NON_COPYABLE(KeySlotCache);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(KeySlotCache);
+        private:
+            using KeySlotCacheEntryList = util::IntrusiveListBaseTraits<KeySlotCacheEntry>::ListType;
+        private:
+            os::Mutex mutex;
+            KeySlotCacheEntryList high_priority_mru_list;
+            KeySlotCacheEntryList low_priority_mru_list;
+        public:
+            constexpr KeySlotCache() : mutex(false), high_priority_mru_list(), low_priority_mru_list() { /* ... */ }
+
+            Result AllocateHighPriority(std::unique_ptr<KeySlotCacheAccessor> *out, const void *key, size_t key_size, s32 key2) {
+                return this->AllocateFromLru(out, this->high_priority_mru_list, key, key_size, key2);
+            }
+
+            Result AllocateLowPriority(std::unique_ptr<KeySlotCacheAccessor> *out, const void *key, size_t key_size, s32 key2) {
+                return this->AllocateFromLru(out, this->high_priority_mru_list, key, key_size, key2);
+            }
+
+            Result Find(std::unique_ptr<KeySlotCacheAccessor> *out, const void *key, size_t key_size, s32 key2) {
+                std::unique_lock lk(this->mutex);
+
+                KeySlotCacheEntryList *lists[2] = { std::addressof(this->high_priority_mru_list), std::addressof(this->low_priority_mru_list) };
+                for (auto list : lists) {
+                    for (auto it = list->begin(); it != list->end(); ++it) {
+                        if (it->Contains(key, key_size, key2)) {
+                            std::unique_ptr accessor = std::make_unique<KeySlotCacheAccessor>(it->GetKeySlotIndex(), std::move(lk));
+                            R_UNLESS(accessor != nullptr, fs::ResultAllocationFailure());
+
+                            *out = std::move(accessor);
+
+                            this->UpdateMru(list, it);
+                            return ResultSuccess();
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                return fs::ResultTargetNotFound();
+            }
+
+            void AddEntry(KeySlotCacheEntry *entry) {
+                std::unique_lock lk(this->mutex);
+                this->low_priority_mru_list.push_front(*entry);
+            }
+        private:
+            Result AllocateFromLru(std::unique_ptr<KeySlotCacheAccessor> *out, KeySlotCacheEntryList &dst_list, const void *key, size_t key_size, s32 key2) {
+                std::unique_lock lk(this->mutex);
+
+                KeySlotCacheEntryList &src_list = this->low_priority_mru_list.empty() ? this->high_priority_mru_list : this->low_priority_mru_list;
+                AMS_ASSERT(!src_list.empty());
+
+                auto it = src_list.rbegin();
+                std::unique_ptr accessor = std::make_unique<KeySlotCacheAccessor>(it->GetKeySlotIndex(), std::move(lk));
+                *out = std::move(accessor);
+
+                it->SetKey(key, key_size, key2);
+
+                auto *entry = std::addressof(*it);
+                src_list.pop_back();
+                dst_list.push_front(*entry);
+
+                return ResultSuccess();
+            }
+
+            void UpdateMru(KeySlotCacheEntryList *list, KeySlotCacheEntryList::iterator it) {
+                auto *entry = std::addressof(*it);
+                list->erase(it);
+                list->push_front(*entry);
+            }
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssystem/fssystem_lru_list_cache.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    template<typename Key, typename Value>
+    class LruListCache {
+        NON_COPYABLE(LruListCache);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(LruListCache);
+        public:
+            class Node : public ::ams::fs::impl::Newable {
+                NON_COPYABLE(Node);
+                NON_MOVEABLE(Node);
+                public:
+                    Key key;
+                    Value value;
+                    util::IntrusiveListNode mru_list_node;
+                public:
+                    explicit Node(const Value &value) : value(value) { /* ... */ }
+            };
+        private:
+            using MruList = typename util::IntrusiveListMemberTraits<&Node::mru_list_node>::ListType;
+        private:
+            MruList mru_list;
+        public:
+            constexpr LruListCache() : mru_list() { /* ... */ }
+
+            bool FindValueAndUpdateMru(Value *out, const Key &key) {
+                for (auto it = this->mru_list.begin(); it != this->mru_list.end(); ++it) {
+                    if (it->key == key) {
+                        *out = it->value;
+
+                        this->mru_list.erase(it);
+                        this->mru_list.push_front(*it);
+
+                        return true;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            std::unique_ptr<Node> PopLruNode() {
+                AMS_ABORT_UNLESS(!this->mru_list.empty());
+                Node *lru = std::addressof(*this->mru_list.rbegin());
+                this->mru_list.pop_back();
+
+                return std::unique_ptr<Node>(lru);
+            }
+
+            void PushMruNode(std::unique_ptr<Node> &&node, const Key &key) {
+                node->key = key;
+                this->mru_list.push_front(*node);
+                node.release();
+            }
+
+            void DeleteAllNodes() {
+                while (!this->mru_list.empty()) {
+                    Node *lru = std::addressof(*this->mru_list.rbegin());
+                    this->mru_list.erase(this->mru_list.iterator_to(*lru));
+                    delete lru;
+                }
+            }
+
+            size_t GetSize() const {
+                return this->mru_list.size();
+            }
+
+            bool IsEmpty() const {
+                return this->mru_list.empty();
+            }
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssystem/fssystem_nca_header.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    u8 NcaHeader::GetProperKeyGeneration() const {
+        return std::max(this->key_generation, this->key_generation_2);
+    }
+    bool NcaPatchInfo::HasIndirectTable() const {
+        return this->indirect_size != 0;
+    }
+
+    bool NcaPatchInfo::HasAesCtrExTable() const {
+        return this->aes_ctr_ex_size != 0;
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssystem/fssystem_nca_reader.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,434 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    namespace {
+
+        constexpr inline u32 SdkAddonVersionMin = 0x000B0000;
+
+        constexpr Result CheckNcaMagic(u32 magic) {
+            /* Verify the magic is not a deprecated one. */
+            R_UNLESS(magic != NcaHeader::Magic0, fs::ResultUnsupportedSdkVersion());
+            R_UNLESS(magic != NcaHeader::Magic1, fs::ResultUnsupportedSdkVersion());
+            R_UNLESS(magic != NcaHeader::Magic2, fs::ResultUnsupportedSdkVersion());
+
+            /* Verify the magic is the current one. */
+            R_UNLESS(magic == NcaHeader::Magic3, fs::ResultInvalidNcaSignature());
+
+            return ResultSuccess();
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    NcaReader::NcaReader() : shared_base_storage(), header_storage(), body_storage(), decrypt_aes_ctr(), decrypt_aes_ctr_external(), is_software_aes_prioritized(false), header_encryption_type(NcaHeader::EncryptionType::Auto) {
+        std::memset(std::addressof(this->header), 0, sizeof(this->header));
+        std::memset(std::addressof(this->decryption_keys), 0, sizeof(this->decryption_keys));
+        std::memset(std::addressof(this->external_decryption_key), 0, sizeof(this->external_decryption_key));
+    }
+
+    NcaReader::~NcaReader() {
+        /* ... */
+    }
+
+    Result NcaReader::Initialize(std::shared_ptr<fs::IStorage> base_storage, const NcaCryptoConfiguration &crypto_cfg) {
+        this->shared_base_storage = base_storage;
+        return this->Initialize(this->shared_base_storage.get(), crypto_cfg);
+    }
+
+    Result NcaReader::Initialize(fs::IStorage *base_storage, const NcaCryptoConfiguration &crypto_cfg) {
+        /* Validate preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(base_storage != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->body_storage == nullptr);
+        R_UNLESS(crypto_cfg.generate_key != nullptr, fs::ResultInvalidArgument());
+
+        /* Generate keys for header. */
+        u8 header_decryption_keys[NcaCryptoConfiguration::HeaderEncryptionKeyCount][NcaCryptoConfiguration::Aes128KeySize];
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < NcaCryptoConfiguration::HeaderEncryptionKeyCount; i++) {
+            crypto_cfg.generate_key(header_decryption_keys[i], AesXtsStorage::KeySize, crypto_cfg.header_encrypted_encryption_keys[i], AesXtsStorage::KeySize, static_cast<s32>(KeyType::NcaHeaderKey), crypto_cfg);
+        }
+
+        /* Create the header storage. */
+        const u8 header_iv[AesXtsStorage::IvSize] = {};
+        std::unique_ptr<fs::IStorage> work_header_storage = std::make_unique<AesXtsStorage>(base_storage, header_decryption_keys[0], header_decryption_keys[1], AesXtsStorage::KeySize, header_iv, AesXtsStorage::IvSize, NcaHeader::XtsBlockSize);
+        R_UNLESS(work_header_storage != nullptr, fs::ResultAllocationFailureInNcaReaderA());
+
+        /* Read the header. */
+        R_TRY(work_header_storage->Read(0, std::addressof(this->header), sizeof(this->header)));
+
+        /* Validate the magic. */
+        if (Result magic_result = CheckNcaMagic(this->header.magic); R_FAILED(magic_result)) {
+            /* If we're not allowed to use plaintext headers, stop here. */
+            R_UNLESS(crypto_cfg.is_plaintext_header_available, magic_result);
+
+            /* Try to use a plaintext header. */
+            R_TRY(base_storage->Read(0, std::addressof(this->header), sizeof(this->header)));
+            R_UNLESS(R_SUCCEEDED(CheckNcaMagic(this->header.magic)), magic_result);
+
+            /* Configure to use the plaintext header. */
+            s64 base_storage_size;
+            R_TRY(base_storage->GetSize(std::addressof(base_storage_size)));
+            work_header_storage.reset(new fs::SubStorage(base_storage, 0, base_storage_size));
+            R_UNLESS(work_header_storage != nullptr, fs::ResultAllocationFailureInNcaReaderA());
+
+            this->header_encryption_type = NcaHeader::EncryptionType::None;
+        }
+
+        /* Validate the fixed key signature. */
+        R_UNLESS(this->header.header1_signature_key_generation <= NcaCryptoConfiguration::Header1SignatureKeyGenerationMax, fs::ResultInvalidNcaHeader1SignatureKeyGeneration());
+        const u8 *header_1_sign_key_modulus = crypto_cfg.header_1_sign_key_moduli[this->header.header1_signature_key_generation];
+        AMS_ABORT_UNLESS(header_1_sign_key_modulus != nullptr);
+        {
+            const u8 *sig         = this->header.header_sign_1;
+            const size_t sig_size = NcaHeader::HeaderSignSize;
+            const u8 *mod         = header_1_sign_key_modulus;
+            const size_t mod_size = NcaCryptoConfiguration::Rsa2048KeyModulusSize;
+            const u8 *exp         = crypto_cfg.header_1_sign_key_public_exponent;
+            const size_t exp_size = NcaCryptoConfiguration::Rsa2048KeyPublicExponentSize;
+            const u8 *msg         = static_cast<const u8 *>(static_cast<const void *>(std::addressof(this->header.magic)));
+            const size_t msg_size = NcaHeader::Size - NcaHeader::HeaderSignSize * NcaHeader::HeaderSignCount;
+            const bool is_signature_valid = crypto::VerifyRsa2048PssSha256(sig, sig_size, mod, mod_size, exp, exp_size, msg, msg_size);
+            R_UNLESS(is_signature_valid, fs::ResultNcaHeaderSignature1VerificationFailed());
+        }
+
+        /* Validate the sdk version. */
+        R_UNLESS(this->header.sdk_addon_version >= SdkAddonVersionMin, fs::ResultUnsupportedSdkVersion());
+
+        /* Validate the key index. */
+        R_UNLESS(this->header.key_index < NcaCryptoConfiguration::KeyAreaEncryptionKeyIndexCount, fs::ResultInvalidNcaKeyIndex());
+
+        /* Check if we have a rights id. */
+        constexpr const u8 ZeroRightsId[NcaHeader::RightsIdSize] = {};
+        if (crypto::IsSameBytes(ZeroRightsId, this->header.rights_id, NcaHeader::RightsIdSize)) {
+            /* If we do, then we don't have an external key, so we need to generate decryption keys. */
+            crypto_cfg.generate_key(this->decryption_keys[NcaHeader::DecryptionKey_AesCtr], crypto::AesDecryptor128::KeySize, this->header.encrypted_key_area + NcaHeader::DecryptionKey_AesCtr * crypto::AesDecryptor128::KeySize, crypto::AesDecryptor128::KeySize, GetKeyTypeValue(this->header.key_index, this->header.GetProperKeyGeneration()), crypto_cfg);
+
+            /* Copy the hardware speed emulation key. */
+            std::memcpy(this->decryption_keys[NcaHeader::DecryptionKey_AesCtrHw], this->header.encrypted_key_area + NcaHeader::DecryptionKey_AesCtrHw * crypto::AesDecryptor128::KeySize, crypto::AesDecryptor128::KeySize);
+        }
+
+        /* Clear the external decryption key. */
+        std::memset(this->external_decryption_key, 0, sizeof(this->external_decryption_key));
+
+        /* Set our decryptor functions. */
+        this->decrypt_aes_ctr          = crypto_cfg.decrypt_aes_ctr;
+        this->decrypt_aes_ctr_external = crypto_cfg.decrypt_aes_ctr_external;
+
+        /* Set our storages. */
+        this->header_storage = std::move(work_header_storage);
+        this->body_storage   = base_storage;
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    fs::IStorage *NcaReader::GetBodyStorage() {
+        return this->body_storage;
+    }
+
+    u32 NcaReader::GetMagic() const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->body_storage != nullptr);
+        return this->header.magic;
+    }
+
+    NcaHeader::DistributionType NcaReader::GetDistributionType() const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->body_storage != nullptr);
+        return this->header.distribution_type;
+    }
+
+    NcaHeader::ContentType NcaReader::GetContentType() const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->body_storage != nullptr);
+        return this->header.content_type;
+    }
+
+    u8 NcaReader::GetKeyGeneration() const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->body_storage != nullptr);
+        return this->header.GetProperKeyGeneration();
+    }
+
+    u8 NcaReader::GetKeyIndex() const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->body_storage != nullptr);
+        return this->header.key_index;
+    }
+
+    u64 NcaReader::GetContentSize() const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->body_storage != nullptr);
+        return this->header.content_size;
+    }
+
+    u64 NcaReader::GetProgramId() const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->body_storage != nullptr);
+        return this->header.program_id;
+    }
+
+    u32 NcaReader::GetContentIndex() const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->body_storage != nullptr);
+        return this->header.content_index;
+    }
+
+    u32 NcaReader::GetSdkAddonVersion() const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->body_storage != nullptr);
+        return this->header.sdk_addon_version;
+    }
+
+    void NcaReader::GetRightsId(u8 *dst, size_t dst_size) const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(dst != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(dst_size >= NcaHeader::RightsIdSize);
+        std::memcpy(dst, this->header.rights_id, NcaHeader::RightsIdSize);
+    }
+
+    bool NcaReader::HasFsInfo(s32 index) const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(0 <= index && index < NcaHeader::FsCountMax);
+        return this->header.fs_info[index].start_sector != 0 || this->header.fs_info[index].end_sector != 0;
+    }
+
+    s32 NcaReader::GetFsCount() const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->body_storage != nullptr);
+        for (s32 i = 0; i < NcaHeader::FsCountMax; i++) {
+            if (!this->HasFsInfo(i)) {
+                return i;
+            }
+        }
+        return NcaHeader::FsCountMax;
+    }
+
+    const Hash &NcaReader::GetFsHeaderHash(s32 index) const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->body_storage != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(0 <= index && index < NcaHeader::FsCountMax);
+        return this->header.fs_header_hash[index];
+    }
+
+    void NcaReader::GetFsHeaderHash(Hash *dst, s32 index) const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->body_storage != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(0 <= index && index < NcaHeader::FsCountMax);
+        AMS_ASSERT(dst != nullptr);
+        std::memcpy(dst, std::addressof(this->header.fs_header_hash[index]), sizeof(*dst));
+    }
+
+    void NcaReader::GetFsInfo(NcaHeader::FsInfo *dst, s32 index) const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->body_storage != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(0 <= index && index < NcaHeader::FsCountMax);
+        AMS_ASSERT(dst != nullptr);
+        std::memcpy(dst, std::addressof(this->header.fs_info[index]), sizeof(*dst));
+    }
+
+    u64 NcaReader::GetFsOffset(s32 index) const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->body_storage != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(0 <= index && index < NcaHeader::FsCountMax);
+        return NcaHeader::SectorToByte(this->header.fs_info[index].start_sector);
+    }
+
+    u64 NcaReader::GetFsEndOffset(s32 index) const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->body_storage != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(0 <= index && index < NcaHeader::FsCountMax);
+        return NcaHeader::SectorToByte(this->header.fs_info[index].end_sector);
+    }
+
+    u64 NcaReader::GetFsSize(s32 index) const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->body_storage != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(0 <= index && index < NcaHeader::FsCountMax);
+        return NcaHeader::SectorToByte(this->header.fs_info[index].end_sector - this->header.fs_info[index].start_sector);
+    }
+
+    void NcaReader::GetEncryptedKey(void *dst, size_t size) const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->body_storage != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(dst != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(size >= NcaHeader::EncryptedKeyAreaSize);
+        std::memcpy(dst, this->header.encrypted_key_area, NcaHeader::EncryptedKeyAreaSize);
+    }
+
+    const void *NcaReader::GetDecryptionKey(s32 index) const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->body_storage != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(0 <= index && index < NcaHeader::DecryptionKey_Count);
+        return this->decryption_keys[index];
+    }
+
+    bool NcaReader::HasValidInternalKey() const {
+        constexpr const u8 ZeroKey[crypto::AesDecryptor128::KeySize] = {};
+        for (s32 i = 0; i < NcaHeader::DecryptionKey_Count; i++) {
+            if (!crypto::IsSameBytes(ZeroKey, this->header.encrypted_key_area + i * crypto::AesDecryptor128::KeySize, crypto::AesDecryptor128::KeySize)) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    bool NcaReader::HasInternalDecryptionKeyForAesHardwareSpeedEmulation() const {
+        constexpr const u8 ZeroKey[crypto::AesDecryptor128::KeySize] = {};
+        return !crypto::IsSameBytes(ZeroKey, this->GetDecryptionKey(NcaHeader::DecryptionKey_AesCtrHw), crypto::AesDecryptor128::KeySize);
+    }
+
+    bool NcaReader::IsSoftwareAesPrioritized() const {
+        return this->is_software_aes_prioritized;
+    }
+
+    void NcaReader::PrioritizeSoftwareAes() {
+        this->is_software_aes_prioritized = true;
+    }
+
+    bool NcaReader::HasExternalDecryptionKey() const {
+        constexpr const u8 ZeroKey[crypto::AesDecryptor128::KeySize] = {};
+        return !crypto::IsSameBytes(ZeroKey, this->GetExternalDecryptionKey(), crypto::AesDecryptor128::KeySize);
+    }
+
+    const void *NcaReader::GetExternalDecryptionKey() const {
+        return this->external_decryption_key;
+    }
+
+    void NcaReader::SetExternalDecryptionKey(const void *src, size_t size) {
+        AMS_ASSERT(src != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(size == sizeof(this->external_decryption_key));
+        std::memcpy(this->external_decryption_key, src, sizeof(this->external_decryption_key));
+    }
+
+    void NcaReader::GetRawData(void *dst, size_t dst_size) const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->body_storage != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(dst != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(dst_size >= sizeof(NcaHeader));
+
+        std::memcpy(dst, std::addressof(this->header), sizeof(NcaHeader));
+    }
+
+    DecryptAesCtrFunction NcaReader::GetExternalDecryptAesCtrFunction() const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->decrypt_aes_ctr != nullptr);
+        return this->decrypt_aes_ctr;
+    }
+
+    DecryptAesCtrFunction NcaReader::GetExternalDecryptAesCtrFunctionForExternalKey() const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->decrypt_aes_ctr_external != nullptr);
+        return this->decrypt_aes_ctr_external;
+    }
+
+    NcaHeader::EncryptionType NcaReader::GetEncryptionType() const {
+        return this->header_encryption_type;
+    }
+
+    Result NcaReader::ReadHeader(NcaFsHeader *dst, s32 index) const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(dst != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(0 <= index && index < NcaHeader::FsCountMax);
+
+        const s64 offset = sizeof(NcaHeader) + sizeof(NcaFsHeader) * index;
+        return this->header_storage->Read(offset, dst, sizeof(NcaFsHeader));
+    }
+
+    Result NcaReader::VerifyHeaderSign2(const void *mod, size_t mod_size) {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->body_storage != nullptr);
+        constexpr const u8 HeaderSign2KeyPublicExponent[] = { 0x01, 0x00, 0x01 };
+
+        const u8 *sig         = this->header.header_sign_2;
+        const size_t sig_size = NcaHeader::HeaderSignSize;
+        const u8 *exp         = HeaderSign2KeyPublicExponent;
+        const size_t exp_size = sizeof(HeaderSign2KeyPublicExponent);
+        const u8 *msg         = static_cast<const u8 *>(static_cast<const void *>(std::addressof(this->header.magic)));
+        const size_t msg_size = NcaHeader::Size - NcaHeader::HeaderSignSize * NcaHeader::HeaderSignCount;
+        const bool is_signature_valid = crypto::VerifyRsa2048PssSha256(sig, sig_size, mod, mod_size, exp, exp_size, msg, msg_size);
+        R_UNLESS(is_signature_valid, fs::ResultNcaHeaderSignature2VerificationFailed());
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result NcaFsHeaderReader::Initialize(const NcaReader &reader, s32 index) {
+        /* Reset ourselves to uninitialized. */
+        this->fs_index = -1;
+
+        /* Read the header. */
+        R_TRY(reader.ReadHeader(std::addressof(this->data), index));
+
+        /* Generate the hash. */
+        Hash hash;
+        crypto::GenerateSha256Hash(std::addressof(hash), sizeof(hash), std::addressof(this->data), sizeof(NcaFsHeader));
+
+        /* Validate the hash. */
+        R_UNLESS(crypto::IsSameBytes(std::addressof(reader.GetFsHeaderHash(index)), std::addressof(hash), sizeof(Hash)), fs::ResultNcaFsHeaderHashVerificationFailed());
+
+        /* Set our index. */
+        this->fs_index = index;
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    void NcaFsHeaderReader::GetRawData(void *dst, size_t dst_size) const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+        AMS_ASSERT(dst != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(dst_size >= sizeof(NcaFsHeader));
+        std::memcpy(dst, std::addressof(this->data), sizeof(NcaFsHeader));
+    }
+
+    NcaFsHeader::HashData &NcaFsHeaderReader::GetHashData() {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+        return this->data.hash_data;
+    }
+
+    const NcaFsHeader::HashData &NcaFsHeaderReader::GetHashData() const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+        return this->data.hash_data;
+    }
+
+    u16 NcaFsHeaderReader::GetVersion() const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+        return this->data.version;
+    }
+
+    s32 NcaFsHeaderReader::GetFsIndex() const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+        return this->fs_index;
+    }
+
+    NcaFsHeader::FsType NcaFsHeaderReader::GetFsType() const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+        return this->data.fs_type;
+    }
+
+    NcaFsHeader::HashType NcaFsHeaderReader::GetHashType() const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+        return this->data.hash_type;
+    }
+
+    NcaFsHeader::EncryptionType NcaFsHeaderReader::GetEncryptionType() const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+        return this->data.encryption_type;
+    }
+
+    NcaPatchInfo &NcaFsHeaderReader::GetPatchInfo() {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+        return this->data.patch_info;
+    }
+
+    const NcaPatchInfo &NcaFsHeaderReader::GetPatchInfo() const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+        return this->data.patch_info;
+    }
+
+    const NcaAesCtrUpperIv NcaFsHeaderReader::GetAesCtrUpperIv() const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+        return this->data.aes_ctr_upper_iv;
+    }
+
+    bool NcaFsHeaderReader::ExistsSparseLayer() const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+        return this->data.sparse_info.generation != 0;
+    }
+
+    NcaSparseInfo &NcaFsHeaderReader::GetSparseInfo() {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+        return this->data.sparse_info;
+    }
+
+    const NcaSparseInfo &NcaFsHeaderReader::GetSparseInfo() const {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+        return this->data.sparse_info;
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssystem/fssystem_read_only_block_cache_storage.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#pragma once
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+#include "fssystem_lru_list_cache.hpp"
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    class ReadOnlyBlockCacheStorage : public ::ams::fs::IStorage, public ::ams::fs::impl::Newable {
+        NON_COPYABLE(ReadOnlyBlockCacheStorage);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(ReadOnlyBlockCacheStorage);
+        private:
+            using BlockCache = LruListCache<s64, char *>;
+        private:
+            os::Mutex mutex;
+            BlockCache block_cache;
+            fs::IStorage * const base_storage;
+            s32 block_size;
+        public:
+            ReadOnlyBlockCacheStorage(IStorage *bs, s32 bsz, char *buf, size_t buf_size, s32 cache_block_count) : mutex(false), base_storage(bs), block_size(bsz) {
+                /* Validate preconditions. */
+                AMS_ASSERT(buf_size >= static_cast<size_t>(this->block_size));
+                AMS_ASSERT(util::IsPowerOfTwo(this->block_size));
+                AMS_ASSERT(cache_block_count > 0);
+                AMS_ASSERT(buf_size >= static_cast<size_t>(this->block_size * cache_block_count));
+
+                /* Create a node for each cache block. */
+                for (auto i = 0; i < cache_block_count; i++) {
+                    std::unique_ptr node = std::make_unique<BlockCache::Node>(buf + this->block_size * i);
+                    AMS_ASSERT(node != nullptr);
+
+                    if (node != nullptr) {
+                        this->block_cache.PushMruNode(std::move(node), -1);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            ~ReadOnlyBlockCacheStorage() {
+                this->block_cache.DeleteAllNodes();
+            }
+
+            virtual Result Read(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size) override {
+                /* Validate preconditions. */
+                AMS_ASSERT(util::IsAligned(offset, this->block_size));
+                AMS_ASSERT(util::IsAligned(size,   this->block_size));
+
+                if (size == static_cast<size_t>(this->block_size)) {
+                    char *cached_buffer = nullptr;
+
+                    /* Try to find a cached copy of the data. */
+                    {
+                        std::scoped_lock lk(this->mutex);
+                        bool found = this->block_cache.FindValueAndUpdateMru(std::addressof(cached_buffer), offset / this->block_size);
+                        if (found) {
+                            std::memcpy(buffer, cached_buffer, size);
+                            return ResultSuccess();
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    /* We failed to get a cache hit, so read in the data. */
+                    R_TRY(this->base_storage->Read(offset, buffer, size));
+
+                    /* Add the block to the cache. */
+                    {
+                        std::scoped_lock lk(this->mutex);
+                        auto lru = this->block_cache.PopLruNode();
+                        std::memcpy(lru->value, buffer, this->block_size);
+                        this->block_cache.PushMruNode(std::move(lru), offset / this->block_size);
+                    }
+
+                    return ResultSuccess();
+                } else {
+                    return this->base_storage->Read(offset, buffer, size);
+                }
+            }
+            virtual Result OperateRange(void *dst, size_t dst_size, fs::OperationId op_id, s64 offset, s64 size, const void *src, size_t src_size) override {
+                /* Validate preconditions. */
+                AMS_ASSERT(util::IsAligned(offset, this->block_size));
+                AMS_ASSERT(util::IsAligned(size,   this->block_size));
+
+                /* If invalidating cache, invalidate our blocks. */
+                if (op_id == fs::OperationId::InvalidateCache) {
+                    R_UNLESS(offset >= 0, fs::ResultInvalidOffset());
+
+                    std::scoped_lock lk(this->mutex);
+
+                    const size_t cache_block_count = this->block_cache.GetSize();
+                    BlockCache valid_cache;
+
+                    for (size_t count = 0; count < cache_block_count; ++count) {
+                        auto lru = this->block_cache.PopLruNode();
+                        if (offset <= lru->key && lru->key < offset + size) {
+                            this->block_cache.PushMruNode(std::move(lru), -1);
+                        } else {
+                            valid_cache.PushMruNode(std::move(lru), lru->key);
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    while (!valid_cache.IsEmpty()) {
+                        auto lru = valid_cache.PopLruNode();
+                        this->block_cache.PushMruNode(std::move(lru), lru->key);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                /* Operate on the base storage. */
+                return this->base_storage->OperateRange(dst, dst_size, op_id, offset, size, src, src_size);
+            }
+
+            virtual Result GetSize(s64 *out) override {
+                return this->base_storage->GetSize(out);
+            }
+
+            virtual Result Flush() override {
+                return ResultSuccess();
+            }
+
+            virtual Result Write(s64 offset, const void *buffer, size_t size) override {
+                return fs::ResultUnsupportedOperationInReadOnlyBlockCacheStorageA();
+            }
+
+            virtual Result SetSize(s64 size) override {
+                return fs::ResultUnsupportedOperationInReadOnlyBlockCacheStorageB();
+            }
+    };
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssystem/fssystem_sparse_storage.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    Result SparseStorage::Read(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size) {
+        /* Validate preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(offset >= 0);
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->IsInitialized());
+
+        /* Allow zero size. */
+        R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+        /* Validate arguments. */
+        R_UNLESS(buffer != nullptr, fs::ResultNullptrArgument());
+
+        if (this->GetEntryTable().IsEmpty()) {
+            R_UNLESS(this->GetEntryTable().Includes(offset, size), fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+            std::memset(buffer, 0, size);
+        } else {
+            R_TRY(this->OperatePerEntry<false>(offset, size, [=](fs::IStorage *storage, s64 data_offset, s64 cur_offset, s64 cur_size) -> Result {
+                R_TRY(storage->Read(data_offset, reinterpret_cast<u8 *>(buffer) + (cur_offset - offset), static_cast<size_t>(cur_size)));
+                return ResultSuccess();
+            }));
+        }
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssystem/fssystem_speed_emulation_configuration.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem {
+
+    namespace {
+
+        std::atomic<::ams::fs::SpeedEmulationMode> g_speed_emulation_mode = ::ams::fs::SpeedEmulationMode::None;
+
+    }
+
+    void SpeedEmulationConfiguration::SetSpeedEmulationMode(::ams::fs::SpeedEmulationMode mode) {
+        g_speed_emulation_mode = mode;
+    }
+
+    ::ams::fs::SpeedEmulationMode SpeedEmulationConfiguration::GetSpeedEmulationMode() {
+        return g_speed_emulation_mode;
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssystem/save/fssystem_hierarchical_integrity_verification_storage.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,352 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem::save {
+
+    namespace {
+
+        constexpr inline u32 IntegrityVerificationStorageMagic       = util::FourCC<'I','V','F','C'>::Code;
+        constexpr inline u32 IntegrityVerificationStorageVersion     = 0x00020000;
+        constexpr inline u32 IntegrityVerificationStorageVersionMask = 0xFFFF0000;
+
+        constexpr inline auto MaxSaveDataFsDataCacheEntryCount = 32;
+        constexpr inline auto MaxSaveDataFsHashCacheEntryCount = 4;
+        constexpr inline auto MaxRomFsDataCacheEntryCount      = 24;
+        constexpr inline auto MaxRomFsHashCacheEntryCount      = 8;
+
+        constexpr inline auto AccessCountMax = 5;
+        constexpr inline auto AccessTimeout  = TimeSpan::FromMilliSeconds(10);
+
+        os::Semaphore g_read_semaphore(AccessCountMax, AccessCountMax);
+        os::Semaphore g_write_semaphore(AccessCountMax, AccessCountMax);
+
+        constexpr inline const char MasterKey[] = "HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage::Master";
+        constexpr inline const char L1Key[]     = "HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage::L1";
+        constexpr inline const char L2Key[]     = "HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage::L2";
+        constexpr inline const char L3Key[]     = "HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage::L3";
+        constexpr inline const char L4Key[]     = "HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage::L4";
+        constexpr inline const char L5Key[]     = "HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage::L5";
+
+        constexpr inline const struct {
+            const char *key;
+            size_t size;
+        } KeyArray[] = {
+            { MasterKey, sizeof(MasterKey) },
+            { L1Key,     sizeof(L1Key)     },
+            { L2Key,     sizeof(L2Key)     },
+            { L3Key,     sizeof(L3Key)     },
+            { L4Key,     sizeof(L4Key)     },
+            { L5Key,     sizeof(L5Key)     },
+        };
+
+    }
+
+    /* Instantiate the global random generation function. */
+    HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage::GenerateRandomFunction HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage::s_generate_random = nullptr;
+
+    Result HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorageControlArea::QuerySize(HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationSizeSet *out, const InputParam &input_param, s32 layer_count, s64 data_size) {
+        /* Validate preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(out != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT((static_cast<s32>(IntegrityMinLayerCount) <= layer_count) && (layer_count <= static_cast<s32>(IntegrityMaxLayerCount)));
+        for (s32 level = 0; level < (layer_count - 1); ++level) {
+            AMS_ASSERT(input_param.level_block_size[level] > 0);
+            AMS_ASSERT(IsPowerOfTwo(static_cast<s32>(input_param.level_block_size[level])));
+        }
+
+        /* Set the control size. */
+        out->control_size = sizeof(HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationMetaInformation);
+
+        /* Determine the level sizes. */
+        s64 level_size[IntegrityMaxLayerCount];
+        s32 level = layer_count - 1;
+
+        level_size[level] = util::AlignUp(data_size, input_param.level_block_size[level - 1]);
+        --level;
+
+        for (/* ... */; level > 0; --level) {
+            level_size[level] = util::AlignUp(level_size[level + 1] / input_param.level_block_size[level] * HashSize, input_param.level_block_size[level - 1]);
+        }
+
+        /* Determine the master size. */
+        level_size[0] = level_size[1] / input_param.level_block_size[0] * HashSize;
+
+        /* Set the master size. */
+        out->master_hash_size = level_size[0];
+
+        /* Set the level sizes. */
+        for (level = 1; level < layer_count - 1; ++level) {
+            out->layered_hash_sizes[level - 1] = level_size[level];
+        }
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorageControlArea::Expand(fs::SubStorage meta_storage, const HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationMetaInformation &meta) {
+        /* Check the meta size. */
+        {
+            s64 meta_size = 0;
+            R_TRY(meta_storage.GetSize(std::addressof(meta_size)));
+            R_UNLESS(meta_size >= static_cast<s64>(sizeof(meta)), fs::ResultInvalidSize());
+        }
+
+        /* Validate both the previous and new metas. */
+        {
+            /* Read the previous meta. */
+            HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationMetaInformation prev_meta = {};
+            R_TRY(meta_storage.Read(0, std::addressof(prev_meta), sizeof(prev_meta)));
+
+            /* Validate both magics. */
+            R_UNLESS(prev_meta.magic == IntegrityVerificationStorageMagic, fs::ResultIncorrectIntegrityVerificationMagic());
+            R_UNLESS(prev_meta.magic == meta.magic,                        fs::ResultIncorrectIntegrityVerificationMagic());
+
+            /* Validate both versions. */
+            R_UNLESS(prev_meta.version == IntegrityVerificationStorageVersion, fs::ResultUnsupportedVersion());
+            R_UNLESS(prev_meta.version == meta.version,                        fs::ResultUnsupportedVersion());
+        }
+
+        /* Write the new meta. */
+        R_TRY(meta_storage.Write(0, std::addressof(meta), sizeof(meta)));
+        R_TRY(meta_storage.Flush());
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorageControlArea::Initialize(fs::SubStorage meta_storage) {
+        /* Check the meta size. */
+        {
+            s64 meta_size = 0;
+            R_TRY(meta_storage.GetSize(std::addressof(meta_size)));
+            R_UNLESS(meta_size >= static_cast<s64>(sizeof(this->meta)), fs::ResultInvalidSize());
+        }
+
+        /* Set the storage and read the meta. */
+        this->storage = meta_storage;
+        R_TRY(this->storage.Read(0, std::addressof(this->meta), sizeof(this->meta)));
+
+        /* Validate the meta magic. */
+        R_UNLESS(this->meta.magic == IntegrityVerificationStorageMagic, fs::ResultIncorrectIntegrityVerificationMagic());
+
+        /* Validate the meta version. */
+        R_UNLESS((this->meta.version & IntegrityVerificationStorageVersionMask) == (IntegrityVerificationStorageVersion & IntegrityVerificationStorageVersionMask), fs::ResultUnsupportedVersion());
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    void HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorageControlArea::Finalize() {
+        this->storage = fs::SubStorage();
+    }
+
+    Result HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage::Initialize(const HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationInformation &info, HierarchicalStorageInformation storage, FileSystemBufferManagerSet *bufs, os::Mutex *mtx, fs::StorageType storage_type) {
+        /* Validate preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(bufs != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(IntegrityMinLayerCount <= info.max_layers && info.max_layers <= IntegrityMaxLayerCount);
+
+        /* Set member variables. */
+        this->max_layers = info.max_layers;
+        this->buffers    = bufs;
+        this->mutex      = mtx;
+
+        /* Determine our cache counts. */
+        const auto max_data_cache_entry_count = (storage_type == fs::StorageType_SaveData) ? MaxSaveDataFsDataCacheEntryCount : MaxRomFsDataCacheEntryCount;
+        const auto max_hash_cache_entry_count = (storage_type == fs::StorageType_SaveData) ? MaxSaveDataFsHashCacheEntryCount : MaxRomFsHashCacheEntryCount;
+
+        /* Initialize the top level verification storage. */
+        {
+            fs::HashSalt mac;
+            crypto::GenerateHmacSha256Mac(mac.value, sizeof(mac), info.seed.value, sizeof(info.seed), KeyArray[0].key, KeyArray[0].size);
+            this->verify_storages[0].Initialize(storage[HierarchicalStorageInformation::MasterStorage], storage[HierarchicalStorageInformation::Layer1Storage], static_cast<s64>(1) << info.info[0].block_order, HashSize, this->buffers->buffers[this->max_layers - 2], mac, false, storage_type);
+        }
+
+        /* Ensure we don't leak state if further initialization goes wrong. */
+        auto top_verif_guard = SCOPE_GUARD {
+            this->verify_storages[0].Finalize();
+
+            this->data_size = -1;
+            this->buffers   = nullptr;
+            this->mutex     = nullptr;
+        };
+
+        /* Initialize the top level buffer storage. */
+        R_TRY(this->buffer_storages[0].Initialize(this->buffers->buffers[0], this->mutex, std::addressof(this->verify_storages[0]), info.info[0].size, static_cast<s64>(1) << info.info[0].block_order, max_hash_cache_entry_count, false, 0x10, false, storage_type));
+        auto top_buffer_guard = SCOPE_GUARD { this->buffer_storages[0].Finalize(); };
+
+        /* Prepare to initialize the level storages. */
+        s32 level = 0;
+
+        /* Ensure we don't leak state if further initialization goes wrong. */
+        auto level_guard = SCOPE_GUARD {
+            this->verify_storages[level + 1].Finalize();
+            for (/* ... */; level > 0; --level) {
+                this->buffer_storages[level].Finalize();
+                this->verify_storages[level].Finalize();
+            }
+        };
+
+        /* Initialize the level storages. */
+        for (/* ... */; level < this->max_layers - 3; ++level) {
+            /* Initialize the verification storage. */
+            {
+                fs::SubStorage buffer_storage(std::addressof(this->buffer_storages[level]), 0, info.info[level].size);
+                fs::HashSalt mac;
+                crypto::GenerateHmacSha256Mac(mac.value, sizeof(mac), info.seed.value, sizeof(info.seed), KeyArray[level + 1].key, KeyArray[level + 1].size);
+                this->verify_storages[level + 1].Initialize(buffer_storage, storage[level + 2], static_cast<s64>(1) << info.info[level + 1].block_order, static_cast<s64>(1) << info.info[level].block_order, this->buffers->buffers[this->max_layers - 2], mac, false, storage_type);
+            }
+
+            /* Initialize the buffer storage. */
+            R_TRY(this->buffer_storages[level + 1].Initialize(this->buffers->buffers[level + 1], this->mutex, std::addressof(this->verify_storages[level + 1]), info.info[level + 1].size, static_cast<s64>(1) << info.info[level + 1].block_order, max_hash_cache_entry_count, false, 0x11 + static_cast<s8>(level), false, storage_type));
+        }
+
+        /* Initialize the final level storage. */
+        {
+            /* Initialize the verification storage. */
+            {
+                fs::SubStorage buffer_storage(std::addressof(this->buffer_storages[level]), 0, info.info[level].size);
+                fs::HashSalt mac;
+                crypto::GenerateHmacSha256Mac(mac.value, sizeof(mac), info.seed.value, sizeof(info.seed), KeyArray[level + 1].key, KeyArray[level + 1].size);
+                this->verify_storages[level + 1].Initialize(buffer_storage, storage[level + 2], static_cast<s64>(1) << info.info[level + 1].block_order, static_cast<s64>(1) << info.info[level].block_order, this->buffers->buffers[this->max_layers - 2], mac, true, storage_type);
+            }
+
+            /* Initialize the buffer storage. */
+            R_TRY(this->buffer_storages[level + 1].Initialize(this->buffers->buffers[level + 1], this->mutex, std::addressof(this->verify_storages[level + 1]), info.info[level + 1].size, static_cast<s64>(1) << info.info[level + 1].block_order, max_data_cache_entry_count, true, 0x11 + static_cast<s8>(level), true, storage_type));
+        }
+
+        /* Set the data size. */
+        this->data_size = info.info[level + 1].size;
+
+        /* We succeeded. */
+        level_guard.Cancel();
+        top_buffer_guard.Cancel();
+        top_verif_guard.Cancel();
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    void HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage::Finalize() {
+        if (this->data_size >= 0) {
+            this->data_size = 0;
+
+            this->buffers   = nullptr;
+            this->mutex     = nullptr;
+
+            for (s32 level = this->max_layers - 2; level >= 0; --level) {
+                this->buffer_storages[level].Finalize();
+                this->verify_storages[level].Finalize();
+            }
+
+            this->data_size = -1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    Result HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage::Read(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size) {
+        /* Validate preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->data_size >= 0);
+
+        /* Succeed if zero-size. */
+        R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+        /* Validate arguments. */
+        R_UNLESS(buffer != nullptr, fs::ResultNullptrArgument());
+
+        /* Acquire access to the read semaphore. */
+        if (!g_read_semaphore.TimedAcquire(AccessTimeout)) {
+            for (auto level = this->max_layers - 2; level >= 0; --level) {
+                R_TRY(this->buffer_storages[level].Flush());
+            }
+            g_read_semaphore.Acquire();
+        }
+
+        /* Ensure that we release the semaphore when done. */
+        ON_SCOPE_EXIT { g_read_semaphore.Release(); };
+
+        /* Read the data. */
+        R_TRY(this->buffer_storages[this->max_layers - 2].Read(offset, buffer, size));
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage::Write(s64 offset, const void *buffer, size_t size) {
+        /* Validate preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->data_size >= 0);
+
+        /* Succeed if zero-size. */
+        R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+        /* Validate arguments. */
+        R_UNLESS(buffer != nullptr, fs::ResultNullptrArgument());
+
+        /* Acquire access to the write semaphore. */
+        if (!g_write_semaphore.TimedAcquire(AccessTimeout)) {
+            for (auto level = this->max_layers - 2; level >= 0; --level) {
+                R_TRY(this->buffer_storages[level].Flush());
+            }
+            g_write_semaphore.Acquire();
+        }
+
+        /* Ensure that we release the semaphore when done. */
+        ON_SCOPE_EXIT { g_write_semaphore.Release(); };
+
+        /* Write the data. */
+        R_TRY(this->buffer_storages[this->max_layers - 2].Write(offset, buffer, size));
+        this->is_written_for_rollback = true;
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage::GetSize(s64 *out) {
+        AMS_ASSERT(out != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->data_size >= 0);
+        *out = this->data_size;
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage::Flush() {
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage::OperateRange(void *dst, size_t dst_size, fs::OperationId op_id, s64 offset, s64 size, const void *src, size_t src_size) {
+        switch (op_id) {
+            case fs::OperationId::Clear:
+            case fs::OperationId::ClearSignature:
+                {
+                    R_TRY(this->buffer_storages[this->max_layers - 2].OperateRange(dst, dst_size, op_id, offset, size, src, src_size));
+                    this->is_written_for_rollback = true;
+                    return ResultSuccess();
+                }
+            case fs::OperationId::InvalidateCache:
+            case fs::OperationId::QueryRange:
+                {
+                    R_TRY(this->buffer_storages[this->max_layers - 2].OperateRange(dst, dst_size, op_id, offset, size, src, src_size));
+                    return ResultSuccess();
+                }
+            default:
+                return fs::ResultUnsupportedOperationInHierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorageB();
+        }
+    }
+
+    Result HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage::Commit() {
+        for (s32 level = this->max_layers - 2; level >= 0; --level) {
+            R_TRY(this->buffer_storages[level].Commit());
+        }
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage::OnRollback() {
+        for (s32 level = this->max_layers - 2; level >= 0; --level) {
+            R_TRY(this->buffer_storages[level].OnRollback());
+        }
+        this->is_written_for_rollback = false;
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/fssystem/save/fssystem_integrity_verification_storage.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,484 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <stratosphere.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::fssystem::save {
+
+    Result IntegrityVerificationStorage::Initialize(fs::SubStorage hs, fs::SubStorage ds, s64 verif_block_size, s64 upper_layer_verif_block_size, IBufferManager *bm, const fs::HashSalt &salt, bool is_real_data, fs::StorageType storage_type) {
+        /* Validate preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(verif_block_size >= HashSize);
+        AMS_ASSERT(bm != nullptr);
+
+        /* Set storages. */
+        this->hash_storage = hs;
+        this->data_storage = ds;
+
+        /* Set verification block sizes. */
+        this->verification_block_size  = verif_block_size;
+        this->verification_block_order = ILog2(static_cast<u32>(verif_block_size));
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->verification_block_size == (1l << this->verification_block_order));
+
+        /* Set buffer manager. */
+        this->buffer_manager = bm;
+
+        /* Set upper layer block sizes. */
+        upper_layer_verif_block_size               = std::max(upper_layer_verif_block_size, HashSize);
+        this->upper_layer_verification_block_size  = upper_layer_verif_block_size;
+        this->upper_layer_verification_block_order = ILog2(static_cast<u32>(upper_layer_verif_block_size));
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->upper_layer_verification_block_size == (1l << this->upper_layer_verification_block_order));
+
+        /* Validate sizes. */
+        {
+            s64 hash_size = 0;
+            s64 data_size = 0;
+            AMS_ASSERT(R_SUCCEEDED(hash_storage.GetSize(std::addressof(hash_size))));
+            AMS_ASSERT(R_SUCCEEDED(data_storage.GetSize(std::addressof(hash_size))));
+            AMS_ASSERT(((hash_size / HashSize) * this->verification_block_size) >= data_size);
+        }
+
+        /* Set salt. */
+        std::memcpy(this->salt.value, salt.value, fs::HashSalt::Size);
+
+        /* Set data and storage type. */
+        this->is_real_data = is_real_data;
+        this->storage_type = storage_type;
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    void IntegrityVerificationStorage::Finalize() {
+        if (this->buffer_manager != nullptr) {
+            this->hash_storage = fs::SubStorage();
+            this->data_storage = fs::SubStorage();
+            this->buffer_manager = nullptr;
+        }
+    }
+
+    Result IntegrityVerificationStorage::Read(s64 offset, void *buffer, size_t size) {
+        /* Although we support zero-size reads, we expect non-zero sizes. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(size != 0);
+
+        /* Validate other preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(util::IsAligned(offset, static_cast<size_t>(this->verification_block_size)));
+        AMS_ASSERT(util::IsAligned(size,   static_cast<size_t>(this->verification_block_size)));
+
+        /* Succeed if zero size. */
+        R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+        /* Validate arguments. */
+        R_UNLESS(buffer != nullptr, fs::ResultNullptrArgument());
+
+        /* Validate the offset. */
+        s64 data_size;
+        R_TRY(this->data_storage.GetSize(std::addressof(data_size)));
+        R_UNLESS(offset <= data_size, fs::ResultInvalidOffset());
+
+        /* Validate the access range. */
+        R_UNLESS(IStorage::IsRangeValid(offset, size, util::AlignUp(data_size, static_cast<size_t>(this->verification_block_size))), fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+        /* Determine the read extents. */
+        size_t read_size = size;
+        if (static_cast<s64>(offset + read_size) > data_size) {
+            /* Determine the padding sizes. */
+            s64 padding_offset  = data_size - offset;
+            size_t padding_size = static_cast<size_t>(this->verification_block_size - (padding_offset & (this->verification_block_size - 1)));
+            AMS_ASSERT(static_cast<s64>(padding_size) < this->verification_block_size);
+
+            /* Clear the padding. */
+            std::memset(static_cast<u8 *>(buffer) + padding_offset, 0, padding_size);
+
+            /* Set the new in-bounds size. */
+            read_size = static_cast<size_t>(data_size - offset);
+        }
+
+        /* Perform the read. */
+        {
+            auto clear_guard = SCOPE_GUARD { std::memset(buffer, 0, size); };
+            R_TRY(this->data_storage.Read(offset, buffer, read_size));
+            clear_guard.Cancel();
+        }
+
+        /* Prepare to validate the signatures. */
+        const auto signature_count = size >> this->verification_block_order;
+        PooledBuffer signature_buffer(signature_count * sizeof(BlockHash), sizeof(BlockHash));
+        const auto buffer_count = std::min(signature_count, signature_buffer.GetSize() / sizeof(BlockHash));
+
+        /* Verify the signatures. */
+        Result verify_hash_result = ResultSuccess();
+
+        size_t verified_count = 0;
+        while (verified_count < signature_count) {
+            /* Read the current signatures. */
+            const auto cur_count = std::min(buffer_count, signature_count - verified_count);
+            auto cur_result = this->ReadBlockSignature(signature_buffer.GetBuffer(), signature_buffer.GetSize(), offset + (verified_count << this->verification_block_order), cur_count << this->verification_block_order);
+
+            /* Temporarily increase our priority. */
+            ScopedThreadPriorityChanger cp(+1, ScopedThreadPriorityChanger::Mode::Relative);
+
+            /* Loop over each signature we read. */
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < cur_count && R_SUCCEEDED(cur_result); ++i) {
+                const auto verified_size = (verified_count + i) << this->verification_block_order;
+                u8 *cur_buf = static_cast<u8 *>(buffer) + verified_size;
+                cur_result = this->VerifyHash(cur_buf, reinterpret_cast<BlockHash *>(signature_buffer.GetBuffer()) + i);
+
+                /* If the data is corrupted, clear the corrupted parts. */
+                if (fs::ResultIntegrityVerificationStorageCorrupted::Includes(cur_result)) {
+                    std::memset(cur_buf, 0, this->verification_block_size);
+
+                    /* Set the result if we should. */
+                    if (!fs::ResultClearedRealDataVerificationFailed::Includes(cur_result) && this->storage_type != fs::StorageType_Authoring) {
+                        verify_hash_result = cur_result;
+                    }
+
+                    cur_result = ResultSuccess();
+                }
+            }
+
+            /* If we failed, clear and return. */
+            if (R_FAILED(cur_result)) {
+                std::memset(buffer, 0, size);
+                return cur_result;
+            }
+
+            /* Advance. */
+            verified_count += cur_count;
+        }
+
+        return verify_hash_result;
+    }
+
+    Result IntegrityVerificationStorage::Write(s64 offset, const void *buffer, size_t size) {
+        /* Succeed if zero size. */
+        R_SUCCEED_IF(size == 0);
+
+        /* Validate arguments. */
+        R_UNLESS(buffer != nullptr,                            fs::ResultNullptrArgument());
+        R_UNLESS(IStorage::IsOffsetAndSizeValid(offset, size), fs::ResultInvalidOffset());
+
+        /* Validate the offset. */
+        s64 data_size;
+        R_TRY(this->data_storage.GetSize(std::addressof(data_size)));
+        R_UNLESS(offset < data_size, fs::ResultInvalidOffset());
+
+        /* Validate the access range. */
+        R_UNLESS(IStorage::IsRangeValid(offset, size, util::AlignUp(data_size, static_cast<size_t>(this->verification_block_size))), fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+        /* Validate preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(util::IsAligned(offset, this->verification_block_size));
+        AMS_ASSERT(util::IsAligned(size,   this->verification_block_size));
+        AMS_ASSERT(offset <= data_size);
+        AMS_ASSERT(static_cast<s64>(offset + size) < data_size + this->verification_block_size);
+
+        /* Validate that if writing past the end, all extra data is zero padding. */
+        if (static_cast<s64>(offset + size) > data_size) {
+            const u8 *padding_cur = static_cast<const u8 *>(buffer) + data_size - offset;
+            const u8 *padding_end = padding_cur + (offset + size - data_size);
+
+            while (padding_cur < padding_end) {
+                AMS_ASSERT((*padding_cur) == 0);
+                ++padding_cur;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* Determine the unpadded size to write. */
+        auto write_size = size;
+        if (static_cast<s64>(offset + write_size) > data_size) {
+            write_size = static_cast<size_t>(data_size - offset);
+            R_SUCCEED_IF(write_size == 0);
+        }
+
+        /* Determine the size we're writing in blocks. */
+        const auto aligned_write_size = util::AlignUp(write_size, this->verification_block_size);
+
+        /* Write the updated block signatures. */
+        Result update_result = ResultSuccess();
+        size_t updated_count = 0;
+        {
+            const auto signature_count = aligned_write_size >> this->verification_block_order;
+            PooledBuffer signature_buffer(signature_count * sizeof(BlockHash), sizeof(BlockHash));
+            const auto buffer_count = std::min(signature_count, signature_buffer.GetSize() / sizeof(BlockHash));
+
+            while (updated_count < signature_count) {
+                const auto cur_count = std::min(buffer_count, signature_count - updated_count);
+
+                /* Calculate the hash with temporarily increased priority. */
+                {
+                    ScopedThreadPriorityChanger cp(+1, ScopedThreadPriorityChanger::Mode::Relative);
+
+                    for (size_t i = 0; i < cur_count; ++i) {
+                        const auto updated_size = (updated_count + i) << this->verification_block_order;
+                        this->CalcBlockHash(reinterpret_cast<BlockHash *>(signature_buffer.GetBuffer()) + i, reinterpret_cast<const u8 *>(buffer) + updated_size);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                /* Write the new block signatures. */
+                if (R_FAILED((update_result = this->WriteBlockSignature(signature_buffer.GetBuffer(), signature_buffer.GetSize(), offset + (updated_count << this->verification_block_order), cur_count << this->verification_block_order)))) {
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                /* Advance. */
+                updated_count += cur_count;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* Write the data. */
+        R_TRY(this->data_storage.Write(offset, buffer, std::min(write_size, updated_count << this->verification_block_order)));
+
+        return update_result;
+    }
+
+    Result IntegrityVerificationStorage::GetSize(s64 *out) {
+        return this->data_storage.GetSize(out);
+    }
+
+    Result IntegrityVerificationStorage::Flush() {
+        /* Flush both storages. */
+        R_TRY(this->hash_storage.Flush());
+        R_TRY(this->data_storage.Flush());
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result IntegrityVerificationStorage::OperateRange(void *dst, size_t dst_size, fs::OperationId op_id, s64 offset, s64 size, const void *src, size_t src_size) {
+        /* Validate preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(util::IsAligned(offset, static_cast<size_t>(this->verification_block_size)));
+        AMS_ASSERT(util::IsAligned(size,   static_cast<size_t>(this->verification_block_size)));
+
+        switch (op_id) {
+            case fs::OperationId::Clear:
+                {
+                    /* Clear should only be called for save data. */
+                    AMS_ASSERT(this->storage_type == fs::StorageType_SaveData);
+
+                    /* Validate the range. */
+                    s64 data_size = 0;
+                    R_TRY(this->data_storage.GetSize(std::addressof(data_size)));
+                    R_UNLESS(0 <= offset && offset <= data_size, fs::ResultInvalidOffset());
+
+                    /* Determine the extents to clear. */
+                    const auto sign_offset = (offset >> this->verification_block_order) * HashSize;
+                    const auto sign_size   = (std::min(size, data_size - offset) >> this->verification_block_order) * HashSize;
+
+                    /* Allocate a work buffer. */
+                    const auto buf_size = static_cast<size_t>(std::min(sign_size, static_cast<s64>(1) << (this->upper_layer_verification_block_order + 2)));
+                    std::unique_ptr<char[], fs::impl::Deleter> buf = fs::impl::MakeUnique<char[]>(buf_size);
+                    R_UNLESS(buf != nullptr, fs::ResultAllocationFailureInIntegrityVerificationStorageA());
+
+                    /* Clear the work buffer. */
+                    std::memset(buf.get(), 0, buf_size);
+
+                    /* Clear in chunks. */
+                    auto remaining_size = sign_size;
+
+                    while (remaining_size > 0) {
+                        const auto cur_size = static_cast<size_t>(std::min(remaining_size, static_cast<s64>(buf_size)));
+                        R_TRY(this->hash_storage.Write(sign_offset + sign_size - remaining_size, buf.get(), cur_size));
+                        remaining_size -= cur_size;
+                    }
+
+                    return ResultSuccess();
+                }
+            case fs::OperationId::ClearSignature:
+                {
+                    /* Clear Signature should only be called for save data. */
+                    AMS_ASSERT(this->storage_type == fs::StorageType_SaveData);
+
+                    /* Validate the range. */
+                    s64 data_size = 0;
+                    R_TRY(this->data_storage.GetSize(std::addressof(data_size)));
+                    R_UNLESS(0 <= offset && offset <= data_size, fs::ResultInvalidOffset());
+
+                    /* Determine the extents to clear the signature for. */
+                    const auto sign_offset = (offset >> this->verification_block_order) * HashSize;
+                    const auto sign_size   = (std::min(size, data_size - offset) >> this->verification_block_order) * HashSize;
+
+                    /* Allocate a work buffer. */
+                    std::unique_ptr<char[], fs::impl::Deleter> buf = fs::impl::MakeUnique<char[]>(sign_size);
+                    R_UNLESS(buf != nullptr, fs::ResultAllocationFailureInIntegrityVerificationStorageB());
+
+                    /* Read the existing signature. */
+                    R_TRY(this->hash_storage.Read(sign_offset, buf.get(), sign_size));
+
+                    /* Clear the signature. */
+                    /* This sets all bytes to FF, with the verification bit cleared. */
+                    for (auto i = 0; i < sign_size; ++i) {
+                        buf[i] ^= ((i + 1) % HashSize == 0 ? 0x7F : 0xFF);
+                    }
+
+                    /* Write the cleared signature. */
+                    return this->hash_storage.Write(sign_offset, buf.get(), sign_size);
+                }
+            case fs::OperationId::InvalidateCache:
+                {
+                    /* Only allow cache invalidation for RomFs. */
+                    R_UNLESS(this->storage_type != fs::StorageType_SaveData, fs::ResultUnsupportedOperationInIntegrityVerificationStorageB());
+
+                    /* Validate the range. */
+                    s64 data_size = 0;
+                    R_TRY(this->data_storage.GetSize(std::addressof(data_size)));
+                    R_UNLESS(0 <= offset && offset <= data_size, fs::ResultInvalidOffset());
+
+                    /* Determine the extents to invalidate. */
+                    const auto sign_offset = (offset >> this->verification_block_order) * HashSize;
+                    const auto sign_size   = (std::min(size, data_size - offset) >> this->verification_block_order) * HashSize;
+
+                    /* Operate on our storages. */
+                    R_TRY(this->hash_storage.OperateRange(dst, dst_size, op_id, sign_offset, sign_size, src, src_size));
+                    R_TRY(this->data_storage.OperateRange(dst, dst_size, op_id, sign_offset, sign_size, src, src_size));
+
+                    return ResultSuccess();
+                }
+            case fs::OperationId::QueryRange:
+                {
+                    /* Validate the range. */
+                    s64 data_size = 0;
+                    R_TRY(this->data_storage.GetSize(std::addressof(data_size)));
+                    R_UNLESS(0 <= offset && offset <= data_size, fs::ResultInvalidOffset());
+
+                    /* Determine the real size to query. */
+                    const auto actual_size = std::min(size, data_size - offset);
+
+                    /* Query the data storage. */
+                    R_TRY(this->data_storage.OperateRange(dst, dst_size, op_id, offset, actual_size, src, src_size));
+
+                    return ResultSuccess();
+                }
+            default:
+                return fs::ResultUnsupportedOperationInIntegrityVerificationStorageC();
+        }
+    }
+
+    void IntegrityVerificationStorage::CalcBlockHash(BlockHash *out, const void *buffer, size_t block_size) const {
+        /* Create a sha256 generator. */
+        crypto::Sha256Generator sha;
+        sha.Initialize();
+
+        /* If calculating for save data, hash the salt. */
+        if (this->storage_type == fs::StorageType_SaveData) {
+            sha.Update(this->salt.value, sizeof(this->salt));
+        }
+
+        /* Update with the buffer and get the hash. */
+        sha.Update(buffer, block_size);
+        sha.GetHash(out, sizeof(*out));
+
+        /* Set the validation bit, if the hash is for save data. */
+        if (this->storage_type == fs::StorageType_SaveData) {
+            SetValidationBit(out);
+        }
+    }
+
+    Result IntegrityVerificationStorage::ReadBlockSignature(void *dst, size_t dst_size, s64 offset, size_t size) {
+        /* Validate preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(dst != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(util::IsAligned(offset, static_cast<size_t>(this->verification_block_size)));
+        AMS_ASSERT(util::IsAligned(size, static_cast<size_t>(this->verification_block_size)));
+
+        /* Determine where to read the signature. */
+        const s64 sign_offset = (offset >> this->verification_block_order) * HashSize;
+        const auto sign_size  = static_cast<size_t>((size >> this->verification_block_order) * HashSize);
+        AMS_ASSERT(dst_size >= sign_size);
+
+        /* Create a guard in the event of failure. */
+        auto clear_guard = SCOPE_GUARD { std::memset(dst, 0, sign_size); };
+
+        /* Validate that we can read the signature. */
+        s64 hash_size;
+        R_TRY(this->hash_storage.GetSize(std::addressof(hash_size)));
+        const bool range_valid = static_cast<s64>(sign_offset + sign_size) <= hash_size;
+        AMS_ASSERT(range_valid);
+        R_UNLESS(range_valid, fs::ResultOutOfRange());
+
+        /* Read the signature. */
+        R_TRY(this->hash_storage.Read(sign_offset, dst, sign_size));
+
+        /* We succeeded. */
+        clear_guard.Cancel();
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result IntegrityVerificationStorage::WriteBlockSignature(const void *src, size_t src_size, s64 offset, size_t size) {
+        /* Validate preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(src != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(util::IsAligned(offset, static_cast<size_t>(this->verification_block_size)));
+
+        /* Determine where to write the signature. */
+        const s64 sign_offset = (offset >> this->verification_block_order) * HashSize;
+        const auto sign_size  = static_cast<size_t>((size >> this->verification_block_order) * HashSize);
+        AMS_ASSERT(src_size >= sign_size);
+
+        /* Write the signature. */
+        R_TRY(this->hash_storage.Write(sign_offset, src, sign_size));
+
+        /* We succeeded. */
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result IntegrityVerificationStorage::VerifyHash(const void *buf, BlockHash *hash) {
+        /* Validate preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(buf != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(hash != nullptr);
+
+        /* Get the comparison hash. */
+        auto &cmp_hash = *hash;
+
+        /* If save data, check if the data is uninitialized. */
+        if (this->storage_type == fs::StorageType_SaveData) {
+            bool is_cleared = false;
+            R_TRY(this->IsCleared(std::addressof(is_cleared), cmp_hash));
+            R_UNLESS(!is_cleared, fs::ResultClearedRealDataVerificationFailed());
+        }
+
+        /* Get the calculated hash. */
+        BlockHash calc_hash;
+        this->CalcBlockHash(std::addressof(calc_hash), buf);
+
+        /* Check that the signatures are equal. */
+        if (!crypto::IsSameBytes(std::addressof(cmp_hash), std::addressof(calc_hash), sizeof(BlockHash))) {
+            /* Clear the comparison hash. */
+            std::memset(std::addressof(cmp_hash), 0, sizeof(cmp_hash));
+
+            /* Return the appropriate result. */
+            if (this->is_real_data) {
+                return fs::ResultUnclearedRealDataVerificationFailed();
+            } else {
+                return fs::ResultNonRealDataVerificationFailed();
+            }
+        }
+
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+    Result IntegrityVerificationStorage::IsCleared(bool *is_cleared, const BlockHash &hash) {
+        /* Validate preconditions. */
+        AMS_ASSERT(is_cleared != nullptr);
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->storage_type == fs::StorageType_SaveData);
+
+        /* Default to uncleared. */
+        *is_cleared = false;
+
+        /* Succeed if the validation bit is set. */
+        R_SUCCEED_IF(IsValidationBit(std::addressof(hash)));
+
+        /* Otherwise, we expect the hash to be all zero. */
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(hash.hash); ++i) {
+            R_UNLESS(hash.hash[i] == 0, fs::ResultInvalidZeroHash());
+        }
+
+        /* Set cleared. */
+        *is_cleared = true;
+        return ResultSuccess();
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libstratosphere/source/hos/hos_stratosphere_api.cpp

@@ -32,4 +32,12 @@ namespace ams::hos {
         hos::SetVersionForLibnxInternal();
     }
 
+    void InitializeForStratosphereDebug(hos::Version debug_version) {
+        /* Initialize the global os resource managers. This *must* be done before anything else in stratosphere. */
+        os::InitializeForStratosphereInternal();
+
+        /* Initialize hos::Version API. */
+        hos::SetVersionForLibnxInternalDebug(debug_version);
+    }
+
 }

libraries/libstratosphere/source/hos/hos_version_api.cpp

@@ -49,6 +49,14 @@ namespace ams::hos {
         return g_hos_version;
     }
 
+
+    void SetVersionForLibnxInternalDebug(hos::Version debug_version) {
+        std::scoped_lock lk(g_mutex);
+        g_hos_version = debug_version;
+        __atomic_store_n(&g_has_cached, true, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST);
+        SetVersionForLibnxInternal();
+    }
+
     void SetVersionForLibnxInternal() {
         const u32 hos_version_val = static_cast<u32>(hos::GetVersion());
         const u32 major = (hos_version_val >> 24) & 0xFF;

libraries/libstratosphere/source/hos/hos_version_api_private.hpp

@@ -19,5 +19,6 @@
 namespace ams::hos {
 
     void SetVersionForLibnxInternal();
+    void SetVersionForLibnxInternalDebug(hos::Version debug_version);
 
 }

libraries/libstratosphere/source/ncm/ncm_content_storage_impl.cpp

@@ -627,7 +627,7 @@ namespace ams::ncm {
         R_TRY(this->EnsureEnabled());
 
         /* This command is for development hardware only. */
-        AMS_ABORT_UNLESS(spl::IsDevelopmentHardware());
+        AMS_ABORT_UNLESS(spl::IsDevelopment());
 
         /* Close any cached file. */
         this->InvalidateFileCache();

libraries/libstratosphere/source/spl/spl_api.cpp

@@ -17,17 +17,204 @@
 
 namespace ams::spl {
 
-    HardwareType GetHardwareType() {
-        u64 out_val = 0;
-        R_ABORT_UNLESS(splGetConfig(SplConfigItem_HardwareType, &out_val));
-        return static_cast<HardwareType>(out_val);
+    namespace {
+
+        enum class InitializeMode {
+            None,
+            General,
+            Crypto,
+            Ssl,
+            Es,
+            Fs,
+            Manu
+        };
+
+        os::Mutex g_mutex(false);
+        s32 g_initialize_count = 0;
+        InitializeMode g_initialize_mode = InitializeMode::None;
+
+        Result AllocateAesKeySlotImpl(s32 *out) {
+            return serviceDispatchOut(splCryptoGetServiceSession(), 21, *out);
+        }
+
+        Result DeallocateAesKeySlotImpl(s32 slot) {
+            return serviceDispatchIn(splCryptoGetServiceSession(), 22, slot);
+        }
+
+        Result GetAesKeySlotAvailableEventImpl(Handle *out) {
+            return serviceDispatch(splCryptoGetServiceSession(), 23,
+                .out_handle_attrs = { SfOutHandleAttr_HipcCopy },
+                .out_handles = out,
+            );
+        }
+
+        void GetAesKeySlotAvailableEvent(os::SystemEvent *out) {
+            /* Get libnx event. */
+            Handle handle = svc::InvalidHandle;
+            R_ABORT_UNLESS(GetAesKeySlotAvailableEventImpl(std::addressof(handle)));
+
+            /* Attach to event. */
+            out->AttachReadableHandle(handle, true, os::EventClearMode_ManualClear);
+        }
+
+        template<typename F>
+        Result WaitAvailableKeySlotAndExecute(F f) {
+            os::SystemEvent event;
+            auto is_event_initialized = false;
+            while (true) {
+                R_TRY_CATCH(static_cast<::ams::Result>(f())) {
+                    R_CATCH(spl::ResultOutOfKeyslots) {
+                        if (!is_event_initialized) {
+                            GetAesKeySlotAvailableEvent(std::addressof(event));
+                            is_event_initialized = true;
+                        }
+                        event.Wait();
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                } R_END_TRY_CATCH;
+
+                return ResultSuccess();
+            }
+        }
+
+        template<typename F>
+        void Initialize(InitializeMode mode, F f) {
+            std::scoped_lock lk(g_mutex);
+
+            AMS_ASSERT(g_initialize_count >= 0);
+            AMS_ABORT_UNLESS(mode != InitializeMode::None);
+
+            if (g_initialize_count == 0) {
+                AMS_ABORT_UNLESS(g_initialize_mode == InitializeMode::None);
+                f();
+                g_initialize_mode = mode;
+            } else {
+                AMS_ABORT_UNLESS(g_initialize_mode == mode);
+            }
+
+            ++g_initialize_count;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    void Initialize() {
+        return Initialize(InitializeMode::General, [&]() {
+            R_ABORT_UNLESS(splInitialize());
+        });
+    }
+
+    void InitializeForCrypto() {
+        return Initialize(InitializeMode::Crypto, [&]() {
+            R_ABORT_UNLESS(splCryptoInitialize());
+        });
+    }
+
+    void InitializeForSsl() {
+        return Initialize(InitializeMode::Ssl, [&]() {
+            R_ABORT_UNLESS(splSslInitialize());
+        });
+    }
+
+    void InitializeForEs() {
+        return Initialize(InitializeMode::Es, [&]() {
+            R_ABORT_UNLESS(splEsInitialize());
+        });
+    }
+
+    void InitializeForFs() {
+        return Initialize(InitializeMode::Fs, [&]() {
+            R_ABORT_UNLESS(splFsInitialize());
+        });
+    }
+
+    void InitializeForManu() {
+        return Initialize(InitializeMode::Manu, [&]() {
+            R_ABORT_UNLESS(splManuInitialize());
+        });
+    }
+
+    void Finalize() {
+        std::scoped_lock lk(g_mutex);
+        AMS_ASSERT(g_initialize_count > 0);
+        AMS_ABORT_UNLESS(g_initialize_mode != InitializeMode::None);
+
+        if ((--g_initialize_count) == 0) {
+            switch (g_initialize_mode) {
+                case InitializeMode::General: splExit();       break;
+                case InitializeMode::Crypto:  splCryptoExit(); break;
+                case InitializeMode::Ssl:     splSslExit();    break;
+                case InitializeMode::Es:      splEsExit();     break;
+                case InitializeMode::Fs:      splFsExit();     break;
+                case InitializeMode::Manu:    splManuExit();   break;
+                AMS_UNREACHABLE_DEFAULT_CASE();
+            }
+            g_initialize_mode = InitializeMode::None;
+        }
+    }
+
+    Result AllocateAesKeySlot(s32 *out_slot) {
+        return WaitAvailableKeySlotAndExecute([&]() -> Result {
+            return AllocateAesKeySlotImpl(out_slot);
+        });
+    }
+
+    Result DeallocateAesKeySlot(s32 slot) {
+        return DeallocateAesKeySlotImpl(slot);
+    }
+
+    Result GenerateAesKek(AccessKey *access_key, const void *key_source, size_t key_source_size, s32 generation, u32 option) {
+        AMS_ASSERT(key_source_size == sizeof(KeySource));
+        return splCryptoGenerateAesKek(key_source, generation, option, static_cast<void *>(access_key));
+    }
+
+    Result LoadAesKey(s32 slot, const AccessKey &access_key, const void *key_source, size_t key_source_size) {
+        AMS_ASSERT(key_source_size == sizeof(KeySource));
+        return splCryptoLoadAesKey(std::addressof(access_key), key_source, static_cast<u32>(slot));
+    }
+
+    Result GenerateAesKey(void *dst, size_t dst_size, const AccessKey &access_key, const void *key_source, size_t key_source_size) {
+        AMS_ASSERT(dst_size >= crypto::AesEncryptor128::KeySize);
+        AMS_ASSERT(key_source_size == sizeof(KeySource));
+        return WaitAvailableKeySlotAndExecute([&]() -> Result {
+            return splCryptoGenerateAesKey(std::addressof(access_key), key_source, dst);
+        });
+    }
+
+    Result GenerateSpecificAesKey(void *dst, size_t dst_size, const void *key_source, size_t key_source_size, s32 generation, u32 option) {
+        AMS_ASSERT(dst_size >= crypto::AesEncryptor128::KeySize);
+        AMS_ASSERT(key_source_size == sizeof(KeySource));
+        return splFsGenerateSpecificAesKey(key_source, static_cast<u32>(generation), option, dst);
+    }
+
+    Result ComputeCtr(void *dst, size_t dst_size, s32 slot, const void *src, size_t src_size, const void *iv, size_t iv_size) {
+        AMS_ASSERT(iv_size >= 0x10);
+        AMS_ASSERT(dst_size >= src_size);
+
+        return splCryptoCryptAesCtr(src, dst, src_size, static_cast<s32>(slot), iv);
+    }
+
+    Result DecryptAesKey(void *dst, size_t dst_size, const void *key_source, size_t key_source_size, s32 generation, u32 option) {
+        AMS_ASSERT(dst_size >= crypto::AesEncryptor128::KeySize);
+        AMS_ASSERT(key_source_size == sizeof(KeySource));
+        return WaitAvailableKeySlotAndExecute([&]() -> Result {
+            return splCryptoDecryptAesKey(key_source, static_cast<u32>(generation), option, dst);
+        });
+    }
+
+    Result GetConfig(u64 *out, ConfigItem item) {
+        return splGetConfig(static_cast<::SplConfigItem>(item), out);
+    }
+
+    bool IsDevelopment() {
+        bool is_dev;
+        R_ABORT_UNLESS(splIsDevelopment(std::addressof(is_dev)));
+        return is_dev;
     }
 
     MemoryArrangement GetMemoryArrangement() {
-        u64 arrange = 0;
-        R_ABORT_UNLESS(splGetConfig(SplConfigItem_MemoryArrange, &arrange));
-        arrange &= 0x3F;
-        switch (arrange) {
+        u64 mode = 0;
+        R_ABORT_UNLESS(spl::GetConfig(std::addressof(mode), spl::ConfigItem::MemoryMode));
+        switch (mode & 0x3F) {
             case 2:
                 return MemoryArrangement_StandardForAppletDev;
             case 3:
@@ -41,52 +228,55 @@ namespace ams::spl {
         }
     }
 
-    bool IsDisabledProgramVerification() {
-        u64 val = 0;
-        R_ABORT_UNLESS(splGetConfig(SplConfigItem_DisableProgramVerification, &val));
-        return val != 0;
+    Result SetBootReason(BootReasonValue boot_reason) {
+        static_assert(sizeof(boot_reason) == sizeof(u32));
+
+        u32 v;
+        std::memcpy(std::addressof(v), std::addressof(boot_reason), sizeof(v));
+
+        return splSetBootReason(v);
     }
 
-    bool IsDevelopmentHardware() {
-        bool is_dev_hardware;
-        R_ABORT_UNLESS(splIsDevelopment(&is_dev_hardware));
-        return is_dev_hardware;
+    Result GetBootReason(BootReasonValue *out) {
+        static_assert(sizeof(*out) == sizeof(u32));
+
+        u32 v;
+        R_TRY(splGetBootReason(std::addressof(v)));
+
+        std::memcpy(out, std::addressof(v), sizeof(*out));
+        return ResultSuccess();
     }
 
-    bool IsDevelopmentFunctionEnabled() {
-        u64 val = 0;
-        R_ABORT_UNLESS(splGetConfig(SplConfigItem_IsDebugMode, &val));
-        return val != 0;
-    }
-
-    bool IsRecoveryBoot() {
-        u64 val = 0;
-        R_ABORT_UNLESS(splGetConfig(SplConfigItem_IsRecoveryBoot, &val));
-        return val != 0;
-    }
-
-    bool IsMariko() {
-        const auto hw_type = GetHardwareType();
-        switch (hw_type) {
+    SocType GetSocType() {
+        switch (GetHardwareType()) {
             case HardwareType::Icosa:
             case HardwareType::Copper:
-                return false;
+                return SocType_Erista;
             case HardwareType::Hoag:
             case HardwareType::Iowa:
-                return true;
+            case HardwareType::_Five_:
+                return SocType_Mariko;
             AMS_UNREACHABLE_DEFAULT_CASE();
         }
     }
 
-    Result GenerateAesKek(AccessKey *access_key, const void *key_source, size_t key_source_size, u32 generation, u32 option) {
-        AMS_ASSERT(key_source_size == sizeof(KeySource));
-        return splCryptoGenerateAesKek(key_source, generation, option, static_cast<void *>(access_key));
+    Result GetPackage2Hash(void *dst, size_t dst_size) {
+        AMS_ASSERT(dst_size >= crypto::Sha256Generator::HashSize);
+        return splFsGetPackage2Hash(dst);
     }
 
-    Result GenerateAesKey(void *dst, size_t dst_size, const AccessKey &access_key, const void *key_source, size_t key_source_size) {
-        AMS_ASSERT(dst_size == crypto::AesEncryptor128::KeySize);
-        AMS_ASSERT(key_source_size == sizeof(KeySource));
-        return splCryptoGenerateAesKey(std::addressof(access_key), key_source, dst);
+    Result GenerateRandomBytes(void *out, size_t buffer_size) {
+        return splGetRandomBytes(out, buffer_size);
+    }
+
+    Result LoadPreparedAesKey(s32 slot, const AccessKey &access_key) {
+        if (g_initialize_mode == InitializeMode::Fs) {
+            return splFsLoadTitlekey(std::addressof(access_key), static_cast<u32>(slot));
+        } else {
+            /* TODO: libnx binding not available. */
+            /* return splEsLoadTitlekey(std::addressof(access_key), static_cast<u32>(slot)); */
+            AMS_ABORT_UNLESS(false);
+        }
     }
 
 }

libraries/libvapours/include/vapours/crypto.hpp

@@ -29,4 +29,6 @@
 #include <vapours/crypto/crypto_rsa_oaep_sha256_decoder.hpp>
 #include <vapours/crypto/crypto_rsa_oaep_sha256_decryptor.hpp>
 #include <vapours/crypto/crypto_rsa_oaep_sha256_encryptor.hpp>
+#include <vapours/crypto/crypto_hmac_sha1_generator.hpp>
+#include <vapours/crypto/crypto_hmac_sha256_generator.hpp>
 #include <vapours/crypto/crypto_csrng.hpp>

libraries/libvapours/include/vapours/crypto/crypto_hmac_generator.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours/common.hpp>
+#include <vapours/assert.hpp>
+#include <vapours/util.hpp>
+#include <vapours/crypto/impl/crypto_hmac_impl.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::crypto {
+
+    template<typename Hash> /* requires HashFunction<Hash> */
+    class HmacGenerator {
+        NON_COPYABLE(HmacGenerator);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(HmacGenerator);
+        private:
+            using Impl = impl::HmacImpl<Hash>;
+        public:
+            static constexpr size_t HashSize  = Impl::HashSize;
+            static constexpr size_t BlockSize = Impl::BlockSize;
+        private:
+            Impl impl;
+        public:
+            HmacGenerator() { /* ... */ }
+
+            void Initialize(const void *key, size_t key_size) {
+                return this->impl.Initialize(key, key_size);
+            }
+
+            void Update(const void *data, size_t size) {
+                return this->impl.Update(data, size);
+            }
+
+            void GetMac(void *dst, size_t dst_size) {
+                return this->impl.GetMac(dst, dst_size);
+            }
+    };
+}

libraries/libvapours/include/vapours/crypto/crypto_hmac_sha1_generator.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours/crypto/crypto_sha1_generator.hpp>
+#include <vapours/crypto/crypto_hmac_generator.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::crypto {
+
+    using HmacSha1Generator = HmacGenerator<Sha1Generator>;
+
+    void GenerateHmacSha1Mac(void *dst, size_t dst_size, const void *data, size_t data_size, const void *key, size_t key_size);
+
+}

libraries/libvapours/include/vapours/crypto/crypto_hmac_sha256_generator.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours/crypto/crypto_sha256_generator.hpp>
+#include <vapours/crypto/crypto_hmac_generator.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::crypto {
+
+    using HmacSha256Generator = HmacGenerator<Sha256Generator>;
+
+    void GenerateHmacSha256Mac(void *dst, size_t dst_size, const void *data, size_t data_size, const void *key, size_t key_size);
+
+}

libraries/libvapours/include/vapours/crypto/impl/crypto_hmac_impl.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours/common.hpp>
+#include <vapours/assert.hpp>
+#include <vapours/util.hpp>
+#include <vapours/crypto/impl/crypto_hash_function.hpp>
+#include <vapours/crypto/crypto_memory_clear.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::crypto::impl {
+
+    template<typename Hash> /* requires HashFunction<Hash> */
+    class HmacImpl {
+        NON_COPYABLE(HmacImpl);
+        NON_MOVEABLE(HmacImpl);
+        public:
+            static constexpr size_t MacSize   = Hash::HashSize;
+            static constexpr size_t BlockSize = Hash::BlockSize;
+        private:
+            static constexpr u32 IpadMagic = 0x36363636;
+            static constexpr u32 OpadMagic = 0x5c5c5c5c;
+
+            static constexpr u32 IpadMagicXorOpadMagic = IpadMagic ^ OpadMagic;
+            static_assert(IpadMagicXorOpadMagic == 0x6a6a6a6a);
+        private:
+            enum State {
+                State_None        = 0,
+                State_Initialized = 1,
+                State_Done        = 2,
+            };
+        private:
+            Hash hash_function;
+            u32 key[BlockSize / sizeof(u32)];
+            u32 mac[MacSize   / sizeof(u32)];
+            State state;
+        public:
+            HmacImpl() : state(State_None) { /* ... */ }
+            ~HmacImpl() {
+                static_assert(offsetof(HmacImpl, hash_function) == 0);
+
+                /* Clear everything except for the hash function. */
+                ClearMemory(reinterpret_cast<u8 *>(this) + sizeof(this->hash_function), sizeof(*this) - sizeof(this->hash_function));
+            }
+
+            void Initialize(const void *key, size_t key_size);
+            void Update(const void *data, size_t data_size);
+            void GetMac(void *dst, size_t dst_size);
+    };
+
+    template<typename Hash>
+    inline void HmacImpl<Hash>::Initialize(const void *key, size_t key_size) {
+        /* Clear the key storage. */
+        std::memset(this->key, 0, sizeof(this->key));
+
+        /* Set the key storage. */
+        if (key_size > BlockSize) {
+            this->hash_function.Initialize();
+            this->hash_function.Update(key, key_size);
+            this->hash_function.GetHash(this->key, this->hash_function.HashSize);
+        } else {
+            std::memcpy(this->key, key, key_size);
+        }
+
+        /* Xor the key with the ipad. */
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < util::size(this->key); i++) {
+            this->key[i] ^= IpadMagic;
+        }
+
+        /* Update the hash function with the xor'd key. */
+        this->hash_function.Initialize();
+        this->hash_function.Update(this->key, BlockSize);
+
+        /* Mark initialized. */
+        this->state = State_Initialized;
+    }
+
+    template<typename Hash>
+    inline void HmacImpl<Hash>::Update(const void *data, size_t data_size) {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->state == State_Initialized);
+
+        this->hash_function.Update(data, data_size);
+    }
+
+    template<typename Hash>
+    inline void HmacImpl<Hash>::GetMac(void *dst, size_t dst_size) {
+        AMS_ASSERT(this->state == State_Initialized || this->state == State_Done);
+        AMS_ASSERT(dst_size >= MacSize);
+
+        /* If we're not already finalized, get the final mac. */
+        if (this->state == State_Initialized) {
+            /* Get the hash of ((key ^ ipad) || data). */
+            this->hash_function.GetHash(this->mac, MacSize);
+
+            /* Xor the key with the opad. */
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < util::size(this->key); i++) {
+                this->key[i] ^= IpadMagicXorOpadMagic;
+            }
+
+            /* Calculate the final mac as hash of ((key ^ opad) || hash((key ^ ipad) || data)) */
+            this->hash_function.Initialize();
+            this->hash_function.Update(this->key, BlockSize);
+            this->hash_function.Update(this->mac, MacSize);
+            this->hash_function.GetHash(this->mac, MacSize);
+
+            /* Set our state as done. */
+            this->state = State_Done;
+        }
+
+        std::memcpy(dst, this->mac, MacSize);
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libvapours/include/vapours/results/fs_results.hpp

@@ -35,9 +35,12 @@ namespace ams::fs {
             R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(NotEnoughFreeSpaceBisSystem,      38);
         R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(NotEnoughFreeSpaceSdCard, 39);
 
+    R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedSdkVersion, 50);
+
     R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(MountNameAlreadyExists, 60);
 
-    R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(TargetNotFound,   1002);
+    R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(PartitionNotFound,    1001);
+    R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(TargetNotFound,       1002);
 
     R_DEFINE_ERROR_RANGE(SdCardAccessFailed, 2000, 2499);
         R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(SdCardNotPresent, 2001);
@@ -51,48 +54,65 @@ namespace ams::fs {
     R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(SystemPartitionNotReady, 3100);
 
     R_DEFINE_ERROR_RANGE(AllocationFailure, 3200, 3499);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInFileSystemAccessorA,         3211);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInFileSystemAccessorB,         3212);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInApplicationA,                3213);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInBisA,                        3215);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInBisB,                        3216);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInBisC,                        3217);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInCodeA,                       3218);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInContentA,                    3219);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInContentStorageA,             3220);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInContentStorageB,             3221);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInDataA,                       3222);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInDataB,                       3223);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInDeviceSaveDataA,             3224);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInGameCardA,                   3225);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInGameCardB,                   3226);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInGameCardC,                   3227);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInGameCardD,                   3228);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInImageDirectoryA,             3232);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInSdCardA,                     3244);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInSdCardB,                     3245);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInSystemSaveDataA,             3246);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInRomFsFileSystemA,            3247);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInRomFsFileSystemB,            3248);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInRomFsFileSystemC,            3249);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInPartitionFileSystemCreatorA, 3280);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInFileSystemBuddyHeapA,        3294);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInDirectorySaveDataFileSystem, 3321);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInPartitionFileSystemA,        3347);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInPartitionFileSystemB,        3348);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInPartitionFileSystemC,        3349);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInPartitionFileSystemMetaA,    3350);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInPartitionFileSystemMetaB,    3351);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInRomFsFileSystemD,            3352);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInSubDirectoryFileSystem,      3355);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInRegisterA,                   3365);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInRegisterB,                   3366);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInPathNormalizer,              3367);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInDbmRomKeyValueStorage,       3375);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInReadOnlyFileSystemA,         3386);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInRomFsFileSystemE,            3377);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInFileSystemInterfaceAdapter,  3407);
-        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInNew,                         3420);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInFileSystemAccessorA,           3211);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInFileSystemAccessorB,           3212);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInApplicationA,                  3213);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInBisA,                          3215);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInBisB,                          3216);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInBisC,                          3217);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInCodeA,                         3218);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInContentA,                      3219);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInContentStorageA,               3220);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInContentStorageB,               3221);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInDataA,                         3222);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInDataB,                         3223);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInDeviceSaveDataA,               3224);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInGameCardA,                     3225);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInGameCardB,                     3226);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInGameCardC,                     3227);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInGameCardD,                     3228);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInImageDirectoryA,               3232);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInSdCardA,                       3244);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInSdCardB,                       3245);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInSystemSaveDataA,               3246);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInRomFsFileSystemA,              3247);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInRomFsFileSystemB,              3248);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInRomFsFileSystemC,              3249);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInPartitionFileSystemCreatorA,   3280);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInRomFileSystemCreatorA,         3281);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInStorageOnNcaCreatorA,          3288);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInStorageOnNcaCreatorB,          3289);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInFileSystemBuddyHeapA,          3294);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInFileSystemBufferManagerA,      3295);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInBlockCacheBufferedStorageA,    3296);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInBlockCacheBufferedStorageB,    3297);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInIntegrityVerificationStorageA, 3304);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInIntegrityVerificationStorageB, 3305);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInDirectorySaveDataFileSystem,   3321);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInNcaFileSystemDriverI,          3341);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInPartitionFileSystemA,          3347);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInPartitionFileSystemB,          3348);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInPartitionFileSystemC,          3349);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInPartitionFileSystemMetaA,      3350);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInPartitionFileSystemMetaB,      3351);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInRomFsFileSystemD,              3352);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInSubDirectoryFileSystem,        3355);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInNcaReaderA,                    3363);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInRegisterA,                     3365);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInRegisterB,                     3366);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInPathNormalizer,                3367);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInDbmRomKeyValueStorage,         3375);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInRomFsFileSystemE,              3377);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInReadOnlyFileSystemA,           3386);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInAesCtrCounterExtendedStorageA, 3399);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInAesCtrCounterExtendedStorageB, 3400);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInFileSystemInterfaceAdapter,    3407);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInBufferedStorageA,              3411);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInIntegrityRomFsStorageA,        3412);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInNew,                           3420);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInMakeUnique,                    3422);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailureInAllocateShared,                3423);
+        R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(AllocationFailurePooledBufferNotEnoughSize,       3424);
 
     R_DEFINE_ERROR_RANGE(MmcAccessFailed, 3500, 3999);
 
@@ -100,6 +120,28 @@ namespace ams::fs {
         R_DEFINE_ERROR_RANGE(RomCorrupted, 4001, 4299);
             R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedRomVersion, 4002);
 
+            R_DEFINE_ERROR_RANGE(AesCtrCounterExtendedStorageCorrupted, 4011, 4019);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidAesCtrCounterExtendedEntryOffset,  4012);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidAesCtrCounterExtendedTableSize,    4013);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidAesCtrCounterExtendedGeneration,   4014);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidAesCtrCounterExtendedOffset,       4015);
+
+            R_DEFINE_ERROR_RANGE(IndirectStorageCorrupted, 4021, 4029);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidIndirectEntryOffset,       4022);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidIndirectEntryStorageIndex, 4023);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidIndirectStorageSize,       4024);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidIndirectVirtualOffset,     4025);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidIndirectPhysicalOffset,    4026);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidIndirectStorageIndex,      4027);
+
+            R_DEFINE_ERROR_RANGE(BucketTreeCorrupted, 4031, 4039);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidBucketTreeSignature,       4032);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidBucketTreeEntryCount,      4033);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidBucketTreeNodeEntryCount,  4034);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidBucketTreeNodeOffset,      4035);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidBucketTreeEntryOffset,     4036);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidBucketTreeEntrySetOffset,  4037);
+
             R_DEFINE_ERROR_RANGE(RomNcaCorrupted, 4041, 4139);
                 R_DEFINE_ERROR_RANGE(RomNcaFileSystemCorrupted, 4051, 4069);
                     R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidRomNcaFileSystemType,                 4052);
@@ -154,6 +196,9 @@ namespace ams::fs {
 
         R_DEFINE_ERROR_RANGE(SaveDataCorrupted, 4301, 4499);
         R_DEFINE_ERROR_RANGE(NcaCorrupted, 4501, 4599);
+            R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(NcaBaseStorageOutOfRangeA, 4508);
+            R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(NcaBaseStorageOutOfRangeB, 4509);
+
             R_DEFINE_ERROR_RANGE(NcaFileSystemCorrupted, 4511, 4529);
                 R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidNcaFileSystemType,              4512);
                 R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidAcidFileSize,                   4513);
@@ -167,6 +212,12 @@ namespace ams::fs {
                 R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidNcaKeyIndex,                    4521);
                 R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidNcaFsHeaderHashType,            4522);
                 R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidNcaFsHeaderEncryptionType,      4523);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidNcaPatchInfoIndirectSize,       4524);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidNcaPatchInfoAesCtrExSize,       4525);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidNcaPatchInfoAesCtrExOffset,     4526);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidNcaId,                          4527);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidNcaHeader,                      4528);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidNcaFsHeader,                    4529);
 
             R_DEFINE_ERROR_RANGE(NcaHierarchicalSha256StorageCorrupted, 4531, 4539);
                 R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidHierarchicalSha256BlockSize,       4532);
@@ -174,6 +225,9 @@ namespace ams::fs {
                 R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(HierarchicalSha256BaseStorageTooLarge,    4534);
                 R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(HierarchicalSha256HashVerificationFailed, 4535);
 
+            /* TODO: Range? */
+            R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidNcaHeader1SignatureKeyGeneration, 4543);
+
         R_DEFINE_ERROR_RANGE(IntegrityVerificationStorageCorrupted, 4601, 4639);
              R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(IncorrectIntegrityVerificationMagic,                4602);
              R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(InvalidZeroHash,                                    4603);
@@ -254,28 +308,51 @@ namespace ams::fs {
                 R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(WriteNotPermitted,                       6203);
 
             R_DEFINE_ERROR_RANGE(UnsupportedOperation, 6300, 6399);
-                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInSubStorageA,                    6302);
-                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInSubStorageB,                    6303);
-                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInMemoryStorageA,                 6304);
-                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInMemoryStorageB,                 6305);
-                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInFileStorageA,                   6306);
-                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInFileStorageB,                   6307);
-                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInAesCtrStorageA,                 6315);
-                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInFileServiceObjectAdapterA,      6362);
-                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInRomFsFileSystemA,               6364);
-                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInRomFsFileSystemB,               6365);
-                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInRomFsFileSystemC,               6366);
-                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInRomFsFileA,                     6367);
-                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInRomFsFileB,                     6368);
-                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInReadOnlyFileSystemTemplateA,    6369);
-                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInReadOnlyFileSystemTemplateB,    6370);
-                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInReadOnlyFileSystemTemplateC,    6371);
-                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInReadOnlyFileA,                  6372);
-                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInReadOnlyFileB,                  6373);
-                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInPartitionFileSystemA,           6374);
-                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInPartitionFileSystemB,           6375);
-                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInPartitionFileA,                 6376);
-                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInPartitionFileB,                 6377);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInSubStorageA,                                6302);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInSubStorageB,                                6303);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInMemoryStorageA,                             6304);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInMemoryStorageB,                             6305);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInFileStorageA,                               6306);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInFileStorageB,                               6307);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInSwitchStorageA,                             6308);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInAesCtrCounterExtendedStorageA,              6310);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInAesCtrCounterExtendedStorageB,              6311);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInAesCtrCounterExtendedStorageC,              6312);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInAesCtrStorageExternalA,                     6313);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInAesCtrStorageExternalB,                     6314);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInAesCtrStorageA,                             6315);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInHierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorageA,  6316);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInHierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorageB,  6317);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInIntegrityVerificationStorageA,              6318);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInIntegrityVerificationStorageB,              6319);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInIntegrityVerificationStorageC,              6320);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInBlockCacheBufferedStorageA,                 6321);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInBlockCacheBufferedStorageB,                 6322);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInBlockCacheBufferedStorageC,                 6323);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInIndirectStorageA,                           6324);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInIndirectStorageB,                           6325);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInIndirectStorageC,                           6326);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInZeroStorageA,                               6327);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInZeroStorageB,                               6328);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInHierarchicalSha256StorageA,                 6329);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInReadOnlyBlockCacheStorageA,                 6330);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInReadOnlyBlockCacheStorageB,                 6331);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInIntegrityRomFsStorageA    ,                 6332);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInFileServiceObjectAdapterA,                  6362);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInRomFsFileSystemA,                           6364);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInRomFsFileSystemB,                           6365);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInRomFsFileSystemC,                           6366);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInRomFsFileA,                                 6367);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInRomFsFileB,                                 6368);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInReadOnlyFileSystemTemplateA,                6369);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInReadOnlyFileSystemTemplateB,                6370);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInReadOnlyFileSystemTemplateC,                6371);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInReadOnlyFileA,                              6372);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInReadOnlyFileB,                              6373);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInPartitionFileSystemA,                       6374);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInPartitionFileSystemB,                       6375);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInPartitionFileA,                             6376);
+                R_DEFINE_ERROR_RESULT(UnsupportedOperationInPartitionFileB,                             6377);
 
             R_DEFINE_ERROR_RANGE(PermissionDenied, 6400, 6449);
 

libraries/libvapours/include/vapours/util.hpp

@@ -36,3 +36,4 @@
 #include <vapours/util/util_uuid.hpp>
 #include <vapours/util/util_bounded_map.hpp>
 #include <vapours/util/util_string_util.hpp>
+#include <vapours/util/util_variadic.hpp>

libraries/libvapours/include/vapours/util/util_bitutil.hpp

@@ -208,4 +208,11 @@ namespace ams::util {
         return T(1) << (BITSIZEOF(T) - CountLeadingZeros(x) - 1);
     }
 
+    template<typename T, typename U>
+    constexpr ALWAYS_INLINE T DivideUp(T v, U d) {
+        using Unsigned = typename std::make_unsigned<U>::type;
+        const Unsigned add = static_cast<Unsigned>(d) - 1;
+        return static_cast<T>((v + add) / d);
+    }
+
 }

libraries/libvapours/include/vapours/util/util_variadic.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+#include <vapours/common.hpp>
+#include <vapours/assert.hpp>
+
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_INVOKE_MACRO(__HANDLER__) \
+    __HANDLER__(_01_)                               \
+    __HANDLER__(_02_)                               \
+    __HANDLER__(_03_)                               \
+    __HANDLER__(_04_)                               \
+    __HANDLER__(_05_)                               \
+    __HANDLER__(_06_)                               \
+    __HANDLER__(_07_)                               \
+    __HANDLER__(_08_)                               \
+    __HANDLER__(_09_)                               \
+    __HANDLER__(_0A_)                               \
+    __HANDLER__(_0B_)                               \
+    __HANDLER__(_0C_)                               \
+    __HANDLER__(_0D_)                               \
+    __HANDLER__(_0E_)                               \
+    __HANDLER__(_0F_)
+
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_01_(_T_)                                                 typename _T_##_01_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_02_(_T_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_01_(_T_), typename _T_##_02_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_03_(_T_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_02_(_T_), typename _T_##_03_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_04_(_T_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_03_(_T_), typename _T_##_04_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_05_(_T_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_04_(_T_), typename _T_##_05_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_06_(_T_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_05_(_T_), typename _T_##_06_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_07_(_T_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_06_(_T_), typename _T_##_07_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_08_(_T_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_07_(_T_), typename _T_##_08_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_09_(_T_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_08_(_T_), typename _T_##_09_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_0A_(_T_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_09_(_T_), typename _T_##_0A_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_0B_(_T_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_0A_(_T_), typename _T_##_0B_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_0C_(_T_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_0B_(_T_), typename _T_##_0C_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_0D_(_T_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_0C_(_T_), typename _T_##_0D_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_0E_(_T_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_0D_(_T_), typename _T_##_0E_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_0F_(_T_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS_0E_(_T_), typename _T_##_0F_
+
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_01_(_T_, _N_)                                                     _T_##_01_ &&_N_##_01_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_02_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_01_(_T_, _N_), _T_##_02_ &&_N_##_02_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_03_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_02_(_T_, _N_), _T_##_03_ &&_N_##_03_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_04_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_03_(_T_, _N_), _T_##_04_ &&_N_##_04_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_05_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_04_(_T_, _N_), _T_##_05_ &&_N_##_05_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_06_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_05_(_T_, _N_), _T_##_06_ &&_N_##_06_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_07_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_06_(_T_, _N_), _T_##_07_ &&_N_##_07_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_08_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_07_(_T_, _N_), _T_##_08_ &&_N_##_08_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_09_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_08_(_T_, _N_), _T_##_09_ &&_N_##_09_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_0A_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_09_(_T_, _N_), _T_##_0A_ &&_N_##_0A_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_0B_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_0A_(_T_, _N_), _T_##_0B_ &&_N_##_0B_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_0C_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_0B_(_T_, _N_), _T_##_0C_ &&_N_##_0C_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_0D_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_0C_(_T_, _N_), _T_##_0D_ &&_N_##_0D_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_0E_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_0D_(_T_, _N_), _T_##_0E_ &&_N_##_0E_
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_0F_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS_0E_(_T_, _N_), _T_##_0F_ &&_N_##_0F_
+
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_01_(_T_, _N_)                                                    ::std::forward<_T_##_01_>(_N_##_01_)
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_02_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_01_(_T_, _N_), ::std::forward<_T_##_02_>(_N_##_02_)
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_03_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_02_(_T_, _N_), ::std::forward<_T_##_03_>(_N_##_03_)
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_04_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_03_(_T_, _N_), ::std::forward<_T_##_04_>(_N_##_04_)
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_05_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_04_(_T_, _N_), ::std::forward<_T_##_05_>(_N_##_05_)
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_06_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_05_(_T_, _N_), ::std::forward<_T_##_06_>(_N_##_06_)
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_07_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_06_(_T_, _N_), ::std::forward<_T_##_07_>(_N_##_07_)
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_08_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_07_(_T_, _N_), ::std::forward<_T_##_08_>(_N_##_08_)
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_09_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_08_(_T_, _N_), ::std::forward<_T_##_09_>(_N_##_09_)
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_0A_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_09_(_T_, _N_), ::std::forward<_T_##_0A_>(_N_##_0A_)
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_0B_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_0A_(_T_, _N_), ::std::forward<_T_##_0B_>(_N_##_0B_)
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_0C_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_0B_(_T_, _N_), ::std::forward<_T_##_0C_>(_N_##_0C_)
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_0D_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_0C_(_T_, _N_), ::std::forward<_T_##_0D_>(_N_##_0D_)
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_0E_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_0D_(_T_, _N_), ::std::forward<_T_##_0E_>(_N_##_0E_)
+#define AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_0F_(_T_, _N_) AMS_UTIL_VARIADIC_TEMPLATE_FORWARDS_0E_(_T_, _N_), ::std::forward<_T_##_0F_>(_N_##_0F_)

libraries/libvapours/source/crypto/crypto_hmac_sha1_generator.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::crypto {
+
+    void GenerateHmacSha1Mac(void *dst, size_t dst_size, const void *data, size_t data_size, const void *key, size_t key_size) {
+        HmacSha1Generator hmac;
+
+        hmac.Initialize(key, key_size);
+        hmac.Update(data, data_size);
+        hmac.GetMac(dst, dst_size);
+    }
+
+}

libraries/libvapours/source/crypto/crypto_hmac_sha256_generator.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 Atmosphère-NX
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include <vapours.hpp>
+
+namespace ams::crypto {
+
+    void GenerateHmacSha256Mac(void *dst, size_t dst_size, const void *data, size_t data_size, const void *key, size_t key_size) {
+        HmacSha256Generator hmac;
+
+        hmac.Initialize(key, key_size);
+        hmac.Update(data, data_size);
+        hmac.GetMac(dst, dst_size);
+    }
+
+}

stratosphere/ams_mitm/source/amsmitm_initialization.cpp

@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ namespace ams::mitm {
             {
                 u64 key_generation = 0;
                 if (hos::GetVersion() >= hos::Version_5_0_0) {
-                    R_ABORT_UNLESS(splGetConfig(SplConfigItem_NewKeyGeneration, &key_generation));
+                    R_ABORT_UNLESS(spl::GetConfig(std::addressof(key_generation), spl::ConfigItem::DeviceUniqueKeyGeneration));
                 }
 
                 u8 bis_keys[4][2][0x10];
@@ -107,15 +107,15 @@ namespace ams::mitm {
                 for (size_t partition = 0; partition < 4; partition++) {
                     if (partition == 0) {
                         for (size_t i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
-                            R_ABORT_UNLESS(splFsGenerateSpecificAesKey(BisKeySources[partition][i], key_generation, i, bis_keys[partition][i]));
+                            R_ABORT_UNLESS(spl::GenerateSpecificAesKey(bis_keys[partition][i], 0x10, BisKeySources[partition][i], 0x10, key_generation, i));
                         }
                     } else {
                         const u32 option = (partition == 3 && spl::IsRecoveryBoot()) ? 0x4 : 0x1;
 
-                        u8 access_key[0x10];
-                        R_ABORT_UNLESS(splCryptoGenerateAesKek(BisKekSource, key_generation, option, access_key));
+                        spl::AccessKey access_key;
+                        R_ABORT_UNLESS(spl::GenerateAesKek(std::addressof(access_key), BisKekSource, 0x10, key_generation, option));
                         for (size_t i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
-                            R_ABORT_UNLESS(splCryptoGenerateAesKey(access_key, BisKeySources[partition][i], bis_keys[partition][i]));
+                            R_ABORT_UNLESS(spl::GenerateAesKey(bis_keys[partition][i], 0x10, access_key, BisKeySources[partition][i], 0x10));
                         }
                     }
                 }

stratosphere/ams_mitm/source/amsmitm_main.cpp

@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ void __appInit(void) {
         R_ABORT_UNLESS(fsInitialize());
         R_ABORT_UNLESS(pmdmntInitialize());
         R_ABORT_UNLESS(pminfoInitialize());
-        R_ABORT_UNLESS(splFsInitialize());
+        spl::InitializeForFs();
     });
 
     ams::CheckApiVersion();
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ void __appInit(void) {
 
 void __appExit(void) {
     /* Cleanup services. */
-    splFsExit();
+    spl::Finalize();
     pminfoExit();
     pmdmntExit();
     fsExit();

stratosphere/boot/source/boot_boot_reason.cpp

@@ -22,19 +22,6 @@ namespace ams::boot {
 
     namespace {
 
-        /* Types. */
-        struct BootReasonValue {
-            union {
-                struct {
-                    u8 power_intr;
-                    u8 rtc_intr;
-                    u8 nv_erc;
-                    u8 boot_reason;
-                };
-                u32 value;
-            };
-        };
-
         /* Globals. */
         u32 g_boot_reason = 0;
         bool g_detected_boot_reason = false;
@@ -90,12 +77,14 @@ namespace ams::boot {
 
         /* Set boot reason for SPL. */
         if (hos::GetVersion() >= hos::Version_3_0_0) {
-            BootReasonValue boot_reason_value;
-            boot_reason_value.power_intr = power_intr;
-            boot_reason_value.rtc_intr = rtc_intr & ~rtc_intr_m;
-            boot_reason_value.nv_erc = nv_erc;
+            spl::BootReasonValue boot_reason_value = {};
+
+            boot_reason_value.power_intr  = power_intr;
+            boot_reason_value.rtc_intr    = rtc_intr & ~rtc_intr_m;
+            boot_reason_value.nv_erc      = nv_erc;
             boot_reason_value.boot_reason = g_boot_reason;
-            R_ABORT_UNLESS(splSetBootReason(boot_reason_value.value));
+
+            R_ABORT_UNLESS(spl::SetBootReason(boot_reason_value));
         }
 
         g_detected_boot_reason = true;

stratosphere/boot/source/boot_display.cpp

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ namespace ams::boot {
         /* Globals. */
         bool g_is_display_intialized = false;
         u32 *g_frame_buffer = nullptr;
-        bool g_is_mariko = false;
+        spl::SocType g_soc_type = spl::SocType_Erista;
         u32 g_lcd_vendor = 0;
         Handle g_dc_das_hnd = INVALID_HANDLE;
         u8 g_frame_buffer_storage[DeviceAddressSpaceAlignSize + FrameBufferSize];
@@ -95,10 +95,9 @@ namespace ams::boot {
         }
 
         inline void DoSocDependentRegisterWrites(uintptr_t base_address, const RegisterWrite *reg_writes_erista, size_t num_writes_erista, const RegisterWrite *reg_writes_mariko, size_t num_writes_mariko) {
-            if (g_is_mariko) {
-                DoRegisterWrites(base_address, reg_writes_mariko, num_writes_mariko);
-            } else {
-                DoRegisterWrites(base_address, reg_writes_erista, num_writes_erista);
+            switch (g_soc_type) {
+                case spl::SocType_Erista: DoRegisterWrites(base_address, reg_writes_erista, num_writes_erista); break;
+                case spl::SocType_Mariko: DoRegisterWrites(base_address, reg_writes_mariko, num_writes_mariko); break;
             }
         }
 
@@ -188,7 +187,7 @@ namespace ams::boot {
     void InitializeDisplay() {
         /* Setup globals. */
         InitializeRegisterBaseAddresses();
-        g_is_mariko = spl::IsMariko();
+        g_soc_type = spl::GetSocType();
         InitializeFrameBuffer();
 
         /* Turn on DSI/voltage rail. */
@@ -199,7 +198,7 @@ namespace ams::boot {
 
             i2c::driver::OpenSession(&i2c_session, I2cDevice_Max77620Pmic);
 
-            if (g_is_mariko) {
+            if (g_soc_type == spl::SocType_Mariko) {
                 WriteI2cRegister(i2c_session, 0x18, 0x3A);
                 WriteI2cRegister(i2c_session, 0x1F, 0x71);
             }
@@ -242,7 +241,7 @@ namespace ams::boot {
 
         /* Configure display interface and display. */
         reg::Write(g_mipi_cal_regs + 0x060, 0);
-        if (g_is_mariko) {
+        if (g_soc_type == spl::SocType_Mariko) {
             reg::Write(g_mipi_cal_regs + 0x058, 0);
             reg::Write(g_apb_misc_regs + 0xAC0, 0);
         }
@@ -367,7 +366,7 @@ namespace ams::boot {
         DO_SOC_DEPENDENT_REGISTER_WRITES(g_dsi_regs, DisplayConfigDsi01Init11);
         DO_SOC_DEPENDENT_REGISTER_WRITES(g_mipi_cal_regs, DisplayConfigMipiCal03);
         DO_REGISTER_WRITES(g_mipi_cal_regs, DisplayConfigMipiCal04);
-        if (g_is_mariko) {
+        if (g_soc_type == spl::SocType_Mariko) {
             /* On Mariko the above configurations are executed twice, for some reason. */
             DO_SOC_DEPENDENT_REGISTER_WRITES(g_mipi_cal_regs, DisplayConfigMipiCal02);
             DO_SOC_DEPENDENT_REGISTER_WRITES(g_dsi_regs, DisplayConfigDsi01Init11);